scholarly journals Circadian regulation of membrane physiology in neural oscillators throughout the brain

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi R. Paul ◽  
Jennifer A. Davis ◽  
Lacy K. Goode ◽  
Bryan K. Becker ◽  
Allison Fusilier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Neural Oscillators ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Membrane Physiology

scholarly journals Interactions between endocrine and circadian systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. R1-R16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony H Tsang ◽  
Johanna L Barclay ◽  
Henrik Oster
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Circadian Clocks ◽  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Metabolic Homeostasis ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Hormonal Factors ◽  
Circadian Timing ◽  
Downstream Processes ◽  
The Brain

In most species, endogenous circadian clocks regulate 24-h rhythms of behavior and physiology. Clock disruption has been associated with decreased cognitive performance and increased propensity to develop obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Many hormonal factors show robust diurnal secretion rhythms, some of which are involved in mediating clock output from the brain to peripheral tissues. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of clock–hormone interaction in mammals, the contribution of different tissue oscillators to hormonal regulation, and how changes in circadian timing impinge on endocrine signalling and downstream processes. We further summarize recent findings suggesting that hormonal signals may feed back on circadian regulation and how this crosstalk interferes with physiological and metabolic homeostasis.

scholarly journals Minireview: Timely Ovulation: Circadian Regulation of the Female Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 1148-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horacio O. de la Iglesia ◽  
William J. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Neural Oscillators ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Pharmacological Data ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes ◽  
Estradiol Levels

The preovulatory surge in the secretion of LH is timed by a neuroendocrine integrative mechanism that involves ovarian estradiol levels and the endogenous circadian system. Studies in female rats and hamsters have established that the clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus has a preeminent role in setting the LH surge, and anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological data are revealing the responsible connections between suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons and GnRH and estradiol-receptive areas. Recent investigations show that GnRH and pituitary cells express circadian clock genes that might play a role in the release and reception of the GnRH signal. Analysis of the circadian regulation of the LH surge may provide a model for understanding how multiple neural oscillators function within other neuroendocrine axes.

Circadian regulation of melanization and prokineticin homologues is conserved in the brain of freshwater crayfish and zebrafish

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadanat Noonin ◽  
Apiruck Watthanasurorot ◽  
Svante Winberg ◽  
Irene Söderhäll
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Striking circadian neuron diversity and cycling of Drosophila alternative splicing

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
Katharine C Abruzzi ◽  
Michael Rosbash ◽  
Donald C Rio
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mrna Splicing ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Mrna Isoforms ◽  
Complexity Issue ◽  
The Brain

Although alternative pre-mRNA splicing (AS) significantly diversifies the neuronal proteome, the extent of AS is still unknown due in part to the large number of diverse cell types in the brain. To address this complexity issue, we used an annotation-free computational method to analyze and compare the AS profiles between small specific groups of Drosophila circadian neurons. The method, the Junction Usage Model (JUM), allows the comprehensive profiling of both known and novel AS events from specific RNA-seq libraries. The results show that many diverse and novel pre-mRNA isoforms are preferentially expressed in one class of clock neuron and also absent from the more standard Drosophila head RNA preparation. These AS events are enriched in potassium channels important for neuronal firing, and there are also cycling isoforms with no detectable underlying transcriptional oscillations. The results suggest massive AS regulation in the brain that is also likely important for circadian regulation.

Binding Hierarchies: A Basis for Dynamic Perceptual Grouping

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik D. Lumer ◽  
Bernardo A. Huberman
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Grouping ◽  
Phase Locking ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Binding Mechanism ◽  
Neural Oscillators ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
The Brain

Since it has been suggested that the brain binds its fragmentary representations of perceptual events via phase-locking of stimulated neural oscillators, it is important to determine how extended synchronization can occur in a clustered organization of cells possessing a distribution of firing rates. To answer that question, we establish the basic conditions for the existence of a binding mechanism based on synchronized oscillations. In addition, we present a simple hierarchical architecture of feedback units that not only induces robust phase-locking within and segregation between perceptual groups, but also serves as a generic binding machine.

scholarly journals Synchrony and Desynchrony in Integrate-and-Fire Oscillators

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1595-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon R. Campbell ◽  
DeLiang L. Wang ◽  
Ciriyam Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Perceptual Organization ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Neural Oscillators ◽  
Relaxation Oscillators ◽  
Integrate And Fire ◽  
Oscillator Network ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Global Inhibition

Due to many experimental reports of synchronous neural activity in the brain, there is much interest in understanding synchronization in networks of neural oscillators and its potential for computing perceptual organization. Contrary to Hopfield and Herz (1995), we find that networks of locally coupled integrate-and-fire oscillators can quickly synchronize. Furthermore, we examine the time needed to synchronize such networks. We observe that these networks synchronize at times proportional to the logarithm of their size, and we give the parameters used to control the rate of synchronization. Inspired by locally excitatory globally inhibitory oscillator network (LEGION) dynamics with relaxation oscillators (Terman & Wang, 1995), we find that global inhibition can play a similar role of desynchronization in a network of integrate-and-fire oscillators. We illustrate that a LEGION architecture with integrate-and-fire oscillators can be similarly used to address image analysis.

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