Decrease of Ceramides with Long‐Chain Fatty Acids in Psoriasis: Possible Inhibitory Effect of Interferon Gamma on Chain Elongation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo‐Kyung Kim ◽  
Jong Cheol Shon ◽  
Hee Seok Seo ◽  
Kwang‐Hyeon Liu ◽  
Jong Won Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Metabolism of saturated and polyunsaturated very-long-chain fatty acids in fibroblasts from patients with defects in peroxisomal β-oxidation

1990 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Street ◽  
H Singh ◽  
A Poulos
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The metabolism of [1-14C]lignoceric acid (C24:0) and [1-14C]tetracosatetraenoic acid (C24:4, n-6) was studied in normal skin fibroblast cultures and in cultures from patients with defects in peroxisomal β-oxidation (but normal peroxisomal numbers). Cells from X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) patients with a presumed defect in a peroxisomal acyl-CoA synthetase, specific for fatty acids of carbon chain lengths greater than 22 (very-long-chain fatty acids; VLCFA), showed a relatively normal production of radiolabelled CO2 and water-soluble metabolites from [1-14C]C24:0. However, the products of synthesis from acetate de novo (released by β-oxidation), i.e. C16 and C18 fatty acids, were decreased, and carbon chain elongation of the fatty acid was increased. In contrast, cell lines from two patients with an unidentified lesion in peroxisomal β-oxidation (peroxisomal disease, PD) showed a marked deficiency in CO2 and water-soluble metabolite production, a decreased synthesis of C16 and C18 fatty acids and an increase in carbon chain elongation. The relatively normal β-oxidation activity of ALD cells appears to be related to low uptake of substrate, as a defect in β-oxidation is apparent when measurements are performed on cell suspensions under high uptake conditions. Oxidation of [1-14C]C24:4 was relatively normal in ALD cells and in the cells from one PD patient but abnormal in those from the other. Our data suggest that, despite the deficiency in VLCFA CoA synthetase, ALD cells retain a near normal ability to oxidize both saturated and polyunsaturated VLCFA under some culture conditions. However, acetate released by β-oxidation of the saturated VLCFA and, to a much lesser degree, the polyunsaturated VLCFA, appears to be used preferentially for the production of CO2 and water-soluble products, and acetate availability for fatty acid synthesis in other subcellular compartments is markedly decreased. It is likely that the increased carbon chain elongation of the saturated VLCFA which is also observed reflects the increased availability of substrate (C24:0) and/or an increase in microsomal elongation activity in ALD cells.

scholarly journals Erratum to “Inhibitory Effect of Long-Chain Fatty Acids on Biogas Production and the Protective Effect of Membrane Bioreactor”

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Triwulan Dasa ◽  
Supansa Y. Westman ◽  
Ria Millati ◽  
Muhammad Nur Cahyanto ◽  
Mohammad J. Taherzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Biosynthetic studies of marine lipids. 17. The course of chain elongation and desaturation in long-chain fatty acids of marine sponges

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (24) ◽  
pp. 8117-8124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soonkap. Hahn ◽  
Ivan L. Stoilov ◽  
T. B. Tam. Ha ◽  
Daniel. Raederstorff ◽  
George A. Doss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Marine Lipids ◽  
Biosynthetic Studies ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Structure and lipid distribution of polyenoic very-long-chain fatty acids in the brain of peroxisome-deficient patients (Zellweger syndrome)

1987 ◽  
Vol 248 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sharp ◽  
A Poulos ◽  
A Fellenberg ◽  
D Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Zellweger Syndrome ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The polyenoic fatty acids with carbon chain lengths from 26 to 38 (very-long-chain fatty acids, VLCFA) previously detected in abnormal amounts in Zellweger syndrome brain have been shown to be n-6 derivatives and therefore probably derived by chain elongation of shorter-chain n-6 fatty acids such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. Polyenoic VLCFA are also present in Zellweger syndrome liver, but this tissue differs significantly from brain in that the saturated and mono-unsaturated derivatives are the major VLCFA. Zellweger syndrome brain polyenoic VLCFA are present in the neutral lipids predominantly in cholesterol esters, with smaller amounts in the non-esterified fatty acid and triacylglycerol fractions. These fatty acids are barely detectable in any of the major phospholipids, but are present in significant amounts in an unidentified minor phospholipid. The polyenoic VLCFA composition of this lipid differs markedly from that observed for all other lipids, as it contains high proportions of pentaenoic and hexaenoic fatty acids with 34, 36 and 38 carbon atoms. A polar lipid with the chromatographic properties in normal brain contains similar fatty acids. It is postulated that the polyenoic VLCFA may play an important role in normal brain and accumulate in Zellweger syndrome brain because of a deficiency in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, although a possible peroxisomal role in the control of carbon-chain elongation cannot be discounted.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Long-Chain Fatty Acids on Biogas Production and the Protective Effect of Membrane Bioreactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Triwulan Dasa ◽  
Supansa Y. Westman ◽  
Ria Millati ◽  
Muhammad Nur Cahyanto ◽  
Mohammad J. Taherzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Anaerobic digestion of lipid-containing wastes for biogas production is often hampered by the inhibitory effect of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). In this study, the inhibitory effects of LCFAs (palmitic, stearic, and oleic acid) on biogas production as well as the protective effect of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) against LCFAs were examined in thermophilic batch digesters. The results showed that palmitic and oleic acid with concentrations of 3.0 and 4.5 g/L resulted in >50% inhibition on the biogas production, while stearic acid had an even stronger inhibitory effect. The encased cells in the MBR system were able to perform better in the presence of LCFAs. This system exhibited a significantly lower percentage of inhibition than the free cell system, not reaching over 50% at any LCFA concentration tested.

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