scholarly journals Multiple environmental stressors confine the ecological niche of the rotifer Cephalodella acidophila

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1008-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS WEISSE ◽  
NICOLE LAUFENSTEIN ◽  
GUNTRAM WEITHOFF
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Environmental Stressors

scholarly journals Population growth rate and its determinants: an overview

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1425) ◽  
pp. 1153-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Sibly ◽  
Jim Hone
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Population Regulation ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Future Population

We argue that population growth rate is the key unifying variable linking the various facets of population ecology. The importance of population growth rate lies partly in its central role in forecasting future population trends; indeed if the form of density dependence were constant and known, then the future population dynamics could to some degree be predicted. We argue that population growth rate is also central to our understanding of environmental stress: environmental stressors should be defined as factors which when first applied to a population reduce population growth rate. The joint action of such stressors determines an organism's ecological niche, which should be defined as the set of environmental conditions where population growth rate is greater than zero (where population growth rate = r = log e ( N t +1 / N t )). While environmental stressors have negative effects on population growth rate, the same is true of population density, the case of negative linear effects corresponding to the well–known logistic equation. Following Sinclair, we recognize population regulation as occurring when population growth rate is negatively density dependent. Surprisingly, given its fundamental importance in population ecology, only 25 studies were discovered in the literature in which population growth rate has been plotted against population density. In 12 of these the effects of density were linear; in all but two of the remainder the relationship was concave viewed from above. Alternative approaches to establishing the determinants of population growth rate are reviewed, paying special attention to the demographic and mechanistic approaches. The effects of population density on population growth rate may act through their effects on food availability and associated effects on somatic growth, fecundity and survival, according to a 'numerical response', the evidence for which is briefly reviewed. Alternatively, there may be effects on population growth rate of population density in addition to those that arise through the partitioning of food between competitors; this is 'interference competition'. The distinction is illustrated using a replicated laboratory experiment on a marine copepod, Tisbe battagliae . Application of these approaches in conservation biology, ecotoxicology and human demography is briefly considered. We conclude that population regulation, density dependence, resource and interference competition, the effects of environmental stress and the form of the ecological niche, are all best defined and analysed in terms of population growth rate.

scholarly journals Does physiological tolerance to acute hypoxia and salinity change explain ecological niche in two intertidal crab species?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R L Falconer ◽  
Islay D Marsden ◽  
Jonathan V Hill ◽  
Chris N Glover
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Crab Species ◽  
Salinity Change ◽  
Physiological Tolerance ◽  
Intertidal Crab

Lay summary In response to acute salinity change or hypoxia, Hemigrapsus crenulatus exhibited better maintenance of osmoregulatory and cardiovascular function than Hemigrapsus sexdentatus. The greater physiological resilience of H. crenulatus is consistent with its habitation of an ecological niche that promotes greater exposure to environmental stressors than that of H. sexdentatus.

scholarly journals Rhythmic abdominal pumping movements in praying Mantises (Insecta: Mantodea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Frederick R. Prete ◽  
Aaron E. Schirmer ◽  
Salim Patel ◽  
Christina Carrion ◽  
Greg M. Prete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
System Organization ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Emergent Property ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Ecological Diversity ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Respiratory Behavior ◽  
Very High

We analyzed the rhythmic, cyclical dorsal-ventral abdominal pumping movements of nymphal and adult Hierodula patellifera (Audinet- Serville 1839), and adult Stagmomantis carolina (Johansson 1763), Tenodera sinensis (de Saussure 1871), Miomantis paykullii (Stål 1871), and Sphodromantis lineola (Burmeister 1838) using a combination of customized video analysis software and frame-by-frame video analyses. Despite the phylogenetic and ecological diversity of these species, we found fundamental similarities in the overall, intermittent patterns of their abdominal pumping movements. In adults of all species, intermittent bouts of abdominal pumping had median durations of 64-89 sec, and were separated by intervals with median durations of 10-25 sec. Bouts began with rhythmic upward abdominal deflections of progressively increasing amplitude and frequency which were superimposed on an overall, progressive abdominal elevation. Bouts ended with 1-4 very high amplitude, low frequency upward deflections after which the abdomen returned to its horizontal (resting) position. In H. patellifera, the overall adult pattern emerged gradually during larval development. Given the diversity of the species tested, our data suggest that intermittent abdominal pumping (which has been associated with respiratory behavior in insects) may be independent of ecological niche or acute environmental stressors in mantises. Instead, our data support the hypothesis that these apparently respiratory related, intermittent abdominal pumping movements are an emergent property of the mantis central nervous system organization.

Quantification of Cognitive Process Degradation While Mobile, Attributable to the Environmental Stressors Endurance, Vibration, and Noise

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore P. Schipani ◽  
◽  
Richard S. Bruno ◽  
Michael A. Lattin ◽  
Bobby M. King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Environmental Stressors

ABOUT THE CONCEPT OF ECOLOGICAL NICHE AND ITS ROLE IN DESIGN OF ADAPTIVE ARID PASTURE AGROECOSYSTEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-281
Author(s):  
Z.Sh. Shamsutdinov ◽  
◽  
V.M. Kosolapov ◽  
E.Z. Shamsutdinova ◽  
M.V. Blagorazumova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche

Ecological niche conservatism shapes the distributions of lichens

Preslia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Fačkovcová ◽  
Senko ◽  
M. Svitok ◽  
A. Guttová
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Niche Conservatism
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document