An investigation into the occurrence of, and risk factors for, concurrent suspensory ligament injuries in horses with hindlimb proximal suspensory desmopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (S10) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gruyaert ◽  
D. Pollard ◽  
S. J. Dyson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ligament Injuries ◽  
Suspensory Ligament

scholarly journals Pathogenesis and prevention strategies for equine tendinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Roger K.W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Suspensory Ligament ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon ◽  
External Trauma

Equine tendinopathy arises through two main mechanisms – external trauma or overstrain injury. The pathogenesis of the former is straight forward and prevention relies on avoiding risk factors for palmar/plantar lacerations and protecting the tendons through the use of boots. For over-strain injuries, these mostly arise from overloading of the distal limb resulting in mid-substance tearing of the digital flexor tendons or borders tears of the deep digital flexor tendon within the confines of the digital sheath and navicular bursa. While some of these injuries may be spontaneous injuries associated solely with overload (such as the intra-thecal injuries of the deep digital flexor tendon), it is widely accepted that most overstrain injuries of the superficial digital flexor tendon (and suspensory ligament) occur as a result of accumulated microdamage which predisposes the tendon to over-strain injury. The mechanisms of this accumulated microdamage are poorly understood but probably relate to the effect of high impact loading of the tendon, sustained during normal exercise, which drives degradative changes in the tendon fascicles (Dudhia et al. 2007) and, in particular, the interfascicular matrix (endotenon) that allows the fascicles to slide past one another as a mechanism for the spring-like extension of the tendon under load (Thorpe et al. 2013). This is compounded by the lack of adaptive remodelling in adult tendon (Smith et al. 2002). This subclinical damage makes the tendon prone to sudden tearing of the tendon matrix during normal exercise, the risk of which is increased by factors such as the firmness of the ground, weight, speed, and fatigue. Strategies for prevention of injury rely on identifying at risk individuals through more sensitive monitoring of tendon health, maximising the quality of tendon during growth using carefully tailored ‘conditioning’ exercise regimes (Smith & Goodship 2008), reducing the degeneration induced by normal training and competition, and avoiding high risk factors for the initiation of the clinical injury.

Non-contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Association Football: A study of Modifiable Neuromuscular Risk Factors among Top Tier Players in Malta

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Matthew Muscat-Inglott ◽  
Clayton Camilleri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ligament Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Local Risk ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Systemic Nature

Given the general prevalence and consequences of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in international football, a non-experimental quantitative observational study was designed to explore locally contextualised risk factors and injury outcomes among top tier male players in Malta. The repeated tuck jump assessment was selected as a convenient, unobtrusive and field-based primary data collection instrument for non-clinical assessment of neuromuscular and other risk factors, among a sample of 27 local premier league players. A final tally of 44.44% of the participants eventually exceeded a predetermined field test cut-off score, indicating the need for definitive preventive measures locally. There were no significant differences in scores between players of different teams, playing positions, preferred shoe brand, or dominant foot, further indicating a generally systemic nature to local risk factor exposure. The most frequently observed neuromuscular deficits were, specifically, trunk dominance and leg dominance, providing a clear indication of how future interventions or programmes in Malta might actually be structured and prioritised.

scholarly journals Appraising the Welfare of Thoroughbred Racehorses in Training in Queensland, Australia: The Incidence and Type of Musculoskeletal Injuries Vary between Two-Year-Old and Older Thoroughbred Racehorses

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie L. Crawford ◽  
Anna Finnane ◽  
Ristan M. Greer ◽  
Clive J. C. Phillips ◽  
Solomon M. Woldeyohannes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Sesamoid Bone ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Suspensory Ligament ◽  
Joint Injuries ◽  
Thoroughbred Racehorses ◽  
Period Data

Musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) remain a concerning cause of racehorse morbidity and mortality with important ethical and welfare consequences. Previous research examining risk factors for MSI report inconsistent findings. Age is thought to affect MSI risk, but, to date, there have been no prospective studies comparing MSI in two-year-old versus older horses. This study aimed to: (1) determine the incidence of MSI for two-year-old and older horses, and whether this was affected by training track, season, or rainfall, and (2) determine the types of MSI affecting two-year-old and older horses, and whether horses trialled or raced after injury. A prospective survey was conducted with data collected through personal structured weekly interviews with participating trainers over a 13-month period. Data were analysed using Poisson regression. The incidence of MSI in the current study was low (0.6%). The incidence of MSI in two-year-old horses was higher than older horses (p < 0.001). Types of MSI varied between two-year-old and older horses (p < 0.001) and affected whether horses subsequently trailed or raced from 11 to 23 months after injury (p < 0.001). A larger proportion of two-year-old horses had dorsal metacarpal disease and traumatic lacerations. A smaller proportion of two-year-old horses had suspensory ligament desmitis, superficial digital flexor tendonitis, proximal sesamoid bone fractures, and fetlock joint injuries than older horses. Training track and rainfall did not affect MSI. The season affected MSI in two-year-old horses (p < 0.001) but not older horses. The major limitation was that trainers in this study were metropolitan (city) and our findings may not be generalisable to racehorses in regional (country) areas. Another significant limitation was the assumption that MSI was the reason for failure to trial or race after injury. In conclusion, the incidence of MSI was low in the current study and the types and the risk factors for MSI are different for two-year-old and older horses.

Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letha Y. Griffin ◽  
Julie Agel ◽  
Marjorie J. Albohm ◽  
Elizabeth A. Arendt ◽  
Randall W. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Ligament Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate
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