scholarly journals Quantifying predator dependence in the functional response of generalist predators

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Novak ◽  
Christopher Wolf ◽  
Kyle E. Coblentz ◽  
Isaac D. Shepard
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Predator Dependence

scholarly journals Quantifying predator dependence in the functional response of generalist predators

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Novak ◽  
Christopher Wolf ◽  
Kyle Coblentz ◽  
Isaac Shepard
Keyword(s):  
Method Development ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Ratio Dependence ◽  
Species Abundances ◽  
Ratio Dependent ◽  
Predator Dependence

AbstractA longstanding debate concerns whether functional responses are best described by prey-dependent versus ratio-dependent models. Theory suggests that ratio dependence can explain many food web patterns left unexplained by simple prey-dependent models. However, for logistical reasons, ratio dependence and predator dependence more generally have seen infrequent empirical evaluation and then only so in specialist predators, which are rare in nature. Here we develop an approach to simultaneously estimate the prey-specific attack rates and predator-specific interference rates of predators interacting with arbitrary numbers of prey and predator species. We apply the approach to field surveys and two field experiments involving two intertidal whelks and their full suite of potential prey. Our study provides strong evidence for the presence of weak predator dependence that is closer to being prey dependent than ratio dependent over manipulated and natural ranges of species abundances. It also indicates how, for generalist predators, even the qualitative nature of predator dependence can be prey-specific.Author contributionsCW contributed to method development, KC and IS performed the caging experiment, and MN conceived of the study, carried out the fieldwork and analyses, and wrote the manuscript.

The functional response and prey preference of generalist Nabis (Hemiptera: Nabidae) predators to leafhopper prey (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Stasek ◽  
James N. Radl ◽  
Thomas O. Crist
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Prey Preference ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Survival Probabilities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Predation Rates

AbstractInsects of the family Nabidae (Hemiptera) are generalist predators commonly found in agroecosystems, but little is known about their predation rates on common pests of forage crops. We determined the functional response and prey preference of Nabis Latreille species to two common leafhopper pests of red clover (Trifolium pratense Linnaeus; Fabaceae): Agallia constricta Van Duzee (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Ceratagallia agricola (Hamilton) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). We also determined the survivorship of A. constricta to predation by Nabis species over the course of five days. The Nabis species displayed a Type III functional response to both leafhopper species with a preference for A. constricta. The 10-A. constricta/cage treatments and 20-A. constricta/cage treatments had the highest survival probabilities after five days with survival probabilities of 0.19 and 0.23, respectively. These results indicate that Nabis species may help in controlling leafhopper populations in forage-crop systems.

scholarly journals Modelling prey consumption and switching by UK grey seals

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Smout ◽  
Anna Rindorf ◽  
Philip S. Hammond ◽  
John Harwood ◽  
Jason Matthiopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Prey Consumption ◽  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Predator Pit ◽  
Estimation Of Missing Data ◽  
Type 3

Abstract Smout, S., Rindorf, A., Hammond, P. S., Harwood, J., and Matthiopoulos, J. Modelling prey consumption and switching by UK grey seals. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: . Grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) are adaptable generalist predators whose diet includes commercial fish species such as cod. Consumption by the seals may reduce the size of some fish stocks or have an adverse effect on stock recovery programmes, especially because predation may trap sparse prey populations in a “predator pit”. To assess the likely impact of such effects, it is important to know how consumption and consequent predation mortality respond to the changing availability of prey. We present a model of grey seal consumption as a function of the availability of multiple prey types [a Multi-Species Functional Response (MSFR)]. We fit this MSFR to data on seal diet and prey availability (based on the overlap between the distributions of predators and prey). Bayesian methodology was employed to account for uncertainties in both dependent and independent variables, improve estimation convergence by the use of informative priors, and allow the estimation of missing data on prey availability. Both hyperbolic (Type 2) and sigmoidal (Type 3) functional response models were fitted to the data and the Type 3 model was clearly favoured during model selection, supporting the conclusion that seal–prey encounter rates change with prey abundance (sometimes referred to as “switching”). This suggests that some prey species may be vulnerable to predator pit effects. The fitted model reproduced contrasts in diet observed between different regions/years and, importantly, added information to the prior distributions of prey abundance in areas where the availability of some prey species (such as sandeels) was not known. This suggests that the diet of predators such as seals could provide information about the abundance and distribution of prey in areas that are not covered by fisheries and research surveys.

scholarly journals Functional Response of Generalist Predators to Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1117-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Poley ◽  
Christie Bahlai ◽  
Matthew Grieshop
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys

scholarly journals A Guild-Based Protocol to Target Potential Natural Enemies of Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae), a Vector of Xylella fastidiosa (Xanthomonadaceae): A Case Study with Spiders in the Olive Grove

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinto Benhadi-Marín ◽  
María Villa ◽  
Luís F. Pereira ◽  
Isabel Rodrigues ◽  
Marina Morente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Functional Response ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Type I ◽  
Olive Grove ◽  
Philaenus Spumarius ◽  
Selection Of Species ◽  
Selection Of

The olive grove is a key landscape across the Mediterranean basin. This agroecosystem is threatened by Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of the olive tree quick decline syndrome, Philaenus spumarius being the main vector. A way to limit pest populations relies on the use of biological control agents such as arthropods. Among them, spiders are generalist predators with different hunting strategies that feed mostly on insects and can contribute to limit pests. In this work, field and laboratory data were used to provide a protocol aiming to facilitate the selection of species of spiders among different guilds that could represent potential natural enemies of P. spumarius. Sampling of spiders was conducted in olive groves in northeastern Portugal. Two species, namely the orb-weaver Araniella cucurbitina and the ambusher Synema globosum, were selected according to the dominant guilds of spiders inhabiting the olive crop. We tested the differences of potential predatory efficiency using classical functional response tests with P. spumarius as prey. A type-II functional response was found for A. cucurbitina, whereas a type-I response was found for S. globosum. This difference uncovers a different potential efficiency among the two species as natural enemies of P. spumarius with relevant implications at high prey density in the field. A conceptual workflow to follow the fieldwork and selection of species for further work (i.e., laboratory assays) is provided and discussed. Standardized methods regarding the assessment of the suitability and efficiency of potential natural enemies are essential for the integration of results at different geographical extents and crops. Selecting functional counterparts such as different species of predators occurring at different locations that use the same prey (e.g., a pest) in the same way (e.g., hunting strategy) would facilitate developing biological control schemes.

Functional response and multiple predator effects of two generalist predators preying on Tuta absoluta eggs

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Michaelides ◽  
Spyros Sfenthourakis ◽  
Maria Pitsillou ◽  
Nicos Seraphides
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Multiple Predator Effects ◽  
Predator Effects

The functional response of generalist predators and its implications for the monitoring of marine ecosystems

2009 ◽  
pp. 262-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Asseburg ◽  
J. Harwood ◽  
J. Matthiopoulos ◽  
S. Smout ◽  
C. J. Camphuysen
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Generalist Predators
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document