Stochastic colonisation dynamics can be a major driver of temporal β diversity in Atlantic Forest coastal stream communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor S. Saito ◽  
Nathalia E. Stoppa ◽  
Erika M. Shimabukuro ◽  
Miguel Cañedo‐Argüelles ◽  
Núria Bonada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Stream Communities ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Colonisation Dynamics

Expected impacts of climate change on tree ferns distribution and diversity patterns in subtropical Atlantic Forest

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luís de Gasper ◽  
Guilherme Salgado Grittz ◽  
Carlos Henrique Russi ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Schwartz ◽  
Arthur Vinicius Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Climatic Scenarios

ABSTRACTTree ferns are common elements in the Atlantic Forest domain, sometimes reaching more than half of total dominance at forest sites. Just as most groups, climate change might impact the distribution and diversity of tree ferns. To investigate the extent of these impacts in the subtropical Atlantic Rainforest, we measured the changes in species distribution, α- and β-diversity between current climate and future climatic scenarios for 2050. Most tree ferns species tend to lose their distribution area. Hence, species richness tends to decrease in the future, especially in the Rainforest sites. In general, β-diversity tend to not change on the regional scale, but some sites can change its relative singularity in composition. Our results show that climate change can impact distribution and α-diversity of tree ferns, but with no trend to cause homogenization in the tree ferns of the study area. Protected Areas (PAs) in our study region manage to withhold more α-diversity than areas without PAs — the same applies to β-diversity. Our study offers a new light into the effects of climate change in tree ferns by integrating the evaluation of its impacts on distribution, α- and β-diversity in all study areas and inside PAs.

scholarly journals Colonisation of leaf litter by aquatic invertebrates in an Atlantic Forest stream

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
VC. Oliveira ◽  
EA. Gonçalves ◽  
RG. Alves
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Aquatic Invertebrates ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Forest Stream ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Riparian vegetation along streams in the Atlantic Forest in Brazil contributes to the formation of a highly heterogeneous leaf litter in streambeds. To investigate the structure and composition of the aquatic invertebrate community during the process of leaf decomposition of two plant species present along the banks of the stream studied, 21 plastic mesh bags containing 2.5g (dry weight) of leaf matter from each species (Alchornea glandulosa (Vell) and Cabralea canjerana End. and Poeppig), for a total of 5.0g, were placed in the streambed. Three bags were removed after 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 96 days. The taxonomic density was negatively correlated with the remaining weight. The high density of collector organisms, such as Chironomidae, Oligochaeta and Amphipoda, on the last day of incubation, probably occurred due to the increased amount of fine organic matter in the more advanced decomposition stages. The highest α diversity (Shannon-Wiener) values were observed for the 3rd and 96th days of the experiment, while the β diversity values showed that these days presented the highest variation in the taxonomic composition, thus presenting a different faunistic composition. This study showed that the trophic structure and composition of aquatic invertebrates changes during the decomposition of leaf litter. The faunistic abundance and diversity observed in this study indicate that the entrance of material from plants growing along streams provides favorable conditions for the colonisation and establishment of invertebrates in lower-order streams, and thus points to the need to preserve riparian vegetation.

Fungal endophyte β-diversity associated with Myrtaceae species in an Andean Patagonian forest (Argentina) and an Atlantic forest (Brazil)

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline B.M. Vaz ◽  
Sonia Fontenla ◽  
Fernando S. Rocha ◽  
Luciana R. Brandão ◽  
Mariana L.A. Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Patagonian Forest

Is the hyporheic zone a refuge for macroinvertebrates in drying perennial streams?

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Young ◽  
R. H. Norris ◽  
F. Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Hyporheic Zone ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Taxa Richness ◽  
Stream Communities ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Streambed Drying

Drought and drying of perennial streams plays a central role in determining the structure of in-stream communities, decreasing taxa richness and abundance and changing trophic organisation. Further, flow cessation can increase spatial β-diversity of macroinvertebrate communities across disconnected sites. It has been hypothesised that the hyporheic zone may act as a refugium for benthic macroinvertebrates during low flow and flow cessation, but evidence remains equivocal. We explored hyporheic and surface benthic macroinvertebrate community changes associated with low flow and flow cessation conditions during a supra-seasonal drought on two normally perennial rivers: the Cotter and Queanbeyan Rivers (Canberra, ACT). Surface benthic and hyporheic samples were collected from these two rivers and four associated tributary streams across a drying gradient during dry conditions and after flow recovery to test whether macroinvertebrates in perennial streams utilise the hyporheic zone as a refugium and whether there is greater variability in the macroinvertebrate community at sites experiencing flow cessation compared with wetter sites. Low flow had no impact on macroinvertebrate taxa richness or density in either surface benthic or hyporheic habitats, whereas density and taxa richness declined during streambed drying, suggesting that the hyporheic zone did not provide a refugium for some taxa during these dry conditions. Spatial β-diversity peaked at dry sites, likely in response to the broad range of environmental conditions that may differ between refuges and sites, but decreased after flow recovery. Refuges in perennial streams appear more vulnerable to human disturbances during dry periods because a loss of suitable refuges can affect the ability of some macroinvertebrate taxa to recolonise after flow recovery.

scholarly journals Beta diversity patterns of Bromeliaceae growing on rocky cliffs within the Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edilaine Andrade Melo ◽  
Jorge Luiz Waechter
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Variation Partitioning ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Environmental Predictors ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Β Diversity

Abstract: In recent years there has been increasing attention in patterns of β-diversity and mechanisms related to variations in species composition. In this study, we evaluated beta diversity patterns of bromeliads growing on cliffs immersed in Atlantic Forest. We hypothesized that the species composition varies according to the spatial scale, inferring that there is a replacement of species influenced mainly by environmental factors. The study was carried out on sandstone cliffs included in contiguous but distinct vegetation formations: Evergreen and Seasonal forests. Twenty-four vertical rocky outcrops were sampled. The spatial variation in species composition was evaluated by two β-diversity components, turnover and nestedness. Multivariate analysis and variation partitioning were performed to distinguish niche and stochastic processes. We recorded 26 bromeliad species and a significantly higher contribution of turnover explaining beta diversity. Environmental factors affect β-diversity patterns of Bromeliaceae. However, individually, the environmental predictors do not explain the data variation. Environmental variations spatially structured, and spatial variables determinate the dissimilarity in the composition of bromeliads on cliffs. Thus, our results revealed that both environmental and spatial effects can act together to define the floristic composition of rock-dwelling bromeliad communities.

Dereplication of Brazilian plants from Cerrado and Atlantic Forest using NMR virtual design and hyphenated techniques

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Castro-Gamboa ◽  
R Burgos ◽  
P Cardoso ◽  
F Carnevale ◽  
A Pilon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Hyphenated Techniques ◽  
Virtual Design

Antioxidants from fruits and leaves of Eugenia jambolana, an edible Myrtaceae species from Atlantic Forest

Planta Medica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
DHS Silva ◽  
CV Plaza ◽  
V da S. Bolzani ◽  
AJ Cavalheiro ◽  
I Castro-Gamboa
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Eugenia Jambolana
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