scholarly journals The sexually dimorphic on the Y‐chromosome gene ( sdY ) is a conserved male‐specific Y‐chromosome sequence in many salmonids

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayaka Yano ◽  
Barbara Nicol ◽  
Elodie Jouanno ◽  
Edwige Quillet ◽  
Alexis Fostier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Chromosome Gene ◽  
Chromosome Sequence ◽  
Male Specific

DDX3Y, a Male-Specific Region of Y Chromosome Gene, May Modulate Neuronal Differentiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 3474-3483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haghighat Vakilian ◽  
Mehdi Mirzaei ◽  
Mehdi Sharifi Tabar ◽  
Paria Pooyan ◽  
Lida Habibi Rezaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Chromosome Gene ◽  
Male Specific

A mouse Y chromosome gene encoded by a region essential for spermatogenesis and expression of male-specific minor histocompatibility antigens

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 873-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Agulnik ◽  
Michael J. Mitchell ◽  
Jody L. Lerner ◽  
Diane R. Woods ◽  
Colin E. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Histocompatibility Antigens ◽  
Minor Histocompatibility Antigens ◽  
Chromosome Gene ◽  
Male Specific

scholarly journals The Snakeskin Gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis) Tends to Exhibit XX/XY Sex Determination

Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Thitipong Panthum ◽  
Nararat Laopichienpong ◽  
Ekaphan Kraichak ◽  
Worapong Singchat ◽  
Dung Ho My Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Determination System ◽  
Sex Determination System ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Determination Mechanism

The snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis) has a high meat yield and is one of the top five aquaculture freshwater fishes in Thailand. The species is not externally sexually dimorphic, and its sex determination system is unknown. Understanding the sex determination system of this species will contribute to its full-scale commercialization. In this study, a cytogenetic analysis did not reveal any between-sex differences in chromosomal patterns. However, we used genotyping-by-sequencing to identify 4 male-linked loci and 1 female-linked locus, indicating that the snakeskin gourami tends to exhibit an XX/XY sex determination system. However, we did not find any male-specific loci after filtering the loci for a ratio of 100:0 ratio of males:females. This suggests that the putative Y chromosome is young and that the sex determination region is cryptic. This approach provides solid information that can help identify the sex determination mechanism and potential sex determination regions in the snakeskin gourami, allowing further investigation of genetic improvements in the species.

scholarly journals Similarities and differences of X and Y chromosome homologous genes, SRY and SOX3, in regulating the renin-angiotensin system promoters

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano C. Araujo ◽  
Amy Milsted ◽  
Ingrid K. M. Watanabe ◽  
Helen L. Del Puerto ◽  
Robson A. S. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Chromosome Gene ◽  
Male Specific

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is subject to sex-specific modulation by hormones and gene products. However, sex differences in the balance between the vasoconstrictor/proliferative ACE/ANG II/AT1 axis, and the vasodilator/antiproliferative ACE2/ANG-(1–7)/MAS axis are poorly known. Data in the rat have suggested the male-specific Y-chromosome gene Sry to contribute to balance between these two axes, but why the testis-determining gene has these functions remains unknown. A combination of in silico genetic/protein comparisons, functional luciferase assays for promoters of the human RAS, and RNA-Seq profiling in rat were used to address if regulation of Sry on the RAS is conserved in the homologous X-chromosome gene, Sox3. Both SRY and SOX3 upregulated the promoter of Angiotensinogen ( AGT) and downregulated the promoters of ACE2, AT2, and MAS, likely through overlapping mechanisms. The regulation by both SRY and SOX3 on the MAS promoter indicates a cis regulation through multiple SOX binding sites. The Renin ( REN) promoter is upregulated by SRY and downregulated by SOX3, likely through trans and cis mechanisms, respectively. Sry transcripts are found in all analyzed male rat tissues including the kidney, while Sox3 transcripts are found only in the brain and testis, suggesting that the primary tissue for renin production (kidney) can only be regulated by SRY and not SOX3. These results suggest that SRY regulation of the RAS is partially shared with its X-chromosome homolog SOX3, but SRY gained a sex-specific control in the kidney for the rate-limiting step of the RAS, potentially resulting in male-specific blood pressure regulation.

scholarly journals Sex-specific neuroprotection by inhibition of the Y-chromosome gene, SRY, in experimental Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (33) ◽  
pp. 16577-16582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joohyung Lee ◽  
Paulo Pinares-Garcia ◽  
Hannah Loke ◽  
Seungmin Ham ◽  
Eric Vilain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Antisense Oligonucleotides ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Male Bias ◽  
Chromosome Gene ◽  
Male Specific

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder caused by the loss of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons. While the cause of DA cell loss in PD is unknown, male sex is a strong risk factor. Aside from the protective actions of sex hormones in females, emerging evidence suggests that sex-chromosome genes contribute to the male bias in PD. We previously showed that the Y-chromosome gene, SRY, directly regulates adult brain function in males independent of gonadal hormone influence. SRY protein colocalizes with DA neurons in the male substantia nigra, where it regulates DA biosynthesis and voluntary movement. Here we demonstrate that nigral SRY expression is highly and persistently up-regulated in animal and human cell culture models of PD. Remarkably, lowering nigral SRY expression with antisense oligonucleotides in male rats diminished motor deficits and nigral DA cell loss in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced and rotenone-induced rat models of PD. The protective effect of the SRY antisense oligonucleotides was associated with male-specific attenuation of DNA damage, mitochondrial degradation, and neuroinflammation in the toxin-induced rat models of PD. Moreover, reducing nigral SRY expression diminished or removed the male bias in nigrostriatal degeneration, mitochondrial degradation, DNA damage, and neuroinflammation in the 6-OHDA rat model of PD, suggesting that SRY directly contributes to the sex differences in PD. These findings demonstrate that SRY directs a previously unrecognized male-specific mechanism of DA cell death and suggests that suppressing nigral Sry synthesis represents a sex-specific strategy to slow or prevent DA cell loss in PD.

Fertile females of the mole Talpa occidentalis are phenotypic intersexes with ovotestes

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 1303-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jimenez ◽  
M. Burgos ◽  
A. Sanchez ◽  
A.H. Sinclair ◽  
F.J. Alarcon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sex Reversal ◽  
Chromosome Gene ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Testis Determining Gene

We investigated the origin of XX sex reversal in the insectivorous mole Talpa occidentalis. Cytogenetic, histological and hormonal studies indicate that all XX individuals analyzed from two different populations are true hermaphrodites, with ovotestes. This suggests that XX sex reversal may be the norm in this species. The intersexes are functional fertile females and the trait is transmitted and maintained in the population. Intersexes lack the Y chromosome gene SRY (sex determining region Y gene), shown to be the testis determining gene. These results suggest that XX intersex moles may have arisen from a mutation of a gene located downstream from SRY/TDY in the testis determining pathway.

scholarly journals Forensic application of Y-chromosomal STR analysis in Lithuanian population

Biologija ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giedrė Ruzgaitė ◽  
Marija Čaplinskienė ◽  
Rima Baranovienė ◽  
Jūratė Jankauskienė ◽  
Jolanta Kukienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Haplotype Frequency ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Match Probability ◽  
Str Analysis ◽  
Str Markers ◽  
Forensic Casework ◽  
Chromosome Gene

This paper presents a comprehensive Y-chromosomal STR haplotype analysis in the Lithuanian population in order to evaluate Lithuanians’ Y chromosome diversity, to infer genetic relations between Lithuanian and other European neighbouring populations and to introduce population reference data for generation of reliable Y-STR haplotype frequency estimates to be used in the quantitative assessment of Y-STR haplotype match in the forensic casework. Data were collected from the peripheral blood samples of 194 unrelated males throughout various regions of Lithuania. The amplification of 17 Y-STRs was carried out in one multiplex PCR using an  AmpFlSTR® Yfiler<sup>TM</sup> PCR Amplication Kit according to the supplier’s protocol. The results indicated that the Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity in the Lithuanian population rises as the  number of the  analyzed Y-STRs is increased. However, all additional Y-STR loci are not hypervariable and only their whole makes a large diversity of Y-STR haplotypes in Lithuanian males. The  analysis of molecular variance revealed low but significant interpopulation differences except the pair of Lithuanian and Latvian populations. The  phylogenetic analysis showed that the  clustered Y chromosome gene pool of Lithuanians and Latvians has a closer phylogenetic relation to Russian and Estonian populations and is less genetically related to other neighbouring populations of Belarus and Poland. Yet Y-STRs alleles and haplotypes differentiate effectively inside the  Lithuanian population and between Lithuanians and its geographical neighbours excluding the  Latvian population. Comparison of the Y-STR data suggests that Lithuanian and Latvian populations are closely related not only by geography and language but also by the Y chromosome gene pool represented by forensic Y-STR markers. Consequently, more forensic Y-STR markers should be included in the Y-STR haplotype in order to achieve a resolution between the  Y chromosomes of Lithuanian and Latvian males. Lithuanian Y-STR haplotype data were submitted to the 34th release of the Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database 3.0 for match probability calculations in the forensic casework.

Inhibition of Human Y Chromosome Gene, SRY, Promotes Naïve State of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4254-4261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Taleahmad ◽  
Mehdi Alikhani ◽  
Sepideh Mollamohammadi ◽  
Meisam Yousefi ◽  
Adeleh Taei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Chromosome Gene ◽  
Human Y Chromosome
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