Predicting the effects of whale population recovery on Northeast Pacific food webs and fisheries: an ecosystem modelling approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Surma ◽  
Tony J. Pitcher
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Population Recovery ◽  
Ecosystem Modelling ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Modelling Approach

An ecosystem modelling approach for deriving water quality criteria

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. De Laender ◽  
K.A.C. De Schamphelaere ◽  
C.R. Janssen ◽  
P.A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Ecosystem Modelling ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Modelling Approach

Ecological effects of chemicals on ecosystems are the result of direct effects of the chemical, determined in single-species toxicity testing, and indirect effects due to ecological interactions between species. Current experimental methods to account for such interactions are expensive. Hence, mathematical models of ecosystems have been proposed as an alternative. The use of these models often requires extensive calibration, which hampers their use as a general tool in ecological effect assessments. Here we present a novel ecosystem modelling approach which assesses effects of chemicals on ecosystems by integrating single-species toxicity test results and ecological interactions, without the need for calibration on case-specific data. The methodology is validated by comparing predicted ecological effects of copper in a freshwater planktonic ecosystem with an experimental ecosystem data set. Two main effects reflected by this data set (a decrease of cladocerans and an increase of small phytoplankton) which were unpredictable from single-species toxicity test results alone, were predicted accurately by the developed model. Effects on populations which don't interact directly with other populations, were predicted equally well by single-species toxicity test results as by the ecosystem model. The small amount of required data and the high predictive capacity can make this ecosystem modelling approach an efficient tool in water quality criteria derivation for chemicals.

scholarly journals The trophic-level-based ecosystem modelling approach: theoretical overview and practical uses

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1403-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Gascuel ◽  
Sylvie Guénette ◽  
Daniel Pauly
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Ecosystem Modelling ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Simple Equations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Overview ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract Gascuel, D., Guénette, S., and Pauly, D. 2011. The trophic-level-based ecosystem modelling approach: theoretical overview and practical uses. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1403–1416. A trophic-level (TL)-based ecosystem modelling approach is presented, where ecosystem functioning is modelled as a flow of biomass up the foodweb through predation and ontogenetic processes. The approach, based on simple equations derived from fluid dynamics, provides insights into ecosystem functioning and the impact of fishing. A virtual ecosystem is simulated and the model shown to be capable of mimicking the effects of various exploitation patterns on ecosystem biomass expected from the theory. It provides the theoretical basis to explain complex patterns, such as cascading effects, maximum sustainable ecosystem yield, and fishing down the foodweb. The utility of the TL-based approach as a practical tool for determining fishing impacts in specific ecosystems is illustrated using the Guinean ecosystem as a case study, showing how current fishing effort levels led to full exploitation of higher TLs, confirming and generalizing previous single-species assessment results. Finally, catch trophic spectrum analysis is presented to show that it provides reliable biomass estimates when catches per TL and primary production are known.

Validation of an ecosystem modelling approach as a tool for ecological effect assessments

Chemosphere ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik De Laender ◽  
Karel A.C. De Schamphelaere ◽  
Peter A. Vanrolleghem ◽  
Colin R. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Effect ◽  
Ecosystem Modelling ◽  
Modelling Approach

scholarly journals Comparison of ecosystem modelling and isotopic approach as ecological tools to investigate food webs in the NW Mediterranean Sea

2011 ◽  
Vol 401 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Navarro ◽  
Marta Coll ◽  
Maite Louzao ◽  
Isabel Palomera ◽  
Antonio Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Ecosystem Modelling ◽  
Nw Mediterranean ◽  
Nw Mediterranean Sea

scholarly journals Correction: Herring supports Northeast Pacific predators and fisheries: Insights from ecosystem modelling and management strategy evaluation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e0207893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Surma ◽  
Tony J. Pitcher ◽  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Divya Varkey ◽  
Evgeny A. Pakhomov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Ecosystem Modelling ◽  
Management Strategy Evaluation ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Strategy Evaluation
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