scholarly journals Sex differences in main olfactory system pathways involved in psychosexual function

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Cherry ◽  
Michael J. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Main Olfactory System

scholarly journals Critical Role of GFR 1 in the Development and Function of the Main Olfactory System

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (48) ◽  
pp. 17306-17320 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Marks ◽  
L. Belluscio ◽  
C. F. Ibanez
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory System ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
And Function ◽  
Main Olfactory System

scholarly journals Mammalian social odours: attraction and individual recognition

2006 ◽  
Vol 361 (1476) ◽  
pp. 2061-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A Brennan ◽  
Keith M Kendrick
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Vomeronasal System ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Major Urinary Proteins ◽  
Main Olfactory System

Mammalian social systems rely on signals passed between individuals conveying information including sex, reproductive status, individual identity, ownership, competitive ability and health status. Many of these signals take the form of complex mixtures of molecules sensed by chemosensory systems and have important influences on a variety of behaviours that are vital for reproductive success, such as parent–offspring attachment, mate choice and territorial marking. This article aims to review the nature of these chemosensory cues and the neural pathways mediating their physiological and behavioural effects. Despite the complexities of mammalian societies, there are instances where single molecules can act as classical pheromones attracting interest and approach behaviour. Chemosignals with relatively high volatility can be used to signal at a distance and are sensed by the main olfactory system. Most mammals also possess a vomeronasal system, which is specialized to detect relatively non-volatile chemosensory cues following direct contact. Single attractant molecules are sensed by highly specific receptors using a labelled line pathway. These act alongside more complex mixtures of signals that are required to signal individual identity. There are multiple sources of such individuality chemosignals, based on the highly polymorphic genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or lipocalins such as the mouse major urinary proteins. The individual profile of volatile components that make up an individual odour signature can be sensed by the main olfactory system, as the pattern of activity across an array of broadly tuned receptor types. In addition, the vomeronasal system can respond highly selectively to non-volatile peptide ligands associated with the MHC, acting at the V2r class of vomeronasal receptor. The ability to recognize individuals or their genetic relatedness plays an important role in mammalian social behaviour. Thus robust systems for olfactory learning and recognition of chemosensory individuality have evolved, often associated with major life events, such as mating, parturition or neonatal development. These forms of learning share common features, such as increased noradrenaline evoked by somatosensory stimulation, which results in neural changes at the level of the olfactory bulb. In the main olfactory bulb, these changes are likely to refine the pattern of activity in response to the learned odour, enhancing its discrimination from those of similar odours. In the accessory olfactory bulb, memory formation is hypothesized to involve a selective inhibition, which disrupts the transmission of the learned chemosignal from the mating male. Information from the main olfactory and vomeronasal systems is integrated at the level of the corticomedial amygdala, which forms the most important pathway by which social odours mediate their behavioural and physiological effects. Recent evidence suggests that this region may also play an important role in the learning and recognition of social chemosignals.

The main olfactory system and social learning in mammals

2009 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Sanchez-Andrade ◽  
Keith M. Kendrick
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Main Olfactory System

Amphibian V1R gene family is expressed in the Xenopus main olfactory system

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. S101
Author(s):  
Atsuko Date-Ito ◽  
Masumi Ichikawa ◽  
Yuji Mori ◽  
Kimiko Hagino-Yamagishi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Main Olfactory System

Sex Differences in the Olfactory System: a Functional MRI Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Melero ◽  
Susana Borromeo ◽  
Alexandra Cristobal-Huerta ◽  
Eva Manzanedo ◽  
Guillermo Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
System A ◽  
Mri Study

Sex differences in the human olfactory system

2006 ◽  
Vol 1116 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Garcia-Falgueras ◽  
Carme Junque ◽  
Mónica Giménez ◽  
Xavier Caldú ◽  
Santiago Segovia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Olfactory System

Development of the somatosensory cortex, the cerebellum, and the main olfactory system in Semaphorin 3F knockout mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Matsuda ◽  
Masahiro Fukaya ◽  
Harumi Nakao ◽  
Kazuki Nakao ◽  
Hideyuki Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Semaphorin 3F ◽  
Main Olfactory System
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