Disentangling Relations among Repertoire Size, Song Rate, Signal Redundancy and Ambient Noise Level in European Songbird

Ethology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 734-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Deoniziak ◽  
Tomasz S. Osiejuk
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Repertoire Size ◽  
Ambient Noise Level ◽  
Song Rate

The Professional Voice and Airline Flight

1984 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Feder
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Standard Practice ◽  
Ambient Noise Level ◽  
Cabin Temperature ◽  
The World ◽  
Voice User ◽  
Professional Voice ◽  
Airline Flight

As the world shrinks and demands for quality performers precipitously increase around the globe, travel becomes an important part of the professional's life. The professional voice user may encounter many circumstances and situations over which he has little control and which may subject him to potential vocal irritation or injury. Airline travel is an aspect that, by and large, is uncontrollable but absolutely necessary for professional survival, yet it may have the potential for harm. The majority of airline traffic is carried by wide-bodied aircraft, mainly the Boeing 747 and 767, the Lockheed L1011, the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, and the European Airbus. Similar but smaller aircraft include the Boeing 707, 727, and 737 and the McDonnell Douglas DC-8 and DC-9. Basically, these aircraft appear to exhibit relatively similar in-flight environments, including ambient noise level, cabin temperature, pressurization, humidity, and ozone. Each of these factors will be discussed to clarify aspects of flight which have been taken for granted, about which there have been misconceptions, or which have not been sufficiently considered. As otolaryngologists it is incumbent on us to be familiar with the consequences of flight for those patients with actual or potential voice problems. A voice lost to professional endeavor may be more emotionally devastating than an ear or sinus impairment. Careful briefing of the patient who is a professional voice user has not been standard practice prior to airline flight but certainly should be strongly considered as a protective measure.

scholarly journals Spectral Probability Density for Broadband Seismic Ambient Noise Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Endah Puspita Sari ◽  
Melda Panjaitan ◽  
Hery Sunandar ◽  
Erida Wati
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Probability Density ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Seismic Ambient Noise ◽  
Ambient Noise Level ◽  
Test Execution ◽  
Time Series Approach

The time-series approach is commonly utilized to get to the estimation of the likelihood thickness work of control ghostly densities (PDF PSD) of waveform information. This paper is concerned with the introduction of the evaluation of waveform commotion to degree the likelihood thickness work (PDF) be done inside, we utilized the metadata from a stock, a parser occurrence of DNP (Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia), IGBI (Ingas, Bali, Indonesia), and PLAI (Plampang, NTB, Indonesia) from BMKG IA-Networks and computations are based on the schedule utilized by McNamara Demonstrate. The point of this paper to characterize the current and past execution of the stations and recognizing the data on clamor levels at BMKG IA-Networks Station. The result of this paper shows the consistency of the unearthly is displayed the DNP, IGBI, and PLAI organize to confirm the quality of information conjointly acts as a test execution broadband arrange to the time taken by the broadband organize within the field and examination the Lombok earthquake in 2018.

The Lombard Sign and the Role of Hearing in Speech

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harlan Lane ◽  
Bernard Tranel
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Audience Control ◽  
Ambient Noise Level ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
The One

Lombard noted in 1911 that a speaker changes his voice level similarly when the ambient noise level increases, on the one hand, and when the level at which he hears his own voice (his sidetone) decreases, on the other. We can now state the form of these two functions, show that they are related to each other and to the equal-sensation function for imitating speech or noise loudness, and account for their form in terms of the underlying sensory scales and the hypothesis that the speaker tries to maintain a speech-to-noise ratio favorable for communication. Perturbations in the timing and spectrum of sidetone also lead the speaker to compensate for the apparent deterioration in his intelligibility. Such compensations reflect direct and indirect audience control of speech, rather than its autoregulation by sidetone. When not harassed by prying experimenters or an unfavorable acoustic environment, the speaker need no more listen to himself while speaking than he need speak to himself while listening.

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