Controlled mechanical ventilation in equine anaesthesia: Physiological background and basic considerations (Part 1)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Moreno‐Martinez ◽  
M. Mosing ◽  
M. Senior
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Controlled Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Physiological Background

scholarly journals Transcriptome profiling of the diaphragm in a controlled mechanical ventilation model reveals key genes involved in ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruining Liu ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Haoli Ma ◽  
Xianlong Zhou ◽  
Pengcheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Diaphragmatic Dysfunction ◽  
Controlled Mechanical Ventilation

Abstract Background Ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD) is associated with weaning difficulties, intensive care unit hospitalization (ICU), infant mortality, and poor long-term clinical outcomes. The expression patterns of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in the diaphragm in a rat controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) model, however, remain to be investigated. Results The diaphragms of five male Wistar rats in a CMV group and five control Wistar rats were used to explore lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Muscle force measurements and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were used to verify the successful establishment of the CMV model. A total of 906 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 2,139 DE mRNAs were found in the CMV group. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to determine the biological functions or pathways of these DE mRNAs. Our results revealed that these DE mRNAs were related mainly related to complement and coagulation cascades, the PPAR signaling pathway, cholesterol metabolism, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and the AMPK signaling pathway. Some DE lncRNAs and DE mRNAs determined by RNA-seq were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), which exhibited trends similar to those observed by RNA-sEq. Co-expression network analysis indicated that three selected muscle atrophy-related mRNAs (Myog, Trim63, and Fbxo32) were coexpressed with relatively newly discovered DE lncRNAs. Conclusions This study provides a novel perspective on the molecular mechanism of DE lncRNAs and mRNAs in a CMV model, and indicates that the inflammatory signaling pathway and lipid metabolism may play important roles in the pathophysiological mechanism and progression of VIDD.

Pressure-controlled ventilation versus controlled mechanical ventilation with decelerating inspiratory flow

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1143-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAVIER MUÑOZ ◽  
JOSE EUGENIO GUERRERO ◽  
JOSE LUIS ESCALANTE ◽  
RICARDO PALOMINO ◽  
BRAULIO DE LA CALLE
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Inspiratory Flow ◽  
Controlled Ventilation ◽  
Pressure Controlled Ventilation ◽  
Controlled Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Pressure Controlled

Controversial Aspects of PEEP Ventilation in Emergency Medicine

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Dick ◽  
I. Schutz
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Therapeutic Measure ◽  
Controlled Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Pulmonary Changes ◽  
Peep Ventilation

Controlled mechanical ventilation using positive and expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a well-established therapeutic measure in intensive care. Its early application has been shown to markedly decrease morbidity and mortality, especially in polytraumatized patients with an acute respiratory distresss syndrome. It therefore seems reasonable to use positive end expiratory pressure as early as possible in the clinical treatment of emergency patients before extensive pulmonary changes have had time to develop completely.

Hemodynamic Effects of Synchronized High-frequency Jet Ventilation Compared with Low-frequency Intermittent Positive-pressure Ventilation after Myocardial Revascularization

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques-Andre Romand ◽  
Miriam M. Treggiari-Venzi ◽  
Thierry Bichel ◽  
Peter M. Suter ◽  
Michael R. Pinsky
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Jet Ventilation ◽  
High Frequency Jet Ventilation ◽  
Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Controlled Mechanical Ventilation

Background The purpose of this prospective study was to examine the effect on cardiac performance of selective increases in airway pressure at specific points of the cardiac cycle using synchronized high-frequency jet ventilation (sync-HFJV) delivered concomitantly with each single heart beat compared with controlled mechanical ventilation in 20 hemodynamically stable, deeply sedated patients immediately after coronary artery bypass graft. Methods Five 30-min sequential ventilation periods were used interspersing controlled mechanical ventilation with sync-HFJV twice to control for time and sequencing effects. Sync-HFJV was applied using a driving pressure, which generated a tidal volume resulting in gas exchanges close to those obtained on controlled mechanical ventilation and associated with the maximal mixed venous oxygen saturation. Hemodynamic variables including cardiac output, mixed venous oxygen saturation and vascular pressures were recorded at the end of each ventilation period. Results The authors found that in 20 patients, hemodynamic changes induced by controlled mechanical ventilation and by sync-HFJV were similar. Cardiac index did not change (mean +/- SD for controlled mechanical ventilation: 2.6 +/- 0.7 l x min(-1) x m(-2); for sync-HFJV: 2.7 +/- 0.7 l x min(-1) x m(-2); P value not significant). This observation persisted after stratification according to baseline left-ventricular contractility, as estimated by ejection fraction. Conclusions The authors conclude that after coronary artery bypass graft, if gas-exchange values are maintained within normal range, sync-HFJV does not result in more favorable hemodynamic support than controlled mechanical ventilation. These findings contrast with the beneficial effects of sync-HFJV, resulting in marked hypocapnia, on cardiac performance observed in patients with terminal left-ventricular failure.

Drs. Kattwinkel, Fanaroff and Klaus Reply

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-446
Author(s):  
John Kattwinkel ◽  
Avroy A. Fanaroff ◽  
Marshall H. Klaus
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Nasal Cpap ◽  
Controlled Mechanical Ventilation

We appreciate Drs. Gresheim and Schreiner's comments and are pleased to hear that they also are having good results with nasal CPAP. We have recently corresponded with a large number of neonatal centers who have been using nasal CPAP. Several of them noted that with endotracheal CPAP they too were able to improve oxygenation in a few babies who had "failed" the nasal approach. It certainly seems worth a try if the infant is not apneic, thus requiring controlled mechanical ventilation.

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