Seeing the churches like the state: taxes and wealth redistribution in late antique Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-534
Author(s):  
Merle Eisenberg ◽  
Paolo Tedesco
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Wealth Redistribution ◽  
State Taxes

THE CONTROL REGAINING OVER THE DANUBE PROVINCES AS DESCRIBED BY CLAUDIANUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Eduard E. Meyer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Official Discourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
Balkan Region ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Claudius Claudianus ◽  
Poetic Work

The paper analyzes the poetic work of a late antique court poet from Western Roman Empire Claudius Claudianus. The key verbal construc - tions describing the situation on the Lower-Danube region after the Goths have settled are identified. The analysis of the Claudianus’ discourse shows the state of alarm of the Honorius court looked at the Balkan region. The high officials of Western Empire sought to establish Roman authority over the Danube region, regardless of whether the Eastern or Western court would rule there. Claudianus conveys to the readers that desire to see those lands under Roman rule. The study of contexts in which the Danube is men- tioned by Claudianus allows to assume that in the official discourse at court of the Western Emperor Honorius the Lower-Danube lands were pronounced pacified. They were beginning to recover from the destruction of the past wars, although still being perceived as a hotbed of instability. It was supposed that after Theodosius I first concluded the Treaty with the Goths in 382, and then Alaric and his people left Thrace in 395, the Danubian lands returned to Roman rule regardless whether the Roman institutes of power there functioned or not.

Women in Anchoritic and Semi-Anchoritic Monasticism in Egypt: Rethinking the Landscape

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline T. Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Female Monasticism ◽  
State Of The Field

Outside of hagiography, the evidence for female anchorites in early Christian Egypt remains scarce. House ascetics in cities survive for us in documentary and other sources, but women monks in non-coenobitic, nonurban environments are more difficult to locate, to the point at which some scholars have begun to question their very existence. This essay seeks to change the parameters of the scholarly debate over the nature of non-coenobitic female monastic experience. It examines hagiography, monastic rules and letters, and documentary papyri to reassess the state of the field and to produce a fuller portrait of anchoritic and semi-anchoritic female asceticism. Non-coenobitic women's monasticism existed, and it crossed boundaries of geography and social status, as well as the traditional categories of lavra, eremitic, coenobitic, and house asceticism. This interdisciplinary approach provides insights not only into women ascetics’ physical locations but also into their class, education, and levels of autonomy. An intervention into the historiography of women's asceticism in late antique Egypt, this study ultimately questions the advisability of using traditional categorizations of “anchoritic,” “lavra,” and “coenobitic” to classify female monasticism, because they obscure the particularities and diversity of female ascetic history.

The State of the State Taxes

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Michael J. Semes
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
State Taxes

WINE-MAKING AFTER PLINY: VITICULTURE AND FARMING TECHNOLOGY IN LATE ANTIQUE ITALY

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
The State ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Wine Making ◽  
Wine Trade

This article uses a range of archaeological and literary evidence to reconstruct the state of wine-making technology and the organization of the wine trade in late antique Italy. Continuity of commercial wine production in many regions of Italy and continuing trade in Italian wines both inside and outside Italy is clear up to the Lombard invasions. Technological continuity with the earlier Roman period is strong, with horizontal lever presses, using stone weights, remaining in common use. There is little evidence for technological innovation during this period. Vertical and direct screw presses, which become common in the East at this time, are rarely found at farms in late antique Italy.

The Zadar Fragment of the Collatio Legum Mosaicarum et Romanarum (or Lex Dei)

2020 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-330
Author(s):  
Robert M. Frakes
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
The State ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Manuscript Tradition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractA fragment from the anonymous text known as the Collatio Legum Mosaicarum et Romanarum (The Collation of the Laws of Moses and of the Romans) or the Lex Dei (the Law of God) has recently been identified in the State Archives in Zadar, Croatia. The Collatio is a late antique collection of Old Testament strictures and passages from Roman jurists and Roman law which continues to be the subject of scholarly debate. Close examination of this new fragment in the context of the manuscript tradition of the work can give insight into the nature of the lost codex from which it came as well as shed light on the transmission of the Collatio in the Middle Ages.

scholarly journals A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC WORKFLOW FOR RAPID SITE DOCUMENTATION AT STOBI, REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
K. Jones ◽  
G. Bevan
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Tape Measure ◽  
Graph Paper ◽  
Conservation Effort ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Increase In Accuracy

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The so-called “Theodosian Palace” is one of the most significant Late Antique structures at the site of Stobi, in the Republic of North Macedonia. Popularly thought to be a stopping-place of Theodosius I on his way through the province of <i>Macedonia Secunda</i> according to the evidence of the Codex Theodosianus, the structure is in dire need of conservation with many of the stone and mortar walls threatening to collapse onto the mosaic floors below. Any conservation effort in the Republic of North Macedonia must produce rigorous documentation before any physical work can take place. The most important and time consuming component of the project preparation are section and elevation drawings documenting each of the walls stone-by-stone, with elevations and scales indicated in a format prescribed by the state. These drawings are usually done manually on graph paper in the field, with the assistance of time-honoured manual tools – the plum-bob and tape-measure –, but this method is enormously time consuming and has considerable of room for error. The present project, begun in 2016 and the subject of this paper, endeavoured to show that new, photogrammetric methods could not only improve the accuracy of these drawings, but also the speed with which they are made. Our results demonstrate an increase in accuracy by an order magnitude, from 3&amp;thinsp;cm to 3&amp;thinsp;mm, and an improvement in the time to deliver the final product from an estimated 8 months to 2 months.</p>

The Imperial Arts

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-146
Author(s):  
Benjamin Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
The State ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Imperial Portraiture ◽  
Byzantine History

Images of Byzantine emperors served not only to glorify those depicted, but also as media through which subjects articulated their relationships both to individual sovereigns and to the state. The predominant materials, compositional strategies, and social dynamics that constrained such expressions changed substantially over the course of Byzantine history. After the Late Antique system of dedicating monumental bronze statues collapsed in the seventh century, a more flexible set of practices emerged, whose primary expressions were two-dimensional schemata. In the last empire’s last centuries, diplomatic considerations encouraged the production of scenic tableaux, while the closed series of portraits predominated after 1453. The transactional nature of imperial portraiture, the distinction between individual and office, and the representation of emperors as subjects of historical knowledge will repay further research.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Robert Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Main Research ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Cult Of Saints ◽  
Diachronic Development ◽  
Ancient Christianity

The Introduction emphasizes both the novelty and importance of the cult of relics in late antique Christianity. It presents the state of the art, showing that while the early cult of relics attracts interest as an aspect of the cult of saints, it has hardly been hardly studied on its own. It also discusses the main research questions and the general plan of the book, in which the chapters are arranged according to a thematic order, but which also studies the diachronic development of the phenomenon. Finally, it discusses questions of terminology that are important for the cult of relics, and particularly presents its concise vocabulary in various languages of ancient Christianity.

Decentralized Governance and Devolution of Funds to the Panchayats in India: A Critical Analysis of Two States

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
M. Gopinath Reddy ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Rural India ◽  
The Status ◽  
Decentralized Governance ◽  
State Taxes

The debates on the devolution of powers to the panchayats since the last two decades received enormous attention because of the increasing role played by these institutions in planning and implementation of the development programmes in rural India. But it is observed that devolution agenda including the agenda of fiscal devolution and tax decentralization has not been taken up sincerely in many states including the states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. Based on the review of secondary data, the present article critically examines the status of the fiscal devolution to the panchayats in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. This article argues that both the states need to strengthen the own revenue of panchayats based on the recommendations of the Finance Commissions of the respective states. In this context, the process of tax decentralization and principles of sharing the state taxes should receive paramount importance.

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