The impact of solar ultraviolet radiation on fish: Immunomodulation and photoprotective strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl P. Lawrence ◽  
Antony R. Young ◽  
Brian L. Diffey ◽  
Mary Norval
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (23) ◽  
pp. 28730-28736
Author(s):  
Atif Ali ◽  
Hira Khan ◽  
Raheem Bahadar ◽  
Asma Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Hassham Hassan Bin Asad

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caradee Y. Wright ◽  
Mary Norval ◽  
Beverley Summers ◽  
Lester Davids ◽  
Gerrie Coetzee ◽  
...  

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
D. Jean du Preez ◽  
Hassan Bencherif ◽  
Thierry Portafaix ◽  
Kévin Lamy ◽  
Caradee Yael Wright

Biomass burning has an impact on atmospheric composition as well as human health and wellbeing. In South Africa, the biomass burning season extends from July to October and affects the aerosol loading and tropospheric ozone concentrations which in turn impact solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) levels at the surface. Using ground-based observations of aerosols, tropospheric ozone and solar UVR (as well as modelled solar UVR) we investigated the impact of aerosols and tropospheric ozone on solar UVR in August, September, and October over Pretoria. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and tropospheric ozone reached a peak between September and October each year. On clear-sky days, the average relative difference between the modelled and observed solar Ultraviolet Index (UVI) levels (a standard indicator of surface UVR) at solar noon was 7%. Using modelled UVR—which included and excluded the effects of aerosols and tropospheric ozone from biomass burning—aerosols had a larger radiative effect compared to tropospheric ozone on UVI levels during the biomass burning season. Excluding only aerosols resulted in a 10% difference between the modelled and observed UVI, while excluding only tropospheric ozone resulted in a difference of −2%. Further understanding of the radiative effect of aerosols and trace gases, particularly in regions that are affected by emissions from biomass burning, is considered important for future research.


1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulien Adamse ◽  
Herbert E. Reed ◽  
Donald T. Krizek ◽  
Steven J. Britz ◽  
Roman M. Mirecki

2003 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 603 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Oppenrieder ◽  
P. Hoeppe ◽  
P. Koepke ◽  
J. Reuder ◽  
J. Schween ◽  
...  

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