scholarly journals Mineralization ofAlvinellapolychaete tubes at hydrothermal vents

Geobiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Georgieva ◽  
C. T. S. Little ◽  
A. D. Ball ◽  
A. G. Glover
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents

From wood to vent: first cocculinid limpet associated with hydrothermal activity discovered in the Weddell Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-366
Author(s):  
Chong Chen ◽  
Katrin Linse
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
First Record ◽  
Hydrothermal Activity ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Anatomical Reconstruction ◽  
Cold Seeps ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectory ◽  
Genetic Sequencing

AbstractLush ‘oases’ of life seen in chemosynthetic ecosystems such as hot vents and cold seeps represent rare, localized exceptions to the generally oligotrophic deep ocean floor. Organic falls, best known from sunken wood and whale carcasses, are additional sources of such oases. Kemp Caldera (59°42'S, 28°20'W) in the Weddell Sea exhibits active hydrothermal vents and a natural whale fall in close proximity, where an undescribed cocculinid limpet was found living in both types of chemosynthetic habitats. This represents the first member of the gastropod order Cocculinida discovered from hot vents, and also the first record from the Southern Ocean. Here, we applied an integrative taxonomy framework incorporating traditional dissection, electron microscopy, genetic sequencing and 3D anatomical reconstruction through synchrotron computed tomography in order to characterize this species. Together, our data revealed an unusual member of the genus Cocculina with a highly modified radula for feeding on bacterial film, described herein as Cocculina enigmadonta n. sp. Its phylogenetically derived position within the largely wood-inhabiting Cocculina indicates that it probably evolved from an ancestor adapted to living on sunken wood, providing a compelling case of the ‘stepping stone’ evolutionary trajectory from organic falls to seeps and vents.

scholarly journals Macrofaunal Ecology of Sedimented Hydrothermal Vents in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Bell ◽  
Clare Woulds ◽  
Lee E. Brown ◽  
Christopher J. Sweeting ◽  
William D. K. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Bransfield Strait

Spatial distribution pattern of seafloor hydrothermal vents to the southeastern Kueishan Tao offshore Taiwan Island

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenhua Han ◽  
Ying Ye ◽  
Yiwen Pan ◽  
Huawei Qin ◽  
Guanghai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
Taiwan Island

Lipid composition of the hydrothermal vent clam Calyptogena pacifica (Mollusca: Bivalvia) as a trophic indicator

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 817-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Allen ◽  
Paul A. Tyler ◽  
Cindy L. Van Dover
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosatrienoic Acid ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Flame Ionization

Specimens of the chemoautotrophic symbiont-bearing hydrothermal vent clam Calyptogena pacifica were collected from hydrothermal vents at the Endeavour segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Total lipid was extracted from gill, foot and mantle tissues, and lipid class and fatty acid composition determined by thin layer chromatography with flame ionization detection (TLC–FID), gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An abundance of n–7 monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), especially in the gill, reflected the large contribution of chemoautotrophic symbiotic bacteria to the nutrition of this clam. The absence of n–8 MUFA suggests that C. pacifica does not contain methanotrophic symbiotic bacteria. Low levels of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) such as 20:5 n–3 and 22:6 n–3 were detected in C. pacifica and their presence is attributed to a source other than chemoautotrophic symbiotic bacteria. Significant levels of non-methylene interrupted dienoic fatty acids and eicosatrienoic acid (20:3) were also detected in C. pacifica and it is suggested that these fatty acids are synthesized from n–7 MUFA as alternatives to HUFA. In contrast to shallow water bivalves, elevated levels of triglyceride were detected in the gills compared to the mantle.

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