Phylogenetic patterns of trait and trait plasticity evolution: Insights from tadpoles

Evolution ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 2568-2588
Author(s):  
Rick A. Relyea ◽  
Patrick R. Stephens ◽  
John I. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Trait Plasticity

scholarly journals “Trait plasticity and tradeoffs shape intraspecific variation in competitive response in a foundation tree species”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia L. Cope ◽  
Richard L. Lindroth ◽  
Andrew Helm ◽  
Ken Keefover‐Ring ◽  
Eric L. Kruger
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Competitive Response ◽  
Trait Plasticity

Does trait plasticity of three boreal nutrient-conserving species relate to their competitive ability?

Ecoscience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Hébert ◽  
Nelson Thiffault ◽  
Alison D. Munson
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Trait Plasticity

scholarly journals Functional Trait Plasticity but Not Coordination Differs in Absorptive and Transport Fine Roots in Response to Soil Depth

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zhongyue Li ◽  
Zhengquan Wang ◽  
Jiacun Gu
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Trait Plasticity

Absorptive and transport fine roots (diameter ≤ 2 mm) differ greatly in anatomy, morphology, and physiology, as well as their responses to environmental changes. However, it is still not well understood how their functional traits and biomass repartition respond to resource variability associated with increasing soil depth. Herein, we sampled the first five order roots of three hardwoods, i.e., Juglans mandshurica Maxim., Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr., and Phellodendron amurense Rupr. at surface (0–10 cm) and subsurface (20–30 cm) soil layers, respectively, and measured root biomass, anatomy, morphology, chemistry, and physiology at the branch-order level. Based on the anatomical characteristics, absorptive and transport fine roots were identified within each order, and their amounts and functional trait plasticity to soil depth were examined. The results showed that across soil layers, the first three order roots were mainly absorptive roots, while the fourth- and fifth-order roots were transport ones. From surface to subsurface soil layers, both the number and biomass proportion of absorptive fine roots decreased but those of transport fine roots increased. Transport fine root traits were more plastic to soil depth than absorptive ones, especially for the conduit-related traits. Absorptive fine roots in surface soil generally had stronger potential for resource acquisition than those in deeper soil, as indicated by their longer specific root length and greater root branching density. In comparison, transport fine roots in deeper soil were generally enhanced in their transportation function, with wider stele and higher hydraulic conductivity. Our findings suggest that functional specialization via multi-trait plasticity and coordination in both absorptive and transport fine roots along the soil depth would benefit the efficient soil resource exploitation of trees in forest ecosystems.

Low Inbreeding Depression and High Plasticity under Abiotic Stress in the Tall Morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea)

Weed Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase M. Mason ◽  
Dorothy A. Christopher ◽  
Ashley M. Rea ◽  
Lauren A. Eserman ◽  
Alex J. Pilote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Evolutionary Ecology ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Trait Plasticity ◽  
Deleterious Alleles ◽  
Agricultural Weed

Weeds represent a major cause of agricultural losses worldwide. Most weeds share a common set of life history characteristics that predispose them to weediness, two of which are self-compatibility, which allows for ease of colonization through reproductive assurance, and high trait plasticity, which allows for tolerance of a wide variety of environments and abiotic conditions. However, self-fertilization typically comes at the cost of inbreeding depression. This study investigates the role of inbreeding depression and trait plasticity under abiotic stress in the tall morningglory, a widespread self-compatible agricultural weed in the southeastern United States. Results show very little inbreeding depression in this species, likely due to purging of deleterious alleles through repeated founder events in agricultural landscapes. In contrast, abiotic stress induced substantial plasticity in ecophysiological traits, reproductive traits, and biomass allocation. In terms of performance, drought sharply impacted reproduction but not vegetative growth, and nitrogen limitation sharply impacted both. These findings are applicable to the control of weedy morningglory and underscore the usefulness of evolutionary ecology to weed management.

scholarly journals Shoot–Root Interplay Mediates Defoliation-Induced Plant Legacy Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiliang Li ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Fenghui Guo ◽  
Junjie Duan ◽  
Juan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Legacy Effect ◽  
Trait Plasticity ◽  
Grassland Plants ◽  
Defoliation Treatment

Shoot defoliation by grazers or mowing can affect root traits of grassland species, which may subsequently affect its aboveground traits and ecosystem functioning (e.g., aboveground primary production). However, experimental evidence for such reciprocal feedback between shoots and roots is limited. We grew the perennial grass Leymus chinensis–common across the eastern Eurasian steppe–as model species in a controlled-hydroponics experiment, and then removed half of its shoots, half of its roots, or a combination of both. We measured a range of plant aboveground and belowground traits (e.g., phenotypic characteristics, photosynthetic traits, root architecture) in response to the shoot and/or root removal treatments. We found the regenerated biomass was less than the lost biomass under both shoot defoliation and root severance, generating a under-compensatory growth. Root biomass was reduced by 60.11% in the defoliation treatment, while root severance indirectly reduced shoot biomass by 40.49%, indicating a feedback loop between shoot and root growth. This defoliation-induced shoot–root feedback was mediated by the disproportionate response and allometry of plant traits. Further, the effect of shoot defoliation and root severance on trait plasticity of L. chinensis was sub-additive. That is, the combined effects of the two treatments were less than the sum of their independent effects, resulting in a buffering effect on the existing negative influences on plant persistence by increased photosynthesis. Our results highlight the key role of trait plasticity in driving shoot–root reciprocal feedbacks and growth persistence in grassland plants, especially perennial species. This knowledge adds to earlier findings of legacy effects and can be used to determine the resilience of grasslands.

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