scholarly journals Staging model in psychiatry: Review of the evolution of electroencephalography abnormalities in major psychiatric disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1319-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzie Lavoie ◽  
Andrea R. Polari ◽  
Sherilyn Goldstone ◽  
Barnaby Nelson ◽  
Patrick D. McGorry
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatry Review ◽  
Staging Model

Clinical Staging of Psychiatric Disorders: A Heuristic Framework for Choosing Earlier, Safer and more Effective Interventions

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 616-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick D. McGorry ◽  
Ian B. Hickie ◽  
Alison R. Yung ◽  
Christos Pantelis ◽  
Henry J. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Heuristic Strategy ◽  
Staging Model

Diagnosis in psychiatry increasingly struggles to fulfil its key purposes, namely, to guide treatment and to predict outcome. The clinical staging model, widely used in clinical medicine yet virtually ignored in psychiatry, is proposed as a more refined form of diagnosis which could restore the utility of diagnosis, promote early intervention and also make more sense of the confusing array of biological research findings in psychiatry by organizing data into a coherent clinicopathological framework. A selective review of key papers in clinical medicine and psychiatry which describe clinical and clinicopathological staging, and a range of related issues. Clinical staging has immediate potential to improve the logic and timing of interventions in psychiatry just as it does in many complex and potentially serious medical disorders. Interventions could be evaluated in terms of their ability to prevent or delay progression from earlier to later stages of disorder, and they could be selected on clear-cut risk/benefit criteria. Biological variables and a range of candidate risk factors could be studied within and across stages, and their role, specificity and centrality in risk, onset and progression of disorder could be greatly clarified. A clinicopathological framework could be progressively constructed. Clinical staging with a restructure across and within diagnostic boundaries with the explicit operationalization of criteria for extent and progression of disorder should be actively explored in psychiatry as a heuristic strategy for the development and evaluation of earlier, safer, and more effective clinical interventions, and for clarifying the biological basis of psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Do the Trajectories of Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia Follow a Universal Staging Model?

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Duffy ◽  
Gin S. Malhi ◽  
Paul Grof
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Staging Model ◽  
Robust Evidence ◽  
Illness Progression

Objective: The purpose of this study is to address the question of whether a universal staging model of severe psychiatric disorders is a viable direction for future research by examining the extant literature. Method: A narrative review was conducted of the relevant historical, conceptual, and empirical literature pertaining to the clinical trajectory of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia and issues relevant to staging. Results: There is substantive evidence that classic recurrent bipolar disorder is separable from schizophrenia on the basis of family history, developmental and clinical course, treatment response, and neurobiological findings. However, because of the intrinsic heterogeneity of diagnostic categories that has been amplified by recent changes in psychiatric taxonomy, key distinctions between the groups have become obfuscated. While mapping risk and illness markers to emerging psychopathology is a logical approach and may be of value for some psychiatric disorders and/or their clinical subtypes, robust evidence supporting identifiable stages per se is still lacking. Presently, even rudimentary stages such as prodromes cannot be meaningfully applied across different disorders and no commonalities can be found for the basis of universal staging. Conclusions: Advances in the prediction of risk, accurate early illness detection, and tailored intervention will require mapping biomarkers and other risk indicators to reliable clinical phases of illness progression. Given the capricious nature of mood and psychotic disorders, this task is likely to yield success only if conducted in narrowly defined subgroups of individuals at high risk for specific illnesses. This approach is diametrically opposite to that being promulgated by proponents of a universal staging model.

What's in a model? Network models as tools instead of representations of what psychiatric disorders really are

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna M. van Loo ◽  
Jan-Willem Romeijn
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Model Network

AbstractNetwork models block reductionism about psychiatric disorders only if models are interpreted in a realist manner – that is, taken to represent “what psychiatric disorders really are.” A flexible and more instrumentalist view of models is needed to improve our understanding of the heterogeneity and multifactorial character of psychiatric disorders.

Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

Sati

Crisis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Social Causation ◽  
Gender Role Expectations ◽  
Good Wife ◽  
And Gender

Abstract. Sati as an act of ritual suicide has been reported from the Indian subcontinent, especially among the Hindus, for several centuries. Although legally proscribed, these acts occur even now in modern India. The principle behind such acts has been put forward as the principle of good wife. There is little evidence to suggest that women who commit this act suffer from a formal mental illness. Cultural factors and gender role expectations play a significant role in the act and its consequences. Using recent examples, this paper illustrates the cultural factors, which may be seen as contributing to the act of suicide. Other factors embedded in the act also emphasize that not all suicides have underlying psychiatric disorders and clinicians must take social causation into account while preparing any prevention strategies.

Review of Biological bases of psychiatric disorders.

1978 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 777-777
Author(s):  
RICHARD F. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document