scholarly journals Group‐level variation in co‐feeding tolerance between two sanctuary‐housed communities of chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes )

Ethology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin J.C. Leeuwen ◽  
Sanne Van Donink ◽  
Marcel Eens ◽  
Jeroen M.G. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Feeding Tolerance

Leaf swallowing behavior in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): biased learning and the emergence of group level cultural differences

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 871-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Huffman ◽  
Caterina Spiezio ◽  
Andrea Sgaravatti ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Leca
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Leaf Swallowing

Should I Use Fixed or Random Effects?

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom S. Clark ◽  
Drew A. Linzer
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Improve Model ◽  
Current Advice

Empirical analyses in social science frequently confront quantitative data that are clustered or grouped. To account for group-level variation and improve model fit, researchers will commonly specify either a fixed- or random-effects model. But current advice on which approach should be preferred, and under what conditions, remains vague and sometimes contradictory. This study performs a series of Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the total error due to bias and variance in the inferences of each model, for typical sizes and types of datasets encountered in applied research. The results offer a typology of dataset characteristics to help researchers choose a preferred model.

Absence of knowledge attribution and self-recognition in young chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Alyssa B. Rulf ◽  
Donna T. Bierschwale
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Knowledge Attribution ◽  
Self Recognition
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