“Don’t you care about the well‐being of your race?”: African American couples discuss racial differences involving criticisms of other Black people

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalonda Kelly ◽  
Tara Kellman
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Black People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
African American Couples

scholarly journals Mean Level and Variability in Affect and Perceived Regard: A Dyadic Daily Diary Study of African American Couples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betul Urganci ◽  
Anthony Ong ◽  
Anthony L. Burrow ◽  
Tracy DeHart
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dyadic Analysis ◽  
Daily Diary Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
African American Couples

High levels of positive affect and low levels of negative affect have been repeatedly tied to better individual and relational well-being. However, research has largely focused on mean levels of affect whereas the day-to-day unfolding of affect and its impact on romantic relationships remain unclear. Here, we examined the links between affect variability, mean levels of affect, and changes in perceptions of partner regard —the extent to which people believe that their partners value and accept them—. One hundred and eighty African American couples (N = 360) reported how positively they thought their partner viewed them in two sessions (T1 and T2), separated by a 21-day diary burst in which participants reported on their positive and negative affect. Using a dyadic analysis, we found that high levels of actor negative affect variability were associated with lower positive perceived regard at T2 controlling for perceived regard at T1. This finding did not hold when controlling for mean levels of actor and partner negative affect. There is no evidence of positive affect variability on perceived regard, but the mean level of actor positive affect was associated with more favorable perceived regard. These results highlight the importance of controlling for mean levels of affect when examining affect dynamics.

scholarly journals LAY YOUR BURDENS DOWN: DEFERRED RELIGIOUS COPING AS A MARITAL STRESS BUFFER FOR OLDER AFRICAN AMERICAN COUPLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S932-S933
Author(s):  
Antonius D Skipper
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
African American Families ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Open Coding ◽  
Work Family ◽  
African American Couples ◽  
American Families

Abstract Although growing bodies of research explore the dynamics of minority families, few consider the African American family from a strengths-focused perspective. Stressors that threaten familial stability, such as financial strain, health disparities, and sporadic employment, disproportionately affect African American families and contribute to high rates of dissolution. In response, African American families often rely on religion as a source of coping and resilience. While existing literature adequately captures the frequency of religious-based responses to stress, opportunities to examine the nuances and underlying processes of religious coping for African American families exist. This study addresses the need to move beyond the broad measures of religiosity and religious coping, in exchange for a more in-depth exploration of how various forms of religious coping, specifically deferred coping, impact well-being. Deferred religious coping is characterized as a complete reliance on a higher power during a time of stress. Thirty-five older African American couples (N=70 individuals), representing 11 states in the U.S., were interviewed regarding the dynamics of deferred religious coping in the marital dyad. Following the digital recording and transcription of the narrative data, the interviews were analyzed with an open coding procedure consistent with grounded theory and Numeric Content Analysis (Marks, 2015). Analyses reveal that nearly 75% of the couples interviewed utilized deferred religious coping in response to stressors that could threaten marital stability. Further, salient themes include: (1) The Three-Party, Divine Triangle of Marriage, (2) Deferring Health Problems Reduces Worry, and (3) A Healthy Work-Family-Prayer Balance. Implications for practice are also discussed.

The Association Between Psychological Well-Being and Intersectional Awareness: Clarifying the Role of Identity Privilege and Critical Consciousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
Lydia S. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Critical Consciousness ◽  
Black People ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Critical Action

The goal of these 2 studies was to clarify the association between intersectional awareness (IA) and psychological well-being (PWB). Past research on this association has been mixed, with some studies identifying positive well-being outcomes (e.g., Fischer & Good, 2004; Yakushko, 2007) and others identifying negative well-being outcomes (e.g., Curtin et al., 2015; Greenwood, 2008). Study 1 examined the role of identity privilege, predicting that identity privilege would moderate the relationship between IA and well-being. Analyses indicated a positive relationship between IA and well-being, regardless of identity privilege (β = .19). Study 2 examined the role of identity privilege and identity group, as well as the role of critical consciousness and its factors: egalitarianism (CC-Eg) and critical action (CC-CA), predicting that any association between IA and well-being would be present for participants with high CC-CA, and intensified by CC-Eg. Analyses indicated that the overall relationship between IA and well-being was insignificant, but CC-Eg played the most important role in predicting well-being by interacting separately with IA (β = .20) and CC-CA (β = .22). Study 2 found that the association between IA and well-being was positive only for African American and Black people. Studies 1 and 2 suggest that the factors of critical consciousness uniquely interact with IA as it relates to well-being and that this association may be especially important for African American and Black people. These studies provide future researchers and mental health professionals with a framework for understanding how opinions and awareness of intersecting social hierarchies and injustices may be related to PWB.

scholarly journals The U.S. Racial Structure and Ethno-Racial Inequality in Urban Neighborhood Crime, 2010–2013

2020 ◽  
pp. 233264922094855
Author(s):  
Lauren J. Krivo ◽  
Christopher J. Lyons ◽  
María B. Vélez
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Neighborhood Crime ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Structural Perspective

Stark ethno-racial differences in reported neighborhood crime are a major facet of contemporary U.S. inequality. However, the most generalizable research on neighborhood inequality in crime across cities is only for 2000. Many of the underpinnings of crime have changed since 2000—increases in socioeconomic segregation, the Great Recession and attendant housing crisis, the continuation of the crime decline, shifting trends in incarceration and other types of social control, and small decreases in racial residential segregation. We provide a much-needed assessment of whether ethno-racial reported neighborhood crime disparities have increased, remained stable, or decreased in the contemporary period. We invoke a racial structural perspective that traces ethno-racial disparities in neighborhood crime to the divergent community conditions emblematic of the U.S. racial hierarchy. Using newly collected data for 8,557 neighborhoods in 71 large U.S. cities for 2010–2013, we demonstrate that violent and property crime is lower in White, African American, Latino, minority, and multiethnic neighborhoods than in 2000. However, smaller relative decreases in African American neighborhoods widened the relative crime gap from other ethno-racial communities. Supporting the racial structural perspective, large ethno-racial inequalities in neighborhood well-being account for most of the crime gaps, with disadvantage and residential lending being most important. This suggests that non-White neighborhoods need economic investments to reduce the harmful and inequitable consequences of neighborhood crime.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Coping with Racism: African American Experience and Empowerment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Jacob ◽  
Monnica T. Williams ◽  
Naomi S. Faber ◽  
Sonya Faber
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
African American ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Black People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Current State ◽  
American Society

Black men and women encounter multiple forms of racism in American society and require numerous strategies to manage the stress associated with these experiences. This chapter reviews the current state of the literature regarding Black people and how they cope with racism. Findings demonstrate that Black people tend to cope with racism through social support, religion, avoidance, and problem-focused coping, with some gender differences in coping approaches. We also contrast functional versus dysfunctional coping approaches and underscore the importance of empowerment to promote well-being and social change. Limitations of this review include the predominance of American-based samples used in the literature, which often excludes other Black ethnic and national groups. Further, the experiences of other Black intersectional identities are not well represented in the literature and require more study as their experiences of coping with racism may differ.

The Legal System and Its African American Constituents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Gibson ◽  
Michael J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Black People ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
Linked Fate ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Legal Legitimacy ◽  
Black Public Opinion ◽  
Representative Samples

Despite popular reports that the legal system is in a state of crisis with respect to its African American constituents, research on black public opinion in general is limited owing to the difficulty and expense of assembling representative samples of minorities. We suspect that the story of lagging legal legitimacy among African Americans is in fact quite a bit more nuanced than is often portrayed. In particular, black public opinion is unlikely to be uniform and homogeneous; black people most likely vary in their attitudes toward law and legal institutions. Especially significant is variability in the experiences—personal and vicarious—black people have had with legal authorities (e.g., “stop-and-frisk”), and the nature of individuals’ attachment to blacks as a group (e.g., “linked fate”). We posit that both experiences and in-group identities are commanding because they influence the ways in which black people process information, and in particular, the ways in which blacks react to the symbols of legal authority (e.g., judges’ robes).

“I LEAVE YOU LOVE”: African American Women as Collectors in, of, and through, the Arts

Collections ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 113-166
Author(s):  
Lisa Pertillar Brevard
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Black People ◽  
Government Service ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
American Women ◽  
World Citizenship ◽  
Direct Descendant ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Just Society

In her last will and testament, educator-activist Mary McLeod Bethune (1875–1955) declared, “I LEAVE YOU LOVE. Love builds.” A direct descendant of former chattel slaves, Bethune believed in building from the bottom up: beginning with love, or positive thoughts, and manifesting those thoughts. By accretion of goods and goodwill, she built not only a physical school which fostered the arts as a bridge toward world citizenship for disenfranchised black people but also a school of thought, extending to encompass purposeful government service at local and federal levels, toward achieving a just society. Bethune’s determined example of building by accretion informs and helps us to better understand and articulate a wide variety of African American women’s collecting in, of, and through, the arts. This article explores and defines—according to philosophy, purpose, practice, type, scope, and audience—various examples of collecting and collections among selected African American women in the arts, many of whom became contributors to, and subjects of, various collections.

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