scholarly journals Maternal and Paternal Attachment Style and Chaos as Risk Factors for Parenting Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharathi J. Zvara ◽  
Christine Lathren ◽  
Roger Mills‐Koonce ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Parenting Behavior ◽  
Paternal Attachment

scholarly journals Risk factors and the prevalence of anorexia nervosa among female students in Serbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Lazarevic ◽  
Borjanka Batinic ◽  
Tatjana Vukosavljevic-Gvozden
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

Background/Aim. The widespread symptoms of anorexia nervosa (AN) in young women require to draw professional attention to this problem in Serbia. In previous research on AN, insecure attachment styles, perfectionism and concerns about body shape were identified as notable risk factors. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of AN among female students and assess the importance of these factors in its development. Methods. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40), the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR), the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) were applied to a sample of 500 randomly selected female students of the University of Belgrade, the mean age of 22.44 years (min 18, max 35). In addition, Body Mass Index (BMI) was also calculated. Results. Although 38 (7.6%) female students displayed symptoms of AN (EAT > 30) and 13 (2.6%) had BMI indicating anorexia nervosa syndrome (BMI ? 17.50 kg/m2), only 1 (0.2%) student fulfilled both criteria. The majority of female students (60.4%) had some type of insecure attachment style. There is a significant influence of attachment styles on symptoms of AN: female students with insecure attachment styles have a significantly higher mean score on the EAT compared to those with secure attachment style (F = 7.873; p < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between scores on the EAT and FMPS (r = 0.217; p < 0.01), and scores on the EAT and BSQ (r = 0.388; p < 0.01). Conclusions. The obtained results show the prevalence of AN of 0.2% among female students and indicate the importance of insecure attachment styles, perfectionism and concern about body shape as risk factors. Activities for the prevention of AN in this subpopulation should include internet-based therapy and special counseling services with specific programs focusing on emotion-regulation skills through mindfulness, acceptance and commitment techniques, as well as specific cognitive-behavioral techniques.

scholarly journals Attachment, Emotion Recognition and Impulsivity: As A Risk of Child Sexual Abuse

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Esra Demirci ◽  
Didem Behice Öztop ◽  
Sevgi Özmen ◽  
Çağlar Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Clinical Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Paternal Attachment ◽  
Clinical Risk ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
Clinical Risks

Introduction: It has been reported that certain children are more at risk of sexual abuse: these risks factors are defined as individual, familial, social and institutional factors. Although; data from clinical risks in the literature is limited. In this study, we aimed to determine the clinical risk factors of sexual abuse. Methods: 22 female and 12 male, sexual abused children and 34 healthy volunteer children were involved in this study. Patients and volunteers were assessed with the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Reading Mind from Eyes Test (RMET) and the UPPS impulsive behavior scale. Results: There were no significant differences in maternal attachment scores in either group but the paternal attachment scores were statistically significantly lower in the study group. The RMET scores were statistically significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. The UPPS impulsive behavior scale unpersistence subscores were statistically significantly higher in the study group than in the control group. Conclusion: Sexual abuse is known as the most difficult type of trauma to treat and preventing the risk of identification is of the most importance. Further studies with a large sample are needed to determine the clinical risk factors of sexual abuse.

The role of child maltreatment and attachment style in adolescent relationship violence

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINE WEKERLE ◽  
DAVID A. WOLFE
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Relationship Violence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Important Relationship

Utilizing attachment theory as a basis for conceptualizing close relationships among adolescents, this study investigated two important relationship risk factors (child maltreatment, and adolescent self-perceived insecure attachment style) as predictors of “offender” and “victim” experiences in youth relationships. In addition to considering the influence of these risk factors, we further considered their interaction in predicting conflict in close relationships. Of interest was the extent to which attachment styles may function as a moderator of the relationship between childhood abuse and current abuse in teen close relationships. High school students (N = 321) in grades 9 and 10 completed questionnaires tapping their histories of maltreatment, currently viewed styles of attachment, and conflict in close relationships over the past 6 months. Maltreatment alone emerged as the most consistent predictor, accounting for 13–18% of the variance in male's physically, sexually, and verbally abusive behaviors; in contrast, it was not highly predictive of female's abusive behaviors. Maltreatment was predictive of victimization experiences for both males and females. Attachment style did not substantially add to the prediction of relationship conflict beyond maltreatment; however, avoidant attachment style emerged repeatedly as a significant predictor of female abusiveness and victimization. Attachment self-ratings were found to function as a moderator of child maltreatment in predicting primarily male coercive behavior towards a relationship partner as well as predicting male's experience of coercion from a partner. Thus, the presence of childhood maltreatment and adolescent self-perceived insecure attachment style applies predominantly to male youth. The implication of these gender differences for understanding relationship violence is discussed.

scholarly journals Adult attachment style and stress as risk factors for early maternal sensitivity and negativity

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Roger Mills-Koonce ◽  
Karen Appleyard ◽  
Melissa Barnett ◽  
Min Deng ◽  
Martha Putallaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Maternal Sensitivity ◽  
Adult Attachment Style

scholarly journals Effects of family risk on early attachment security: Gender-specific susceptibility and mediation by parenting behavior

2022 ◽  
pp. 251610322110654
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gerlach ◽  
Judith M. Fößel ◽  
Marc Vierhaus ◽  
Alexandra Sann ◽  
Andreas Eickhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Parenting Behavior ◽  
Family Risk Factors ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
Early Attachment ◽  
Risk Environments

Growing up in high-risk environments is detrimental to children’s development of attachment security. Parenting behavior is hypothesized to be the mechanism through which risks exert their influence. However, risk influences can vary between individuals by gender. Aim of this study was to explore specific pathways of family risk on early attachment security and additionally examine the transmission via parenting behavior. The sample consisted of 197 children and their primary caregivers. Children’s age ranged between 10 and 21 months ( M = 15.25, SD = 3.59). Data assessment included 21 distal and proximal family risk factors, children’s attachment security, and parental responsivity and supportive presence. Whereas distal risk factors had an adverse effect only on girls’ attachment security, proximal risks negatively affected only boys’ attachment security. Additionally, patterns of risk factors occurring in our sample were analyzed using an exploratory principal component analysis. Regardless of the child’s gender, a low socio- economic status was negatively related to attachment security of all children. Migration and crowding and a high emotional load of the primary caregiver both negatively predicted girls’ but not boys’ attachment security. However, the attachment security of boys was affected by a negative family climate. Most of the adverse risk effects on attachment security were mediated by parental responsivity and supportive presence so that the transmission of risk occurs through parenting behavior. Results revealed a different susceptibility of family risks for girls and boys. The consideration of a gender-sensitive approach in developmental psychopathology and interventions of developmental child welfare services is recommended.

scholarly journals The Influence of Family Structure and Adult Attachment Style on Theft Behaviors in Men: a Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Jiajun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Adult Attachment Style ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Preoccupied Attachment

Abstract Background: Theft has leaded to significant costs to commerce and legal system, but its psychological mechanisms and risk factors are barely explored. This study aims to investigate the influence of family structure and adult attachment style on theft behaviors in men. Methods: 257 men with a conviction for theft (theft group) and 405 male college students (control group) were interviewed with Experiences in Close Relationships Scale and a general questionnaire about socio-demographic information, family structure and criminal records. Results: Compared with control group, long-term residency, family economic situation, number of siblings, father’s presence before 5 years old, parents’ state of existence and parents’ marital status of theft group were significantly different (P<0.05). Living in urban area, from relatively poor family, not living with father before 5 years old and parents not divorced increased the likelihood of theft in men (P<0.05). While father not alive and having no siblings decreased the likelihood of theft in men (P<0.05). Then theft group was further divided into first offender group and recidivist group. First offender group had a significantly higher proportion of living with mother/father before 5 years old and father alive than recidivist group (P<0.05). Not living with mother before 5 years old and father not alive increased the possibility of multiple thefts, while preoccupied attachment decreased such possibility (P<0.05). Conclusions: This study suggested that risk factors for theft and multiple thefts were different. A variety of targeted strategies related to family structure and attachment styles are needed to prevent theft from occurring and reoccurring.

Maternal discourse, attachment-related risk, and current risk factors: Associations with maternal parenting behavior during foster care visits

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Schoppe-Sullivan ◽  
Sarah C. Mangelsdorf ◽  
Wendy L. Haight ◽  
James E. Black ◽  
Margaret Szewczyk Sokolowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Parenting Behavior ◽  
Maternal Parenting ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Maternal Discourse ◽  
Current Risk
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