Evidence of unidirectional hybridization and second‐generation adult hybrid between the two largest animals on Earth, the fin and blue whales

Prosody in first-generation adult immigrants and second-generation heritage-language users: the timing of prenuclear rising accents

10.21437/speechprosody.2018-167 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ineke Mennen ◽

Denise Chousi

Keyword(s):

Heritage Language ◽

First Generation ◽

Second Generation ◽

Generation Adult ◽

Adult Immigrants

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Water Loss and Desiccation Tolerance of the Two Yearly Generations of Adult and Nymphal Kudzu Bugs, Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae)

Environmental Entomology ◽

10.1093/ee/nvaa032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 651-659

Author(s):

Gokhan Benk ◽

Patrick J Thompson ◽

Xing P Hu ◽

Arthur G Appel

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Water Loss ◽

Desiccation Tolerance ◽

First Generation ◽

Second Generation ◽

Generation Adult ◽

Adult Females ◽

Soybean Pest ◽

Cuticular Permeability ◽

Total Body

Abstract Water loss rate, percentage total body water content (%TBW), cuticular permeability (CP), and desiccation tolerance were investigated in adult and immature stages of the invasive kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (Fab.) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), a serious soybean pest and an urban nuisance. Adults and all five nymphal instars were weighed prior to and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 24 h after desiccated at 30 ± 1°C and 0–2% RH. Both % initial mass and %TBW loss increased linearly with time of desiccation. Rates of loss ranged from approximately 1–7%/h. Mortality occurred at 10 h after desiccation. Desiccation tolerance (%TBW lost at death) ranged between 25.6% for first-generation adult females and 75% for first-generation fifth-instar nymphs. First-generation first-instar nymphs had significantly greater %TBW (88.9%) than the other generations and instars, whereas second-generation fifth instars had the lowest %TBW (62.4%). The CP value of first-generation adult females (12.3 ± 1.6 µg cm−1 h−1 mmHg−1) was the greatest across generations. First-generation first instars had the greatest mass loss (111.11 mg/g) among all instars and generations, whereas overwintered second-generation adult females had the lowest mass loss (18.39) across generations. This study demonstrated that desiccation stress differentially affected the survival of adult and nymphal kudzu bugs and may imply that environmental stress can affect the relative abundance of this species in the fields and around homes.

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Effects of Pre- and Postnatal Injections of “Smoking Doses” of Nicotine, or Vehicle Alone, on the Maternal Behavior and Second-Generation Adult Behavior of Roman High- and Low-Avoidance Rats

Effects of Nicotine on Biological Systems ◽

10.1007/978-3-0348-7457-1_61 ◽

1991 ◽

pp. 465-469 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. Driscoll ◽

C. Cohen ◽

P. Fackelman ◽

H. P. Lipp ◽

K. Bättig

Keyword(s):

Maternal Behavior ◽

Second Generation ◽

Adult Behavior ◽

Generation Adult

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Survival of Leafy Spurge Hawk Moths (Hyles euphorbiae) When Larvae Are Exposed to 2,4-D or Picloram

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00032085 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 429-431 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Norman E. Rees ◽

Peter K. Fay

Keyword(s):

Second Generation ◽

Larval Survival ◽

Leafy Spurge ◽

Hawk Moth ◽

Generation Adult ◽

Hyles Euphorbiae

Larvae of the leafy spurge hawk moth were sprayed with and/or were fed leafy spurge plants sprayed with 2,4-D or picloram. Larval survival was not affected from contact with the chemicals, from feeding on contaminated foliage, or from a combination of both. Viable second-generation adult moths were produced in all treatments. Thus, leafy spurge infested with the leafy spurge hawk moth can be sprayed with 2,4-D or picloram without injury to larvae that have reached the fourth or fifth instar stages.

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