Effects of maize straw-derived biochar application on soil temperature, water conditions and growth of winter wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1280-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyan Yan ◽  
Fei Dong ◽  
Junhui Li ◽  
Zengqiang Duan ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Maize Straw ◽  
Temperature Water

Effects of precision planting patterns and irrigation on winter wheat yields and water productivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 (9) ◽  
pp. 1394-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. M. MAO ◽  
W. W. ZHONG ◽  
X. Y. WANG ◽  
X. B. ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Precision Planting

SUMMARYThe production of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is affected by crop population structures and field microclimates. This 3-year study assessed the effect of different precision planting patterns and irrigation conditions on relative humidity (RH), air and soil temperature within the canopy, intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (iPAR), evapotranspiration (ET), water productivity (WP) and grain yields. Field experiments were conducted from 2011 to 2014 on a two-factor split-plot design with three replicates. The experiments involved three precision planting patterns (single row, alternating single and twin rows [hereafter ‘single–twin’] and twin row) and three irrigation treatments (0 mm (I0), 90 mm (I90) and 180 mm (I180)). Planting patterns and irrigation treatments exerted a significant effect on RH, air and soil temperature, iPAR, ET, WP and grain yield. The lowest RH and iPAR levels were detected in the single row pattern. When the irrigation treatment was identical, the highest soil and air temperatures were detected in the single row pattern, followed by the single–twin row and twin row patterns. Compared with the single row, the single–twin and twin row patterns increased ET by 0·3 and 1·4, WP by 4·7 and 5·7% and yields by 6·0 and 7·9%, respectively. Compared with I0, the I90 and I180 irrigation treatments increased ET by 0·3 and 1·4%, and WP by 4·7 and 5·7%, respectively. The grain yields of the twin row pattern were 5·8 and 1·7% higher than those of the single row and single–twin row patterns, respectively. Compared with I0, I90 increased yield by 19·3%. The twin row pattern improved crop structure and farmland microclimate by increasing RH and iPAR, and reducing soil and air temperatures, thus increasing grain yield. These results indicated that a twin row pattern effectively improved grain yield at I0. On the basis of iPAR, WP and grain yield, it was concluded that a twin row pattern combined with an I90 irrigation treatment provided optimal cropping conditions for the North China plain.

Modelling the yield of winter wheat under limiting water conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
A. Farshi ◽  
J. Feyen ◽  
C. Belmans ◽  
N. Kihupi
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Conditions

scholarly journals Effect of Postsowing Compaction on Cold and Frost Tolerance of North China Plain Winter Wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Caiyun Lu ◽  
Chunjiang Zhao ◽  
Xiu Wang ◽  
Zhijun Meng ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Improper postsowing compaction negatively affects soil temperature and thereby cold and frost tolerance, particularly in extreme cold weather. In North China Plain, the temperature falls to 5 degrees below zero, even lower in winter, which is period for winter wheat growing. Thus improving temperature to promote wheat growth is important in this area. A field experiment from 2013 to 2016 was conducted to evaluate effects of postsowing compaction on soil temperature and plant population of wheat at different stages during wintering period. The effect of three postsowing compaction methods—(1) compacting wheel (CW), (2) crosskill roller (CR), and (3) V-shaped compacting roller after crosskill roller (VCRCR)—on winter soil temperatures and relation to wheat shoot growth parameters were measured. Results showed that the highest soil midwinter temperature was in the CW treatment. In the 20 cm and 40 cm soil layer, soil temperatures were ranked in the following order of CW > VCRCR > CR. Shoot numbers under CW, CR, and VCRCR treatments were statistically 12.40% and 8.18% higher under CW treatment compared to CR or VCRCR treatments at the end of wintering period. The higher soil temperature under CW treatment resulted in higher shoot number at the end of wintering period, apparently due to reduced shoot death by cold and frost damage.

The influence of rotation, tillage and row spacing on near-surface soil temperature for winter wheat in southern Alberta

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Larney ◽  
T. Ren ◽  
S. M. McGinn ◽  
C. W. Lindwall ◽  
R. C. Izaurralde
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Surface Soil Temperature

Soil and crop management practices and their effects on surface residue levels can modify soil temperature. Our study investigated the effect of rotation, tillage and row spacing on near-surface (0.025 m) soil temperature under winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 1993-1994 and 1994-1995. The main treatment was winter wheat rotation: continuous winter wheat (WW); winter wheat-canola (Brassica campestris L.) (WC) or winter wheat-fallow (WF)] with tillage sub-treatments of conventional tillage (CT) vs. zero tillage (ZT) and row spacing treatments of uniform row (UR) vs. paired row (PR) spacing. From fall 1993 to spring 1994, ZT was cooler than CT by 1.2°C on the WC rotation, 1.1°C on WW and 0.4°C on the WF rotation. From fall 1994 to spring 1995, the magnitude of tillage differences was lower on all three rotations with ZT being cooler than CT by 0.1–0.9°C. The magnitude of the row spacing effect on soil temperature was less than that of the tillage effect. Extreme differences in soil temperature due to tillage were generally higher (1.0–4.9°C) on the WW and WC than the WF rotation (0.6–2.5°C) due to the presence of more crop residue. Results demonstrate that while ZT promotes overall cooler soils under winter wheat from fall to late spring, especially on continuously cropped (WW, WC) rotations, it also allows moderation of soil temperatures during extremely cold periods. Key words: Soil temperature, winter wheat, rotation, tillage, row spacing

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