scholarly journals Genetic risk for Alzheimer disease in children: Evidence from early‐life IQ and brain white‐matter microstructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Fernanda Vinueza‐Veloz ◽  
Carlos Martín‐Román ◽  
María Paulina Robalino‐Valdivieso ◽  
Tonya White ◽  
Steven A. Kushner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

scholarly journals Coupled Changes in Brain White Matter Microstructure and Fluid Intelligence in Later Life

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (22) ◽  
pp. 8672-8682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. Ritchie ◽  
Mark E. Bastin ◽  
Elliot M. Tucker-Drob ◽  
Susana Muñoz Maniega ◽  
Laura E. Engelhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

White Matter Microstructural Differences in Youth with Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devyn L Cotter ◽  
Anisa Azad ◽  
Ryan P Cabeen ◽  
Mimi S Kim ◽  
Mitchell E Geffner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Stria Terminalis ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Subcortical Regions ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Microstructural Integrity

Abstract Context Gray matter morphology in the prefrontal cortex and subcortical regions, including the hippocampus and amygdala, are affected in youth with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). It remains unclear if white matter connecting these aforementioned brain regions is compromised in youth with CAH. Objective To examine brain white matter microstructure in youth with CAH compared to controls. Design A cross-sectional sample of 23 youths with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (12.9±3.5 year; 61% female) and 33 healthy controls (13.1±2.8 year; 61% female) with 3T multi-shell diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance brain scans. Main Outcome Measures Complementary modeling approaches, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI), to examine in vivo white matter microstructure in six white matter tracts that innervate the prefrontal and subcortical regions. Results DTI showed CAH youth had lower fractional anisotropy in both the fornix and stria terminalis, and higher mean diffusivity in the fornix compared to controls. NODDI modeling revealed that CAH youth have a significantly higher orientation dispersion index in the stria terminalis compared to controls. Decreases in white matter microstructural integrity were associated with smaller hippocampal and amygdala volumes in CAH youth. Conclusions These patterns of microstructure reflect less restricted water diffusion likely due to less coherency in oriented microstructure. These results suggest that white matter microstructural integrity in the fornix and stria terminalis is compromised and may be an additional related brain phenotype alongside affected hippocampus and amygdala neurocircuitry in individuals with CAH.

scholarly journals The prospective relationship between prehypertension, race, and whole-brain white matter microstructure

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Allen ◽  
Matthew F. Muldoon ◽  
Peter J. Gianaros ◽  
Julian F. Thayer ◽  
J. Richard Jennings
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

Effects of APOE on brain white matter microstructure in healthy adults

Neurology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (19) ◽  
pp. 1961-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. T. Westlye ◽  
I. Reinvang ◽  
H. Rootwelt ◽  
T. Espeseth
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
White Matter Microstructure
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