scholarly journals Long‐term evolutionary and ecological responses of calcifying phytoplankton to changes in atmospheric CO 2

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 3504-3516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarte Hannisdal ◽  
Jorijntje Henderiks ◽  
Lee Hsiang Liow
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Responses

Long-term limnological changes in the Ecuadorian páramo: Comparing the ecological responses to climate warming of shallow waterbodies versus deep lakes

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1316-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark P. Giles ◽  
Neal Michelutti ◽  
Christopher Grooms ◽  
John P. Smol
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Deep Lakes ◽  
Ecological Responses

scholarly journals Advancing the long view of ecological change in tundra systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1624) ◽  
pp. 20120477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Post ◽  
Toke T. Høye
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Ecological Change ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Personnel ◽  
Ecological Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Population And Community Dynamics ◽  
Long Term Studies

Despite uncertainties related to sustained funding, ideological rivalries and the turnover of research personnel, long-term studies and studies espousing a long-term perspective in ecology have a history of contributing landmark insights into fundamental topics, such as population- and community dynamics, species interactions and ecosystem function. They also have the potential to reveal surprises related to unforeseen events and non-stationary dynamics that unfold over the course of ongoing observation and experimentation. The unprecedented rate and magnitude of current and expected abiotic changes in tundra environments calls for a synthetic overview of the scope of ecological responses these changes have elicited. In this special issue, we present a series of contributions that advance the long view of ecological change in tundra systems, either through sustained long-term research, or through retrospective or prospective modelling. Beyond highlighting the value of long-term research in tundra systems, the insights derived herein should also find application to the study of ecological responses to environmental change in other biomes as well.

scholarly journals Shared Drivers but Divergent Ecological Responses: Insights from Long-Term Experiments in Mesic Savanna Grasslands

BioScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 666-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda D. Smith ◽  
Alan K. Knapp ◽  
Scott L. Collins ◽  
Deron E. Burkepile ◽  
Kevin P. Kirkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Responses ◽  
Long Term Experiments

The value of a broad temporal and spatial perspective in understanding dynamics of kelp forest ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Reed ◽  
Andrew R. Rassweiler ◽  
Robert J. Miller ◽  
Henry M. Page ◽  
Sally J. Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Spatial Perspective ◽  
Ecological Responses ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Many ecological processes play out over longer time scales and larger spatial scales than can be studied in a traditional 2–4-year grant cycle. Uncertainties in future funding hinder efforts to implement comprehensive research programs that integrate coupled time series observations of physical variables and ecological responses, manipulative experiments and synthetic analyses over the long term. Such research is essential for advancing our understanding of ecological responses associated with climate change, and the physical and biological processes that control them. This need is perhaps greatest for ecosystems that display highly dynamic and spatially complex patterns that are difficult to explain with short-term, small-scale studies. Such is the case for kelp forest ecosystems, which often show tremendous spatial and temporal variability in resource supply, consumer control and physical disturbance across spatial scales of metres to hundreds of kilometres and temporal scales of hours to decades. Here we present four examples from the Santa Barbara Coastal Long-term Ecological Research project that demonstrate the value of a broad temporal and spatial perspective in understanding the causes and ecological consequences of short-term local dynamics of giant kelp forests of California, USA.

scholarly journals Long-term ecological responses of the River Spöl to experimental floods

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Robinson ◽  
Andre R. Siebers ◽  
Johannes Ortlepp
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Responses

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

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