scholarly journals Local adaptation primes cold‐edge populations for range expansion but not warming‐induced range shifts

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L. Hargreaves ◽  
Christopher G. Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Spatial selection and local adaptation jointly shape life-history evolution during range expansion

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Van Petegem ◽  
Jeroen Boeye ◽  
Robby Stoks ◽  
Dries Bonte
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Life History Evolution ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Spatial Selection ◽  
History Evolution

In the context of climate change and species invasions, range shifts increasingly gain attention because the rates at which they occur in the Anthropocene induce fast shifts in biological assemblages. During such range shifts, species experience multiple selection pressures. Especially for poleward expansions, a straightforward interpretation of the observed evolutionary dynamics is hampered because of the joint action of evolutionary processes related to spatial selection and to adaptation towards local climatic conditions. To disentangle the effects of these two processes, we integrated stochastic modeling and empirical approaches, using the spider mite Tetranychus urticae as a model species. We demonstrate considerable latitudinal quantitative genetic divergence in life-history traits in T. urticae, that was shaped by both spatial selection and local adaptation. The former mainly affected dispersal behavior, while development was mainly shaped by adaptation to the local climate. Divergence in life-history traits in species shifting their range poleward can consequently be jointly determined by fast local adaptation to the environmental gradient and contemporary evolutionary dynamics resulting from spatial selection. The integration of modeling with common garden experiments provides a powerful tool to study the contribution of these two evolutionary processes on life-history evolution during range expansion.

scholarly journals Local adaptation primes cold-edge populations for range expansion but not warming-induced range shifts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L. Hargreaves ◽  
Christopher G. Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Range Expansion ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Relative Fitness ◽  
Transplant Experiment ◽  
Experimental Warming ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Edge Populations

AbstractAccording to theory, edge populations may be the best suited to initiate range expansions and climate-driven range shifts if they are locally adapted to extreme edge conditions, or the worst suited to colonize beyond-range habitat if their offspring are genetically and competitively inferior. We tested these contrasting predictions by comparing fitness of low, mid, and high-elevation (edge) populations of the annual Rhinanthus minor, transplanted throughout and above its elevational distribution under natural and experimentally-warmed conditions. Seed from low-quality edge habitat had inferior emergence across sites, but high-elevation seeds were also locally adapted. High-elevation plants initiated flowering earlier than plants from lower populations, required less heat accumulation to mature seed, and so achieved higher lifetime fitness at high elevations. Fitness was strongly reduced above the range, but adaptive phenology enhanced the relative fitness of high-elevation seeds. Experimental warming improved fitness above the range, confirming climate’s importance in limiting R. minor’s distribution, but eliminated the advantage of local cold-edge populations. These results provide experimental support for recent models in which cold-adapted edge populations do not always facilitate warming-induced range shifts. The highest fitness above the range was achieved by a ‘super edge phenotype’ from a neighboring mountain, suggesting key adaptations exist at the regional scale even if absent from local edge populations. Our results demonstrate that assessing the value of edge populations will not be straightforward, but suggest that a regional approach to their conservation, potentially enhancing gene flow among them, might maximize species’ ability to respond to global change.SignificanceIndividuals from range-edge populations are the most likely to disperse to habitat beyond the species current range, but are they best suited to colonize it? Our multi-year transplant experiment throughout and above the elevational range of an annual herb in the Canadian Rocky Mountains found that adaptive flowering phenology enhanced the fitness of high-edge seeds above the range, outweighing detrimental effects of poor seed quality. However, only one edge population maintained its advantage over central populations under experimental warming. While edge populations were most likely to drive range expansion, adaptation to cold climates may not help them initiate range shifts in response to climate warming, unless superior genotypes spread among isolated edge populations.

scholarly journals Population genomic data in spider mites point to a role for local adaptation in shaping range shifts

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2821-2835
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Jing‐Tao Sun ◽  
Peng‐Yu Jin ◽  
Ary A. Hoffmann ◽  
Xiao‐Li Bing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Population Genomic

scholarly journals The role of gene flow asymmetry along an environmental gradient in constraining local adaptation and range expansion

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1676-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. FEDORKA ◽  
W. E. WINTERHALTER ◽  
K. L. SHAW ◽  
W. R. BROGAN ◽  
T. A. MOUSSEAU
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Flow Asymmetry

Predicting range shifts under global change: the balance between local adaptation and dispersal

Ecography ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 873-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kubisch ◽  
Tobias Degen ◽  
Thomas Hovestadt ◽  
Hans Joachim Poethke
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Range Shifts

Local adaptation of trees at the range margins impacts range shifts in the face of climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1507-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Solarik ◽  
Christian Messier ◽  
Rock Ouimet ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Dominique Gravel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
The Face

scholarly journals The effects of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation on forecasts of species range shifts under climate change

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1351-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Valladares ◽  
Silvia Matesanz ◽  
François Guilhaumon ◽  
Miguel B. Araújo ◽  
Luis Balaguer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Range Shifts

scholarly journals Dispersal and life-history traits in a spider with rapid range expansion

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Wolz ◽  
Michael Klockmann ◽  
Torben Schmitz ◽  
Stano Pekár ◽  
Dries Bonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Spatial Sorting ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Edge Populations

Abstract Background Dispersal and reproduction are key life-history traits that jointly determine species’ potential to expand their distribution, for instance in light of ongoing climate change. These life-history traits are known to be under selection by changing local environmental conditions, but they may also evolve by spatial sorting. While local natural selection and spatial sorting are mainly studied in model organisms, we do not know the degree to which these processes are relevant in the wild, despite their importance to a comprehensive understanding of species’ resistance and tolerance to climate change. Methods The wasp spider Argiope bruennichi has undergone a natural range expansion - from the Mediterranean to Northern Europe during the recent decades. Using reciprocal common garden experiments in the laboratory, we studied differences in crucial traits between replicated core (Southern France) and edge (Baltic States) populations. We tested theoretical predictions of enhanced dispersal (ballooning behaviour) and reproductive performance (fecundity and winter survival) at the expansion front due to spatial sorting and local environmental conditions. Results Dispersal rates were not consistently higher at the northern expansion front, but were impacted by the overwintering climatic conditions experienced, such that dispersal was higher when spiderlings had experienced winter conditions as occur in their region. Hatching success and winter survival were lower at the range border. In agreement with theoretical predictions, spiders from the northern leading edge invested more in reproduction for their given body size. Conclusions We found no evidence for spatial sorting leading to higher dispersal in northern range edge populations of A. bruennichi. However, reproductive investment and overwintering survival between core and edge populations differed. These life-history traits that directly affect species’ expansion rates seem to have diverged during the recent range expansion of A. bruennichi. We discuss the observed changes with respect to the species’ natural history and the ecological drivers associated with range expansion to northern latitudes.

scholarly journals Effects of landscapes and range expansion on population structure and local adaptation

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-343
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Yan‐Qiang Sun ◽  
Jin Pan ◽  
Alexis R. Sullivan ◽  
Michael L. Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Range Expansion
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