Reproduction site preference and performance by sexuparae, and mating behavior of their sexual generation on the primary host plant in a heteroecious aphid, Neothoracaphis yanonis (Homoptera: Aphididae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Oka Ngakan ◽  
Junichi Yukawa
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Sexual Generation ◽  
And Performance

Host plant influences establishment and performance of Amblydromalus limonicus , a predator for Bactericera cockerelli

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliesha M Kean ◽  
Mette-Cecilie Nielsen ◽  
Melanie M Davidson ◽  
Ruth C Butler ◽  
Jessica Vereijssen
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Amblydromalus Limonicus ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Changing Host Plants Causes Structural Differences in the Parasitoid Complex of the Monophagous Moth Yponomeuta evonymella, but Does Not Improve Survival Rate

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukowski ◽  
Janek ◽  
Baraniak ◽  
Walczak ◽  
Karolewski
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
New Host ◽  
Parasitoid Complex ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enemy Free Space

Recently in Poland, cases of host expansion have frequently been observed in the typically monophagous bird-cherry ermine moth (Yponomeuta evonymella), which has moved from its native host plant, bird cherry (Prunus padus), to a new, widely distributed plant that is invasive in Europe, black cherry (P. serotina). We attempted to verify the reasons behind this host change in the context of the enemy-free space hypothesis by focusing on parasitoids attacking larval Y. evonymella on one of three host plant variants: The primary host, P. padus; initially P. padus and later P. serotina (P. padus/P. serotina); or the new host, P. serotina. This experiment investigated if changing the host plant could be beneficial to Y. evonymella in terms of escaping from harmful parasitoids and improving survival rate. We identified nine species of parasitoids that attack larval Y. evonymella, and we found that the number of parasitoid species showed a downward trend from the primary host plant to the P. padus/P. serotina combination to the new host plant alone. We observed a significant difference among variants in relation to the percentage of cocoons killed by specific parasitoids, but no effects of non-specific parasitoids or other factors. Total mortality did not significantly differ (ca. 37%) among larval rearing variants. Changing the host plant caused differences in the structure of the parasitoid complex of Y. evonymella but did not improve its survival rate. This study does not indicate that the host expansion of Y. evonymella is associated with the enemy-free space hypothesis; we therefore discuss alternative scenarios that may be more likely.

Effects of Two Cultivated Brassica spp. on the Development and Performance of Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Cotesia vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Parasitizing Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2094-2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu ◽  
Stephen T O Othim
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Diadegma Semiclausum ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Performance

AbstractThe diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella L., is the most destructive pest affecting vegetable production in Kenya and around the world. Parasitoids have shown promising results in lowering the pest populations and damage caused by DBM. However, variations in host plant quality have been reported to have bottom-up effects up to the third and fourth trophic levels. We assessed the effects of two cultivated Brassica varieties (cabbage, Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. cultivar ‘Gloria F1’ and kale, B. oleracea var. acephala L. cultivar ‘Thousand headed’) on the development and performance of the specialist pest P. xylostella and two exotic parasitoids Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen) and Cotesia vestalis (Haliday). The exposed larval period of DBM took about 1.5 d longer on kale than cabbage and the total immature development time of both females and males was significantly longer on kale than cabbage. Higher pupal weight and higher fecundity were recorded on DBM fed on kale. Development time of D. semiclausum and C. vestalis was not affected by the host crop as was the parasitism rate of D. semiclausum. Heavier male pupae and larger adults of D. semiclausum, as well as more fecund adults of C. vestalis, were obtained from hosts fed on cabbage. Larger adults of C. vestalis were obtained from herbivores fed on kale. These results show potentially positive effects of host plant allelochemicals that are detrimental to herbivores while promoting parasitoid development and performance, which can be harnessed for the control of DBM.

scholarly journals Notes on mating behaviour and a possible new host plant for Megacyllene angulata (Fabricius, 1775) (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera)

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. e20206004
Author(s):  
Francisco Eriberto De Lima Nascimento ◽  
Diego Matheus De Mello Mendes ◽  
Alberto Moreira da Silva Neto
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
New Host

The mating behavior of M. angulata (Fabricius, 1775) is described, illustrated and discussed. Additionally, we also comment on the possible new host plant of this species based on two plants (Luehea cymulosa Spruce ex Benth. (Malvaceae) and Doliocarpus dentatus (Aubl.) Standl (Dilleniaceae) on which copulation occurs.

scholarly journals A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1728 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARL N. MAGNACCA ◽  
DAVID FOOTE ◽  
PATRICK M. O’GRADY
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Ecological Specialization ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Insight Into

The Hawaiian Drosophilidae is one of the best examples of rapid speciation in nature. Nearly 1,000 species of endemic drosophilids have evolved in situ in Hawaii since a single colonist arrived over 25 million years ago. A number of mechanisms, including ecological adaptation, sexual selection, and geographic isolation, have been proposed to explain the evolution of this hyperdiverse group of species. Here, we examine the known ecological associations of 326 species of endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae in light of the phylogenetic relationships of these species. Our analysis suggests that the long-accepted belief of strict ecological specialization in this group does not hold for all taxa. While many species have a primary host plant family, females will also oviposit on non-preferred host plant taxa. Host shifting is fairly common in some groups, especially the grimshawi and modified mouthparts species groups of Drosophila, and the Scaptomyza subgenus Elmomyza. Associations with types of substrates (bark, leaves, flowers) are more evolutionarily conserved than associations with host plant families. These data not only give us insight into the role ecology has played in the evolution of this large group, but can help in making decisions about the management of rare and endangered host plants and the insects that rely upon them for survival.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Depth Gradient on the Mating Behavior, Oviposition Site Preference, and Embryo Production in the Zebrafish, Danio rerio

Zebrafish ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K. Sessa ◽  
Richard White ◽  
Yariv Houvras ◽  
Christopher Burke ◽  
Emily Pugach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Oviposition Site ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
Depth Gradient ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Oviposition Site Preference
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