scholarly journals Paleoenvironmental proxies and what the Xiamaling Formation tells us about the mid‐Proterozoic ocean

Geobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichang Zhang ◽  
Xiaomei Wang ◽  
Huajian Wang ◽  
Christian J. Bjerrum ◽  
Emma U. Hammarlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xiamaling Formation

scholarly journals The oldest oil accumulation in China: Meso-proterozoic Xiamaling Formation bituminous sandstone reservoirs

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Ningning Zhong ◽  
Yongjing Tian ◽  
Wen Qi ◽  
Guoyan Mu
Keyword(s):  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Sandstone Reservoirs ◽  
Xiamaling Formation

Evaluation of hydrocarbon generation of the Xiamaling Formation shale in Zhangjiakou and its significance to the petroleum geology in North China

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
LiuJuan Xie ◽  
YongGe Sun ◽  
ZhongWei Yang ◽  
JianPing Chen ◽  
AiZhu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Petroleum Geology ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Xiamaling Formation

scholarly journals A Mesoproterozoic iron formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (17) ◽  
pp. E3895-E3904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Canfield ◽  
Shuichang Zhang ◽  
Huajian Wang ◽  
Xiaomei Wang ◽  
Wenzhi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Iron Formation ◽  
The North ◽  
Fe Oxidation ◽  
Organic Biomarkers ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
Fe Reduction ◽  
Rule Out ◽  
Xiamaling Formation

We describe a 1,400 million-year old (Ma) iron formation (IF) from the Xiamaling Formation of the North China Craton. We estimate this IF to have contained at least 520 gigatons of authigenic Fe, comparable in size to many IFs of the Paleoproterozoic Era (2,500–1,600 Ma). Therefore, substantial IFs formed in the time window between 1,800 and 800 Ma, where they are generally believed to have been absent. The Xiamaling IF is of exceptionally low thermal maturity, allowing the preservation of organic biomarkers and an unprecedented view of iron-cycle dynamics during IF emplacement. We identify tetramethyl aryl isoprenoid (TMAI) biomarkers linked to anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria and thus phototrophic Fe oxidation. Although we cannot rule out other pathways of Fe oxidation, iron and organic matter likely deposited to the sediment in a ratio similar to that expected for anoxygenic photosynthesis. Fe reduction was likely a dominant and efficient pathway of organic matter mineralization, as indicated by organic matter maturation by Rock Eval pyrolysis combined with carbon isotope analyses: Indeed, Fe reduction was seemingly as efficient as oxic respiration. Overall, this Mesoproterozoic-aged IF shows many similarities to Archean-aged (>2,500 Ma) banded IFs (BIFs), but with an exceptional state of preservation, allowing an unprecedented exploration of Fe-cycle dynamics in IF deposition.

Mesoproterozoic oxygenated deep seawater recorded by early diagenetic carbonate concretions from the Member IV of the Xiamaling Formation, North China

2020 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
pp. 105667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anqi Liu ◽  
Dongjie Tang ◽  
Xiaoying Shi ◽  
Xiqiang Zhou ◽  
Limin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Deep Seawater ◽  
Carbonate Concretions ◽  
Xiamaling Formation

scholarly journals The oxic degradation of sedimentary organic matter 1400 Ma constrains atmospheric oxygen levels

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2133-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichang Zhang ◽  
Xiaomei Wang ◽  
Huajian Wang ◽  
Emma U. Hammarlund ◽  
Jin Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Black Shales ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Iron Speciation ◽  
North China Block ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
The North ◽  
Xiamaling Formation

Abstract. We studied sediments from the ca. 1400 million-year-old Xiamaling Formation from the North China block. The upper unit of this formation (unit 1) deposited mostly below storm wave base and contains alternating black and green-gray shales with very distinct geochemical characteristics. The black shales are enriched in redox-sensitive trace metals, have high concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), high hydrogen index (HI) and iron speciation indicating deposition under anoxic conditions. In contrast, the green-gray shales show no trace metal enrichments, have low TOC, low HI and iron speciation consistent with an oxygenated depositional setting. Altogether, unit 1 displays alternations between oxic and anoxic depositional environments, driving differences in carbon preservation consistent with observations from the modern ocean. We combined our TOC and HI results to calculate the differences in carbon mineralization and carbon preservation by comparing the oxygenated and anoxic depositional environments. Through comparisons of these results with modern sedimentary environments, and by use of a simple diagenetic model, we conclude that the enhanced carbon mineralization under oxygenated conditions in unit 1 of the Xiamaling Formation required a minimum of 4 to 8 % of present-day atmospheric levels (PAL) of oxygen. These oxygen levels are higher than estimates based on chromium isotopes and reinforce the idea that the environment contained enough oxygen for animals long before their evolution.

scholarly journals Significance of source rock heterogeneities: A case study of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation shale in North China

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei WANG ◽  
Shuichang ZHANG ◽  
Huajian WANG ◽  
Jin SU ◽  
Kun HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
North China ◽  
Xiamaling Formation

Stratiform siderites from the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation in North China: Genesis and environmental implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjie Tang ◽  
Xiaoying Shi ◽  
Ganqing Jiang ◽  
Tong Wu ◽  
Jianbai Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Xiamaling Formation

A New SHRIMP Age of the Xiamaling Formation in the North China Plate and Its Geological Significance

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1103-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
GAO Linzhi ◽  
ZHANG Chuanheng ◽  
SHI Xiaoying ◽  
ZHOU Hongrui ◽  
WANG Ziqiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Geological Significance ◽  
The North ◽  
North China Plate ◽  
Xiamaling Formation
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