Body size evolution in an old insect order: No evidence for Cope's Rule in spite of fitness benefits of large size

Evolution ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 2178-2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Waller ◽  
Erik I. Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Insect Order ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Fitness Benefits ◽  
Body Size Evolution ◽  
Cope’S Rule

The Island of Extremes: Giants and Dwarfs on a Small Remote Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Yuval Itescu ◽  
Johannes Foufopoulos ◽  
Rachel Schwarz ◽  
Petros Lymberakis ◽  
Alex Slavenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
Body Size Evolution ◽  
Remote Islands ◽  
First Time ◽  
Defensive Mechanism

Body size evolution on islands is widely studied and hotly debated. Gigantism and dwarfism are thought to evolve under strong natural selection, especially on small remote islands. We report a curious co-occurrence of both dwarf and giant lizards on the same small, remote island (Plakida): the largest Podarcis erhardii (Lacertidae) and smallest Mediodactylus kotschyi sensu lato; Gekkonidae — the two commonest insular reptiles in the Aegean Sea. The geckos of Plakida have a peculiar tail-waving behavior, documented here for the first time in this genus. We suspect that P. erhardii evolved large size to consume geckos and the geckos evolved a unique tail-waving behavior as a defensive mechanism.

scholarly journals Body Size Evolution in Extant Oryzomyini Rodents: Cope's Rule or Miniaturization?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e34654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Avaria-Llautureo ◽  
Cristián E. Hernández ◽  
Dusan Boric-Bargetto ◽  
Cristian B. Canales-Aguirre ◽  
Bryan Morales-Pallero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Body Size Evolution ◽  
Cope’S Rule

scholarly journals Correction: Body Size Evolution in Extant Oryzomyini Rodents: Cope's Rule or Miniaturization?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Avaria-Llautureo ◽  
Cristián E. Hernández ◽  
Dusan Boric-Bargetto ◽  
Cristian B. Canales-Aguirre ◽  
Bryan Morales-Pallero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Body Size Evolution ◽  
Cope’S Rule

scholarly journals Cope's rule and the adaptive landscape of dinosaur body size evolution

Palaeontology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger B. J. Benson ◽  
Gene Hunt ◽  
Matthew T. Carrano ◽  
Nicolás Campione
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Body Size Evolution ◽  
Cope’S Rule

Dinosaur Macroevolution and Macroecology

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger B.J. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Body Plan ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Species Diversification ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Body Size Evolution

Dinosaurs were large-bodied land animals of the Mesozoic that gave rise to birds. They played a fundamental role in structuring Jurassic–Cretaceous ecosystems and had physiology, growth, and reproductive biology unlike those of extant animals. These features have made them targets of theoretical macroecology. Dinosaurs achieved substantial structural diversity, and their fossil record documents the evolutionary assembly of the avian body plan. Phylogeny-based research has allowed new insights into dinosaur macroevolution, including the adaptive landscape of their body size evolution, patterns of species diversification, and the origins of birds and bird-like traits. Nevertheless, much remains unknown due to incompleteness of the fossil record at both local and global scales. This presents major challenges at the frontier of paleobiological research regarding tests of macroecological hypotheses and the effects of dinosaur biology, ecology, and life history on their macroevolution.

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