scholarly journals Caffeine and cannabinoid receptors modulate impulsive behavior in an animal model of attentional deficit and hyperactivity disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1673-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas T. Leffa ◽  
Samira G. Ferreira ◽  
Nuno J. Machado ◽  
Carolina M. Souza ◽  
Fernanda da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Attentional Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals SHR/NCrl rats as a model of ADHD can be discriminated from controls based on their brain, blood, or urine metabolomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Dupuy ◽  
Pierre Castelnau ◽  
Sylvie Mavel ◽  
Antoine Lefevre ◽  
Lydie Nadal-Desbarats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Pathophysiological Condition ◽  
The Brain ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Peripheral Samples

AbstractAttention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying ADHD are still poorly understood, and its diagnosis remains difficult due to its heterogeneity. Metabolomics is a recent strategy for the holistic exploration of metabolism and is well suited for investigating the pathophysiology of diseases and finding molecular biomarkers. A few clinical metabolomic studies have been performed on peripheral samples from ADHD patients but are limited by their access to the brain. Here, we investigated the brain, blood, and urine metabolomes of SHR/NCrl vs WKY/NHsd rats to better understand the neurobiology and to find potential peripheral biomarkers underlying the ADHD-like phenotype of this animal model. We showed that SHR/NCrl rats can be differentiated from controls based on their brain, blood, and urine metabolomes. In the brain, SHR/NCrl rats displayed modifications in metabolic pathways related to energy metabolism and oxidative stress further supporting their importance in the pathophysiology of ADHD bringing news arguments in favor of the Neuroenergetic theory of ADHD. Besides, the peripheral metabolome of SHR/NCrl rats also shared more than half of these differences further supporting the importance of looking at multiple matrices to characterize a pathophysiological condition of an individual. This also stresses out the importance of investigating the peripheral energy and oxidative stress metabolic pathways in the search of biomarkers of ADHD.

Dimensions of Impulsivity in Healthy People, Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder, and Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Linhartová ◽  
Jan Širůček ◽  
Anastasia Ejova ◽  
Richard Barteček ◽  
Pavel Theiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective: Impulsivity, observed in patients with various psychiatric disorders, is a heterogeneous construct with different behavioral manifestations. Through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), this study tests hypotheses about relationships between dimensions of impulsivity measured using personality questionnaires and behavioral tests. Method: The study included 200 healthy people, 40 patients with borderline personality disorder, and 26 patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who underwent a comprehensive impulsivity test battery including the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, a Go-NoGo task, a stop-signal task, and a delay discounting task. Results: A CFA model comprising three self-reported and three behavioral latent variables reached a good fit. Both patient groups scored higher in the self-reported dimensions and impulsive choice; only the ADHD patients displayed impaired waiting and stopping impulsivity. Conclusions: Using the developed CFA model, it is possible to describe relations between impulsivity dimensions and show different impulsivity patterns in patient populations.

CNS Stimulant Controversies

1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Levy
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Central Nervous System Stimulant ◽  
Stimulant Medications ◽  
Cns Stimulant

Controversies in the use of central nervous system stimulant medications in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are discussed. Diagnostic issues, age of optimal use, side effects, effects on learning and ethical considerations are current issues. An animal model for the effects of chronic long-term high dose regimes is proposed.

scholarly journals PERILAKU ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN (STUDI KASUS PESERTA DIDIK) DI KELAS IV SD NEGERI GEJAYAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Nugrahini Indra Umratun Wakhaj ◽  
Nurul Hidayati Rofiah
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
The Impact

The behavior of primary school-age students today is very diverse, one of these behaviors are children who are very difficult to manage, can not be silent and as if not paying attention to the lessons in the classroom. These children usually experience emotional and behavioral disorders in its development of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). This study aims to describe the behavior and impact of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the learning process in grade 4 students of SD Negeri Gejayan.This type of research is a type of Descriptive Qualitative research, with data collection techniques of observation, interview, and doumentation. The subjects in this research are DA fourth graders of SD Negeri Gejayan. While the data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions.The results showed that there was Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) behavior in the learning process in Grade IV of Gejayan State Elementary School which consisted of three behaviors: inattensi, hyperactive and impulsive behavior. The impact of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) behavior affects three aspects including (1) impact on learning process or education, (2) impact on student's behavior in learning process and, (3) impact to social aspect of student in process learning.

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