scholarly journals Different interaction modes for the default mode network revealed by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nianming Zuo ◽  
Ming Song ◽  
Lingzhong Fan ◽  
Simon B. Eickhoff ◽  
Tianzi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Default Mode

Altered Functional Connectivity within Default Mode Network in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhu ◽  
Lingyu Li ◽  
Yulin Song ◽  
Yu Han ◽  
Chengshu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attack ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Default mode network (DMN) is an important functional brain network that supports aspects of cognition. Stroke has been reported to be associated with functional connectivity (FC) impairments within DMN. However, whether FC within DMN changes in transient ischemic attack (TIA), an important risk factor for stroke, remains unclear. Forty-eight TIA patients and 41 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this study. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging seed-based FC methods, we examined FC alterations within DMN in TIA patients, tested its associations with clinical information, and further explored the ability of FC abnormalities to predict follow-up ischemic attacks. We found significantly decreased FC of left middle temporal gyrus/angular gyrus both with medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus (PCC/Pcu) and significantly decreased FC among each pair of mPFC, left PCC, and right Pcu in patients with TIA as compared with HCs. Moreover, the connectivity between mPFC and left PCC could predict future ischemic attacks of the patients. Collectively, these findings may provide insights into further understanding of the underlying pathological mechanism in TIA, and aberrant FC between the hubs within DMN may provide a reference for the imaging diagnosis and early intervention of TIA.

scholarly journals Use of resting state-functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess the utility of focused meditation in post-coronavirus disease cognitive dysfunction

2021 ◽  
pp. 351-353
Author(s):  
Atul Kapoor ◽  
Goldaa Mahajan ◽  
Aprajita Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
The Brain

Post-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) syndrome is a well-recognized entity in which cognitive brain dysfunction is the most common presentation. Diagnosis and management of such patients are challenging. We describe an important brain finding of post-COVID-19 syndrome on resting (rs)-functional magnetic resonance imaging by mapping the default mode network of the brain which becomes dysfunctional thus causing patient symptoms and its correction by the technique of focused meditation.

scholarly journals Role of the default mode network in cognitive transitions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verity Smith ◽  
Daniel J Mitchell ◽  
John Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Task Switch ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Default Mode

ABSTRACTA frequently repeated finding is that the default mode network (DMN) shows activation decreases during externally-focused tasks. This finding has led to an emphasis in DMN research on internally-focused self-relevant thought processes. A recent study, in contrast, implicates the DMN in substantial externally-focused task switches. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we scanned 24 participants performing a task switch experiment. Whilst replicating previous DMN task switch effects, we also found large DMN increases for brief rests as well as task restarts after rest. Our findings are difficult to explain using theories strictly linked to internal or self-directed cognition. In line with principal results from the literature, we suggest that the DMN encodes scene, episode or context, by integrating spatial, self-referential and temporal information. Context representations are strong at rest, but re-reference to context also occurs at major cognitive transitions.

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