scholarly journals Short‐term protein restriction at advanced age stimulates FGF21 signalling, energy expenditure and browning of white adipose tissue

FEBS Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen B. Dommerholt ◽  
Maaike Blankestijn ◽  
Marcel A. Vieira‐Lara ◽  
Theo H. van Dijk ◽  
Henk Wolters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Restriction ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Front Cover: Nicotinamide Protects Against Diet‐Induced Body Weight Gain, Increases Energy Expenditure, and Induces White Adipose Tissue Beiging

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2170027
Author(s):  
Karen Alejandra Méndez‐Lara ◽  
Elisabeth Rodríguez‐Millán ◽  
David Sebastián ◽  
Rosi Blanco‐Soto ◽  
Mercedes Camacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Front Cover

scholarly journals Gpbar1 agonism promotes a Pgc-1α-dependent browning of white adipose tissue and energy expenditure and reverses diet-induced steatohepatitis in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Carino ◽  
Sabrina Cipriani ◽  
Silvia Marchianò ◽  
Michele Biagioli ◽  
Paolo Scarpelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
White Adipose Tissue

Abstract 369: Naringenin Supplementation to a Chow Diet Reduces Plasma Lipids and Adiposity, and Suppresses Rer In Ldlr -/- Mice Fed a Chow Diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C Burke ◽  
Dawn E Telford ◽  
Brian G Sutherland ◽  
Jane Y Edwards ◽  
Murray W Huff
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Ambulatory Activity ◽  
Metabolic Dysregulation

Previously, we have shown that intervention by the addition of the citrus flavonoid naringenin to a chow diet enhances the reversal of diet-induced metabolic dysregulation, obesity, and atherosclerosis. However, the metabolic effects of naringenin in the absence of obesity and metabolic dysregulation are unknown. In the present study, we assessed the effect of naringenin supplementation to a chow diet on plasma lipids, adiposity, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), ambulatory activity and tissue lipolysis. For 8 weeks, Ldlr -/- mice were fed an isoflavone-free chow diet supplemented with or without 3% naringenin. Over 8 weeks, there was no difference in caloric intake between the two groups. Naringenin supplementation reduced plasma VLDL-cholesterol (C) (-46%; P <0.05), VLDL-triglycerides (-43%; P <0.05), and LDL-C (-27%; P <0.05) compared to mice consuming chow alone. Chow-fed mice maintained body weight, whereas mice fed chow with naringenin were ~1.4 g lighter ( P <0.05) with significantly reduced adiposity (-48%; P <0.05). Histological analysis of epididymal white adipose tissue showed naringenin supplementation reduced adipocyte size and number. Between 6 and 8 weeks of diet, mice were assessed in metabolic cages. Naringenin supplementation had no effect on food intake, ambulatory activity or energy expenditure during both the light and dark cycles. Consistently, naringenin-treated mice had significantly lower RER compared to mice fed chow alone (0.97 vs 0.99; P <0.05). This difference was driven by a significant suppression in RER during the light cycle (0.96 vs 1.00; P <0.05), but not the dark cycle (0.97 vs 0.98 N.S ), suggesting an enhanced starvation response. Triglyceride lipolysis was highest in white adipose tissue, followed by liver and muscle. Naringenin supplementation to chow increased the lipolytic rate in adipose, but not in muscle or liver, suggesting reduced adiposity was related to increased expression of ATGL or HSL. In conclusion, compared to chow alone, naringenin supplementation reduced plasma lipids and decreased body weight via increased adipose tissue lipolysis and suppressed RER, with no change in energy expenditure.

Cocoa powder, cocoa extract and epicatechin attenuate hypercaloric diet-induced obesity through enhanced β-oxidation and energy expenditure in white adipose tissue

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 54-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griselda Rabadan-Chávez ◽  
Lucia Quevedo-Corona ◽  
Angel Miliar Garcia ◽  
Elba Reyes-Maldonado ◽  
María Eugenia Jaramillo-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cocoa Powder ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

scholarly journals Liver X receptor β controls thyroid hormone feedback in the brain and regulates browning of subcutaneous white adipose tissue

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (45) ◽  
pp. 14006-14011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifei Miao ◽  
Wanfu Wu ◽  
Yubing Dai ◽  
Laure Maneix ◽  
Bo Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

The recent discovery of browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) has raised great research interest because of its significant potential in counteracting obesity and type 2 diabetes. Browning is the result of the induction in WAT of a newly discovered type of adipocyte, the beige cell. When mice are exposed to cold or several kinds of hormones or treatments with chemicals, specific depots of WAT undergo a browning process, characterized by highly activated mitochondria and increased heat production and energy expenditure. However, the mechanisms underlying browning are still poorly understood. Liver X receptors (LXRs) are one class of nuclear receptors, which play a vital role in regulating cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose metabolism. Following our previous finding that LXRs serve as repressors of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) in classic brown adipose tissue in female mice, we found that LXRs, especially LXRβ, also repress the browning process of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in male rodents fed a normal diet. Depletion of LXRs activated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-releasing hormone (TRH)-positive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus area of the hypothalamus and thus stimulated secretion of TSH from the pituitary. Consequently, production of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland and circulating thyroid hormone level were increased. Moreover, the activity of thyroid signaling in SAT was markedly increased. Together, our findings have uncovered the basis of increased energy expenditure in male LXR knockout mice and provided support for targeting LXRs in treatment of obesity.

scholarly journals Chrysanthemum Leaf Ethanol Extract Prevents Obesity and Metabolic Disease in Diet-Induced Obese Mice via Lipid Mobilization in White Adipose Tissue

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ri Ryu ◽  
Eun-Young Kwon ◽  
Ji-Young Choi ◽  
Jong Cheol Shon ◽  
Kwang-Hyeon Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Lipid Mobilization ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Brown Adipose

This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. against obesity and diabetes, by comparing the transcriptional changes in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) with those of the bioactive compound in C. morifolium, luteolin (LU). Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet, high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with 1.5% w/w chrysanthemum leaf ethanol extract (CLE) for 16 weeks. Supplementation with CLE and LU significantly decreased the body weight gain and eWAT weight by stimulating mRNA expressions for thermogenesis and energy expenditure in eWAT via lipid mobilization, which may be linked to the attenuation of dyslipidemia. Furthermore, CLE and LU increased uncoupling protein-1 protein expression in brown adipose tissue, leading to energy expenditure. Of note, CLE and LU supplements enhanced the balance between lipid storage and mobilization in white adipose tissue (WAT), in turn, inhibiting adipocyte inflammation and lipotoxicity of peripheral tissues. Moreover, CLE and LU attenuated hepatic steatosis by suppressing hepatic lipogenesis, thereby ameliorating insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Our data suggest that CLE helps inhibit obesity and its comorbidities via the complex interplay between liver and WAT in diet-induced obese mice.

scholarly journals Direct Delivery of Metformin to Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue and Brown Adipose Tissue for Combating Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1603-1603
Author(s):  
Mehrnaz Abbasi ◽  
Shu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
P Value ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Direct Delivery

Abstract Objectives Obesity and its comorbidities are major public health problems worldwide. The transformation of white adipose tissue (WAT) to brown adipose tissue (BAT); browning of WAT, may serve as a promising strategy for combating obesity. Metformin is not only the first line of drug for type 2 diabetes but also has an anti-obesity potential. Emerging evidence suggests that metformin can reduce body weight and enhance energy expenditure via activating BAT or browning of WAT. However, metformin delivery to adipose tissue is limited due to the lack of adipocyte-specific surface markers. Thus, the direct injection might be an alternative. Methods ApoE3-Leiden.human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (E3L.CETP) mice (5 mice/group) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 15 weeks. From week 10 to 15, mice were randomly divided into 3 groups as 1. Metformin inguinal WAT (IgWAT) injection, 2. Metformin delivery to interscapular BAT (IBAT) and 3. Saline IgWAT injection (HFD control). Mice received injections twice per week (40 mg/kg/week). Bodyweight (BW), body composition, food intake, energy expenditure and glucose tolerance test (GTT) were measured. Gene expression of beige or brown makers was analyzed using real time-PCR. Results Compared to HFD control mice, IgWAT- and IBAT-treated mice lost 2.16% and 1.9% more of their body fat, respectively (P-value &lt; 0.001). IgWAT- and IBAT-treated mice had 1.09- and 1.24-fold lower area under the curve calculated from the GTT time course than HFD control mice, respectively, but the differences were not statistically significant. The metabolic cage data indicated that both IgWAT- and IBAT-treated mice compared to HFD control mice had significantly decreased respiration exchange ratio (RER) (P &lt; 0.0001). IgWAT-treated mice had significantly lower IgWAT weight than the HFD control mice (P &lt; 0.05). IgWAT-treated compared to HFD control mice had 1.5-, 2-, 2.7- and 3-fold higher expression of UCP1, PRDM16, TMEM26 and Elovl3 in IgWAT, respectively. Conclusions This study demonstrated that local delivery of metformin to IgWAT and IBAT decreased BW and fat mass, which were associated with reduced RER and improved glucose homeostasis. Direct delivery of metformin to IgWAT and IBAT might be an efficient approach for combating obesity via inducing IgWAT browning and enhancing IBAT activity. Funding Sources NIH 1R15AT010395 and AHA 19AIREA34480011.

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