Modern maize hybrids in Northeast China exhibit increased yield potential and resource use efficiency despite adverse climate change

This chapter considers the challenge of improving crop resource-use efficiency using biotechnology or traditional plant breeding. It argues that some of biotechnology's stated goals, such as more efficient use of water by crops, are unlikely to be achieved without tradeoffs. After providing an overview of crop genetic improvement via traditional plant breeding or biotechnology, the chapter discusses the importance of greater resource-use efficiency and increasing yield potential. It then explains how natural selection has improved the efficiency of photosynthesis as well as water-use efficiency and how tradeoffs limit biotechnology improvement of crop water use. It also assesses the potential of genetic engineering to improve nutrient-use efficiency and asserts that near-term benefits of biotechnology have been exaggerated. The chapter concludes with a review of biotechnology's possible benefits and risks.

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Relationships between vine hydraulics and wine production in Falanghina: morpho-functional and isotopic traceability to evaluate sustainability in a climate change context

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-9928 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nicola Damiano ◽

Chiara Cirillo ◽

Giovanna Battipaglia ◽

Chiara Amitrano ◽

Antonio Pannico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Resource Use ◽

Environmental Constraints ◽

Resource Use Efficiency ◽

Wine Production ◽

Campania Region ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

The Impact

In the Mediterranean region, climate change is intensifying the need to improve the resource use efficiency of crops (e.g. water use efficiency) and to increase yield, quality and stability of productions, especially in high profitability and vulnerable crops as grapevine. In a climate change scenario, with increasing temperature and frequency of extreme events, such as prolonged periods of drought, the improvement of knowledge about the plasticity of morpho-functional traits in vines, becomes pivotal. Only a deep knowledge of vine responses to environmental constraints can help achieving the correct management of cultivation factors towards sustainability.The objective of this study is to apply a multidisciplinary approach for monitoring the resource use efficiency and resource allocation during vine development up to wine production. This general objective will be pursued by analysing the complex relationships between parameters in the continuum environment/plant/wine with specific emphasis on the influence of water availability on the vine, grapes, must and finally wine, in order to relate climate, plant water status and oenological characteristics.The study was conducted in a vineyard of Vitis vinifera L. subsp. vinifera &#8216;Falanghina&#8217; located in southern Italy (La Guardiense farm, Guardia Sanframondi, Benevento, Campania region).The vineyard performance was monitored on the basis of several morphological and eco-physiological parameters, measured in the main phenological phases, including: plant architecture, fertility, leaf anatomical traits, photosynthetic efficiency, leaf gas exchanges, nutritional status, berry and must quality. Water use efficiency was estimated through the analysis of anatomical and stable isotope traits (linked with hydraulic and resource efficiency parameters) from tree-ring series and leaf samples. Stable isotopes were also analysed in the must, in order to check the occurrence of an isotopic signature from the plants towards the must.The approach proved to be promising for achieving a comprehensive understanding on the impact of environmental constraints not only on plant behaviour, but also on the characteristics of the oenological products, furnishing at the same time a promising tool to reconstruct vine status from the isotopic trace in the must.&#160;

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Maize hybrids less dependent on high plant densities improve resource-use efficiency in rainfed and irrigated conditions

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2010.11.006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 120 (3) ◽

pp. 345-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

I.S. Tokatlidis ◽

V. Has ◽

V. Melidis ◽

I. Has ◽

I. Mylonas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resource Use ◽

Resource Use Efficiency ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Use Efficiency

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Optimum Crop Planning for Better Resource use Efficiency, Sustainability and Maximizing Farm Net Income in Assam

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/ag.d-4726 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Rinumoni Buragohin ◽

P P Bora ◽

J P Hazarika ◽

Nivedita Deka

Keyword(s):

Resource Use ◽

The State ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Farm Income ◽

Net Income ◽

Resource Use Efficiency ◽

Potential Yield ◽

Crop Planning ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Almost All

In Assam, most of the crops are grown with productivity that is lower than the potential yield. Potential utilization of irrigation is not much encouraging in the state. Besides, most of the farmers are marginal and small farmers leading to low mechanization in Assam agriculture. Therefore, a proper crop planning is needed that would help the farmers to select crops for mechanization under assured irrigation that will give them higher profit. The study has been under taken with the objective to develop optimum crop planing for better resource use efficiency, sustainability and maximizing farm net income across production environments by using linear programming (LP) through GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System). The resulted optimum crop model showed that, the areas under almost all the major crops grown in Assam have the scope to be increased under the land constraint of the state both in existing and improved irrigated situation and to contribute more in farm income. From the result of the study, it can be concluded that, besides rice, crops like maize, sugarcane, jute, mustard, pea and vegetables like tomato, brinjal, cauliflower, chilies etc can be seen as potential crops in a profitable crop plan for the state.

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Resource Use Efficiency in Gram Production of Amravati Division

Indian Journal Of Applied Research ◽

10.15373/2249555x/sept2013/162 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 532-534

Author(s):

Ganeshkumar D Rede ◽

◽

Dr. S. J. Kakde Dr. S. J. Kakde ◽

Vanita Khobarkar

Keyword(s):

Resource Use ◽

Resource Use Efficiency ◽

Use Efficiency

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Resource-use efficiency and plant invasion in low-resource systems.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1086889.539824 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Mark Hay

Keyword(s):

Resource Use ◽

Plant Invasion ◽

Resource Use Efficiency ◽

Low Resource ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Resource Systems

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Role of Finance in Resource use Efficiency and Constraints in Banana Cultivation in Uttar Pradesh

Indian Journal of Economics and Development ◽

10.35716/ijed/ns20-016 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 437-441

Keyword(s):

Resource Use ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Farm Size ◽

Primary Data ◽

Resource Use Efficiency ◽

Regular Source ◽

Block Level ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Secondary Information

The study was conducted using purposive cum random sampling technique and two hundred respondents comprised of 100 each borrowers and non-borrowers were selected from two block of district including marginal, small and medium categories of farm size. Primary data were collected through personal interview technique and required secondary information was taken from the record available at district and block level. Simple tabular and functional analysis and Garrett ranking were done to draw inferences. As per the result obtained from the study, no much difference was seen between the resource use efficiency of borrower and non-borrower farms and constraints faced by borrower. Since banana is a cash crop and it needs initial costs for its establishment, and after harvesting the crop regular source of income was generated by selling of suckers (seed) plant and its fruits. It’s by-product, leaves, etc. also used for various purposes. Minute inspection of the analysis showed that finance played important role for initiating the cultivation of banana crops showed the resource use efficiency that there is no considerable difference found on sample farms of borrower and non-borrower categories. Constraints faced by majority of the farmers were mainly delay in disbursement of loan and lack of the repayment period insufficient and improper management for withdraws on KCC.

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