scholarly journals Effect of phytoplankton size diversity on primary productivity in the North Pacific: trait distributions under environmental variability

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingzhang Chen ◽  
Sherwood Lan Smith ◽  
Kai W. Wirtz
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
The North ◽  
Size Diversity ◽  
Phytoplankton Size ◽  
The North Pacific

Geographical restriction as a guide to the causes of extinction: the case of the cold northern oceans during the Neogene

Paleobiology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geerat J. Vermeij
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
The North Pacific

Geographical restriction to refuges implies the regional extinction of taxa in areas of the previous range falling outside the refuge. A comparison of the circumstances in the refuge with those in areas from which the taxa were eliminated is potentially informative for pinpointing the causes of extinction. A synthesis of data on the geographical and stratigraphical distributions of cool-water molluscs of the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans during the late Neogene reveals four patterns of geographical restriction, at least two of which imply that climatic cooling was not the only cause of extinction during the last several million years. These four patterns are (1) the northwestern Pacific restriction, involving 15 taxa whose amphi-Pacific distributions during the late Neogene became subsequently restricted to the Asian side of the Pacific; (2) the northwestern Atlantic restriction, involving six taxa whose early Pleistocene distribution is inferred to have been amphi-Atlantic, but whose present-day and late Pleistocene ranges are confined to the northwestern Atlantic; (3) a vicariant Pacific pattern, in which many ancestral amphi-Pacific taxa gave rise to separate eastern and western descendants; and (4) the circumboreal restriction, involving six taxa whose early Pleistocene distribution, encompassing both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, became subsequently limited to the North Pacific. Like the Pliocene extinctions in the Atlantic, previously studied by Stanley and others, the vicariant Pacific pattern is most reasonably interpreted as having resulted from regional extinction of northern populations in response to cooling. The northwestern Pacific and Atlantic restrictions, however, cannot be accounted for in this way. In contrast to the northeastern margins of the Pacific and Atlantic, the northwestern margins are today characterized by wide temperature fluctuations and by extensive development of shore ice in winter. Northeastern, rather than northwestern, restriction would be expected if cooling were the overriding cause of regional extinction. Among the other possible causes of extinction, only a decrease in primary productivity can account for the observed northwestern and circumboreal patterns of restriction. Geographical patterns of body size and the distribution of siliceous deposits provide supporting evidence that primary productivity declined after the Miocene in the northeastern Pacific, but remained high in the northwestern Pacific, and that productivity in the Pacific is generally higher than it is in the Atlantic. The patterns of geographical restriction in the northern oceans thus provide additional support to previous inferences that reductions in primary productivity have played a significant role in marine extinctions.

scholarly journals Undocumented potential for primary productivity in a globally-distributed bacterial photoautotroph

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.D. Graham ◽  
J.F. Heidelberg ◽  
B.J. Tully
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Oceans ◽  
Globally Distributed ◽  
The North Pacific

AbstractAerobic anoxygenic phototrophs (AAnPs) are common in the global oceans and are associated with photoheterotrophic activity. To date, AAnPs have not been identified in the surface ocean that possess the potential for carbon fixation. Using the Tara Oceans metagenomic dataset, we have reconstructed draft genomes of four bacteria that possess the genomic potential for anoxygenic phototrophy, carbon fixation via the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, and the oxidation of sulfite and thiosulfate. Forming a monophyletic clade within the Alphaproteobacteria and lacking cultured representatives, the organisms compose minor constituents of local microbial communities (0.1-1.0%), but are globally distributed, present in multiple samples from the North Pacific, Mediterranean Sea, the East Africa Coastal Province, and the South Atlantic. These organisms represent a shift in our understanding of microbially-mediated photoautotrophy in the global oceans and provide a previously undiscovered route of primary productivity.Significance StatementIn examining the genomic content of organisms collected during the Tara Oceans expedition, we have identified a novel clade within the Alphaproteobacteria that has the potential for photoautotrophy. Based on genome observations, these organisms have the potential to couple inorganic sulfur compounds as electron donors to fix carbon into biomass. They are globally distributed, present in samples from the North Pacific, Mediterranean Sea, East Africa Coastal Current, and the South Atlantic. This discovery may require re-examination of the microbial communities in the global ocean to understand and constrain the impacts of this group of organisms on the global carbon cycle.

scholarly journals A Promising Development for Detecting Ocean Productivity

Eos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Cook
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Marine Food Web ◽  
The North ◽  
Ocean Productivity ◽  
Marine Food ◽  
Promising Development ◽  
Productivity Measurements ◽  
The North Pacific

A comparison of primary productivity measurements across the North Pacific Ocean demonstrates the potential for using autonomous instruments to discern effects of climate change on the marine food web.

Atmospheric iron inputs and primary productivity: Phytoplankton responses in the North Pacific

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Young ◽  
K. L. Carder ◽  
P. R. Betzer ◽  
D. K. Costello ◽  
R. A. Duce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals Ensemble squid habitat model using three-dimensional ocean data

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1863-1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene D. Alabia ◽  
Sei-Ichi Saitoh ◽  
Hiromichi Igarashi ◽  
Yoichi Ishikawa ◽  
Norihisa Usui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Habitat Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Presence Data ◽  
Neon Flying Squid ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Model Approach

Abstract Neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) is a large pelagic squid internationally harvested in the North Pacific. Here, we examined its potential habitat in the central North Pacific using an ensemble modelling approach. Initially, ten statistical models were constructed by combining the squid fishing points, selected vertical layers of the sea temperature and salinity, sea surface height (SSH), and SSH gradient from the multi-variate ocean variational estimation system for the western North Pacific from June to July 1999–2011. The variable selection analyses have captured the importance of vertical temperature and salinity layers at the upper 300 and 440 m, respectively, coinciding with the reported vertical ranges of diel migration for the squid's primary prey species in the North Pacific. The evaluation of the habitat predictions using the independent sets of the presence data from 2012 to 2014 showed significant variability in the predictive accuracy, which is likely reflective of the interannual differences in environmental conditions across the validation periods. Our findings from ensemble habitat model approach using three-dimensional oceanographic data were able to characterize the near- and subsurface habitats of the neon flying squid. Moreover, our results underpinned the possible link between interannual environmental variability and spatio-temporal patterns of potential squid habitats. As such, these further suggest that an ensemble model approach could present a promising tool for operational fishery application and squid resource management.

Intra-seasonal and inter-annual patterns in the demographics of sand lance and response to environmental drivers in the North Pacific

2019 ◽  
Vol 617-618 ◽  
pp. 221-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Baker ◽  
ME Matta ◽  
M Beaulieu ◽  
N Paris ◽  
S Huber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Sand Lance ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Annual Patterns
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