Effective Connectivity in the Default Mode Network after Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Vaughn ◽  
Dana DeMaster ◽  
Jeong Hwan Kook ◽  
Marina Vannucci ◽  
Linda Ewing‐Cobbs
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode

scholarly journals Network disruption following mild traumatic brain injury: clinical and experimental research implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1592-1594
Author(s):  
Casey Swick ◽  
Tiffany Andersen ◽  
Ana-Mercedes Flores
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Postconcussive Symptoms ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
Network Disruption ◽  
Insight Into

Illuminating the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie persistent postconcussive symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a growing area of study. Alhourani et al. ( J Neurophysiol 116: 1840–1847, 2016) added to this emerging body of literature with their study examining default mode network disruption in mTBI using magnetoencephalography. The findings provided enhanced insight into the neural underpinnings of mTBI, which can be applied to future clinical and experimental research in this area.

scholarly journals Diffuse disconnectivity in traumatic brain injury: a resting state fMRI and DTI study

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheuk Tang ◽  
Emily Eaves ◽  
Kristen Dams-O’Connor ◽  
Lap Ho ◽  
Eric Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
White Matter Tracts ◽  
Imaging Protocol ◽  
Default Mode

AbstractDiffuse axonal injury is a common pathological consequence of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Diffusion Tensor Imaging is an ideal technique to study white matter integrity using the Fractional Anisotropy (FA) index which is a measure of axonal integrity and coherence. There have been several reports showing reduced FA in individuals with TBI, which suggest demyelination or reduced fiber density in white matter tracts secondary to injury. Individuals with TBI are usually diagnosed with cognitive deficits such as reduced attention span, memory and executive function. In this study we sought to investigate correlations between brain functional networks, white matter integrity, and TBI severity in individuals with TBI ranging from mild to severe. A resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging protocol was used to study the default mode network in subjects at rest. FA values were decreased throughout all white matter tracts in the mild to severe TBI subjects. FA values were also negatively correlated with TBI injury severity ratings. The default mode network showed several brain regions in which connectivity measures were higher among individuals with TBI relative to control subjects. These findings suggest that, subsequent to TBI, the brain may undergo adaptation responses at the cellular level to compensate for functional impairment due to axonal injury.

Exploring Variations in Functional Connectivity of the Resting State Default Mode Network in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic E. Nathan ◽  
Terrence R. Oakes ◽  
Ping Hong Yeh ◽  
Louis M. French ◽  
Jamie F. Harper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Default Mode

scholarly journals Default mode network functional and structural connectivity after traumatic brain injury

Brain ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 134 (8) ◽  
pp. 2233-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Sharp ◽  
Christian F. Beckmann ◽  
Richard Greenwood ◽  
Kirsi M. Kinnunen ◽  
Valerie Bonnelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode

scholarly journals Sex and Age Differences in Default Mode Network Functional Correlation After Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 830-831
Author(s):  
Anar Amgalan ◽  
Alexander Mayer ◽  
Michelle Ha ◽  
Andrei Irimia
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Central Sulcus ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus ◽  
The Right

Abstract The extent to which brain functional correlations (FCs) are modulated by age and sex is unknown. We studied default mode network (DMN) FC changes in 136 participants with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; 52 females, age range: 19 – 79 years, age μ = 42, age σ = 17; 72 participants younger than 40). Structural and functional magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were acquired ~1 week and ~6 months post-injury; the FreeSurfer Functional Analysis STream (FS-FAST) was used for group-level FC comparisons across sexes and age groups (younger vs. older than 40). FC seeds were two sub-networks of the DMN, M1 and M2, defined by the standard Yeo parcellation scheme. For M1, clusters with significant FC differences across sexes were in the right paracentral lobule, central sulcus, postcentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, and precentral sulcus (p = 0.0001), and in the left paracentral lobule and central sulcus (p = 0.022). For M2, clusters spanned the right postcentral gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, transverse occipital sulcus, and central sulcus (p = 0.0001), the left precuneus and inferior parietal lobe (p = 0.0096). Females either exhibited no significant FC change or underwent FC increases. Males underwent significant FC decreases within all clusters, suggesting their increased vulnerability to mTBI-related effects. Clusters whose FCs differed significantly across age groups were localized to the left superior temporal gyrus (p = 0.0078), highlighting the vulnerability of temporal regions to age effects. Future studies should explore the age × sex interaction and uncover the mechanisms for these observed findings.

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