scholarly journals The nociceptive withdrawal reflex of the trunk is organized with unique muscle receptive fields and motor strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1932-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Massé‐Alarie ◽  
Sauro E. Salomoni ◽  
Paul W. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Motor Strategies

Expansion of nociceptive withdrawal reflex receptive fields in spinal cord injured humans

2004 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 2798-2810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole K. Andersen ◽  
Nanna B. Finnerup ◽  
Erika G. Spaich ◽  
Troels S. Jensen ◽  
Lars Arendt-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured

The nociceptive withdrawal reflex: Normative values of thresholds and reflex receptive fields

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alban Y. Neziri ◽  
Ole K. Andersen ◽  
Steen Petersen-Felix ◽  
Bogdan Radanov ◽  
Anthony H. Dickenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Withdrawal Reflex

Tempo-spatial integration of nociceptive stimuli assessed via the nociceptive withdrawal reflex in healthy humans.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Carlos Henrich ◽  
Ken Steffen Frahm ◽  
Ole K. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Simultaneous Stimulation ◽  
Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Healthy Humans

Spatial information of nociceptive stimuli applied in the skin of healthy humans is integrated in the spinal cord to determine the appropriate withdrawal reflex response. Double-simultaneous stimulus applied in different skin sites are integrated, eliciting a larger reflex response. The temporal characteristics of the stimuli also modulate the reflex e.g. by temporal summation. The primary aim of this study was to investigate how the combined tempo-spatial aspects of two stimuli are integrated in the nociceptive system. This was investigated by delivering single and double simultaneous stimulation, and sequential stimulation with different inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs ranging 30-500 ms.) to the sole of the foot of fifteen healthy subjects. The primary outcome measure was the size of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) recorded from the Tibialis Anterior (TA) and Biceps Femoris (BF) muscles. Pain intensity was measured using an NRS scale. Results showed spatial summation in both TA and BF when delivering simultaneous stimulation. Simultaneous stimulation provoked larger reflexes than sequential stimulation in TA, but not in BF. Larger ISIs elicited significantly larger reflexes in TA, while the opposite pattern occurred in BF. This differential modulation between proximal and distal muscles suggests the presence of spinal circuits eliciting a functional reflex response based on the specific tempo-spatial characteristics of a noxious stimulus. No modulation was observed in pain intensity ratings across ISIs. Absence of modulation in the pain intensity ratings argues for an integrative mechanism located within the spinal cord governed by a need for efficient withdrawal from a potentially harmful stimulus.

Attention and distraction have no modulatory effect on the nociceptive withdrawal reflex

2007 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. e45
Author(s):  
E. Hennighasuen ◽  
V. Mylius ◽  
M. Kunz ◽  
K. Schepelmann
Keyword(s):  
Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Withdrawal Reflex

Quantitative assessment of nociceptive processes in conscious dogs by use of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 882-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Bergadano ◽  
Ole K. Andersen ◽  
Lars Arendt-Nielsen ◽  
Urs Schatzmann ◽  
Claudia Spadavecchia
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Withdrawal Reflex

Long term reliability of nociceptive withdrawal reflex thresholds

2019 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Herm ◽  
Vera Silbereisen ◽  
Bernhard M. Graf ◽  
Christoph L. Lassen
Keyword(s):  
Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflex ◽  
Withdrawal Reflex
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