Diffusion Imaging of Fornix and Interconnected Limbic Deep Grey Matter is Linked to Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Valdés Cabrera ◽  
Penelope Smyth ◽  
Gregg Blevins ◽  
Derek Emery ◽  
Christian Beaulieu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
Deep Grey Matter

scholarly journals Contrasting the brain imaging features of MOG-antibody disease, with AQP4-antibody NMOSD and multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852110189
Author(s):  
Silvia Messina ◽  
Romina Mariano ◽  
Adriana Roca-Fernandez ◽  
Ana Cavey ◽  
Maciej Jurynczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Deep Grey Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Aqp4 Antibody

Background: Identifying magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers in myelin-oligodendrocytes-glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-aquaporin-4 positive (NMOSD-AQP4) and multiple sclerosis (MS) is essential for establishing objective outcome measures. Objectives: To quantify imaging patterns of central nervous system (CNS) damage in MOGAD during the remission stage, and to compare it with NMOSD-AQP4 and MS. Methods: 20 MOGAD, 19 NMOSD-AQP4, 18 MS in remission with brain or spinal cord involvement and 18 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Volumetrics, lesions and cortical lesions, diffusion-imaging measures, were analysed. Results: Deep grey matter volumes were lower in MOGAD ( p = 0.02) and MS ( p = 0.0001), compared to HC and were strongly correlated with current lesion volume (MOGAD R = −0.93, p < 0.001, MS R = −0.65, p = 0.0034). Cortical/juxtacortical lesions were seen in a minority of MOGAD, in a majority of MS and in none of NMOSD-AQP4. Non-lesional tissue fractional anisotropy (FA) was only reduced in MS ( p = 0.01), although focal reductions were noted in NMOSD-AQP4, reflecting mainly optic nerve and corticospinal tract pathways. Conclusion: MOGAD patients are left with grey matter damage, and this may be related to persistent white matter lesions. NMOSD-AQP4 patients showed a relative sparing of deep grey matter volumes, but reduced non-lesional tissue FA. Observations from our study can be used to identify new markers of damage for future multicentre studies.

Memory impairment in multiple sclerosis: correlation with deep grey matter and mesial temporal atrophy

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H B Benedict ◽  
D Ramasamy ◽  
F Munschauer ◽  
B Weinstock-Guttman ◽  
R Zivadinov
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Deep Grey Matter

scholarly journals Brain atrophy and employment in multiple sclerosis patients: a 10-year follow-up study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205521732090248
Author(s):  
Cecilie Jacobsen ◽  
Robert Zivadinov ◽  
Kjell-Morten Myhr ◽  
Turi O Dalaker ◽  
Ingvild Dalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cortical Volume ◽  
Deep Grey Matter ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
The Unemployed

Background Multiple sclerosis is often associated with unemployment. The contribution of grey matter atrophy to unemployment is unclear. Objectives To identify magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of grey matter and clinical symptoms associated with unemployment in multiple sclerosis patients. Methods Demographic, clinical data and 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected in 81 patients at the time of inclusion and after 5 and 10 years. Global and tissue-specific volumes were calculated at each time point. Statistical analysis was performed using a mixed linear model. Results At baseline 31 (38%) of the patients were unemployed, at 5-year follow-up 44 (59%) and at 10-year follow-up 34 (81%) were unemployed. The unemployed patients had significantly lower subcortical deep grey matter volume ( P < 0.001), specifically thalamus, pallidus, putamen and hippocampal volumes, and cortical volume ( P = 0.011); and significantly greater T1 ( P < 0.001)/T2 ( P < 0.001) lesion volume than the employed patient group at baseline. Subcortical deep grey matter volumes, and to a lesser degree cortical volume, were significantly associated with unemployment throughout the follow-up. Conclusion We found significantly greater atrophy of subcortical deep grey matter and cortical volume at baseline and during follow-up in the unemployed patient group. Atrophy of subcortical deep grey matter showed a stronger association to unemployment than atrophy of cortical volume during the follow-up.

Multi-parametric structural magnetic resonance imaging in relation to cognitive dysfunction in long-standing multiple sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marita Daams ◽  
Martijn D Steenwijk ◽  
Menno M Schoonheim ◽  
Mike P Wattjes ◽  
Lisanne J Balk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Diffuse White Matter ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Deep Grey Matter ◽  
Imaging Markers

Background: Cognitive deficits are common in multiple sclerosis. Most previous studies investigating the imaging substrate of cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis included patients with relatively short disease durations and were limited to one modality/brain region. Objective: To identify the strongest neuroimaging predictors for cognitive dysfunction in a large cohort of patients with long-standing multiple sclerosis. Methods: Extensive neuropsychological testing and multimodal 3.0T MRI was performed in 202 patients with multiple sclerosis and 52 controls. Cognitive scores were compared between groups using Z-scores. Whole-brain, white matter, grey matter, deep grey matter and lesion volumes; cortical thickness, (juxta)cortical and cerebellar lesions; and extent and severity of diffuse white matter damage were measured. Stepwise linear regression was used to identify the strongest predictors for cognitive dysfunction. Results: All cognitive domains were affected in patients. Patients showed extensive atrophy, focal pathology and damage in up to 75% of the investigated white matter. Associations between imaging markers and average cognition were two times stronger in cognitively impaired patients than in cognitively preserved patients. The final model for average cognition consisted of deep grey matter DGMV volume and fractional anisotropy severity (adjusted R²=0.490; p<0.001). Conclusion: From all imaging markers, deep grey matter atrophy and diffuse white matter damage emerged as the strongest predictors for cognitive dysfunction in long-standing multiple sclerosis.

Deep grey matter `black T2` on 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging correlates with disability in multiple sclerosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 880-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
RK Zabad ◽  
X. Wei ◽  
LM Metz ◽  
MD Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Caudate Nucleus ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Deep Grey Matter

T2 hypointensity (black T2, BT2) in the deep grey matter of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients correlate weakly with disability at 1.5 T. BT2 is likely to be caused by abnormal iron deposition. We compared the correlation between disability and deep grey matter BT2 measured on 3 T MRI and on 1.5 T MRI in 17 MS patients. We observed a significant correlation between expanded disability status scale and signal intensity on 3 T MRI in the globus pallidus and the caudate nucleus ( r = —0.5, P < 0.05). BT2 at 3 T may be a useful MRI measure associated with disability in MS and warrants further study. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 880—883. http://msj.sagepub.com

Contribution of cortical and white matter lesions to cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1290-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athina Papadopoulou ◽  
Nicole Müller-Lenke ◽  
Yvonne Naegelin ◽  
Gabriela Kalt ◽  
Kerstin Bendfeldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Double Inversion Recovery ◽  
German Version ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Cortical lesions (CLs) have been reported to be a better predictor for cognitive impairment than white matter (WM) lesions in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Objectives: The objectives of this article are to investigate the contribution of CLs and WM lesions to cognitive impairment in 91 patients with MS and clinically isolated syndrome, and to test potential associations of CLs and WM lesions with fatigue and depression. Methods: Lesions were scored and segmented on 3D double inversion recovery sequences, according to their location (cortical, WM). Normalised grey matter volume was also determined. Cognitive performance was assessed with the SDMT and PASAT-3, fatigue with the FSMC and depression with the German version of the CES-D. Results: CL volume did not correlate with fatigue or depression, but correlated significantly with both neuropsychological outcome measures: PASAT-3 ( r = −0.275, p = 0.009) and SDMT ( r = −0.377, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analyses with age, WM lesions, CLs and GM volume as independent variables, however, did not reveal CL volume as a significant predictor of neuropsychological outcomes, whereas WM lesion volume significantly predicted SDMT and by trend PASAT performance. Conclusions: These findings suggest a role of WM lesions in the development of cognitive deficits, especially information-processing speed, which may be higher than previously assumed. Abbreviations: CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (ADS-L: Allgemeine Depressions Skala-L, German version of CES-D), CIS: clinically isolated syndrome, CL: cortical lesion, DIR: double inversion recovery, EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale, FSMC: fatigue scale for motor and cognitive functions, GM: grey matter, MRI: magnetic resonance imaging, MS: multiple sclerosis, PASAT-3: paced auditory serial addition test 3s, PPMS: primary progressive multiple sclerosis, RRMS: relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis, SDMT: symbol digit modalities test, SPM: statistical parametric mapping, SPMS: secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, WM: white matter

Cognitive impairment is associated with subcortical magnetic resonance imaging grey matter T2 hypointensity in multiple sclerosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Brass ◽  
R HB Benedict ◽  
B Weinstock-Guttman ◽  
F Munschauer ◽  
R Bakshi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Iron Deposition ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Grey matter hypointensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, suggesting iron deposition, has been described in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is related to physical disability, disease course and brain atrophy. We tested the hypothesis that subcortical grey matter T2 hypointensity is related to cognitive impairment after adjusting for the effect of MRI lesion and atrophy measures. We studied 33 patients with MS and 14 healthy controls. Normalized T2 signal intensity in the caudate, putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus, total brain T1-hypointense lesion volume (T1LV), fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery-hyperintense lesion volume (FLLV) and brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) were obtained quantitatively. A neuropsychological composite score (NCS) encompassed new learning, attention, working memory, spatial processing and executive function. In each of the regions of interest, the normalized T2 intensity was lower in the MS versus control group (all P <0.001). Regression modelling tested the relative association between all MRI variables and NCS. Globus pallidus T2 hypointensity was the only variable selected in the final model ( R2 = 0.301, P = 0.007). Pearson correlations between MRI and NCS were T1LV: r = -0.319; FLLV: r = -0.347; BPF: r = 0.374; T2 hypointensity of the caudate: r = 0.305; globus pallidus: r = 0.395; putamen: r = 0.321; and thalamus: r = 0.265. Basal ganglia T2 hypointensity and BPF demonstrated the strongest associations with cognitive impairment on individual cognitive subtests. Subcortical grey matter T2 hypointensity is related to cognitive impairment in MS, supporting the clinical relevance of T2 hypointensity as a biological marker of MS tissue damage. These data implicate a role for basal ganglia iron deposition in neuropsychological dysfunction.

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