scholarly journals Experimental Determination of the Apparent Value for the First Dissociation Constant (pK1′) of the Plasma Carbonic Acid - Bicarbonate Buffer System in 115 Trained Standardbreds

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 21-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Constable ◽  
S Tinkler ◽  
A Demaree ◽  
L Couetil
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Dissociation Constant ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Buffer System ◽  
Bicarbonate Buffer

scholarly journals Copper Inhibits the Water and Glycerol Permeability of Aquaporin-3

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (50) ◽  
pp. 51939-51943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Zelenina ◽  
Simona Tritto ◽  
Alexander A. Bondar ◽  
Sergey Zelenin ◽  
Anita Aperia
Keyword(s):  
Wilson Disease ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Copper Metabolism ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Buffer System ◽  
Bicarbonate Buffer ◽  
Aquaporin 3 ◽  
Copper Poisoning ◽  
Glycerol Permeability

Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is an aquaglyceroporin expressed in erythrocytes and several other tissues. Erythrocytes are, together with kidney and liver, the main targets for copper toxicity. Here we report that both water and glycerol permeability of human AQP3 is inhibited by copper. Inhibition is fast, dose-dependent, and reversible. If copper is dissolved in carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer, the natural buffer system in our body, doses in the range of those observed in Wilson disease and in copper poisoning caused significant inhibition. AQP7, another aquaglyceroporin, was insensitive to copper. Three extracellular amino acid residues, Trp128, Ser152, and His241, were identified as responsible for the effect of copper on AQP3. We have previously shown that Ser152is involved in regulation of AQP3 by pH. The fact that Ser152mediates regulation of AQP3 by copper may explain the phenomenon of exquisite sensitivity of human erythrocytes to copper at acidic pH. When AQP3 was co-expressed with another AQP, only glycerol but not water permeability was inhibited by copper. Our results provide a better understanding of processes that occur in severe copper metabolism defects such as Wilson disease and in copper poisoning.

Experimental determination of a state equation for dissipative granular gases

1999 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1111-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Falcon ◽  
S. Fauve ◽  
C. Laroche
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Granular Gases
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