Potential impacts of climate change on growth and prey consumption of stream-dwelling smallmouth bass in the central United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison A. Pease ◽  
Craig P. Paukert
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Prey Consumption ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals Aeroallergens and Climate Change in Tulsa, Oklahoma: Long-Term Trends in the South Central United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Levetin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Pollen Season ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
The South ◽  
South Central ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Total Pollen

Climate change is having a significant effect on many allergenic plants resulting in increased pollen production and shifts in plant phenology. Although these effects have been well-studied in some areas of the world, few studies have focused on long-term changes in allergenic pollen in the South Central United States. This study examined airborne pollen, temperature, and precipitation in Tulsa, Oklahoma over 25 to 34 years. Pollen was monitored with a Hirst-type spore trap on the roof of a building at the University of Tulsa and meteorology data were obtained from the National Weather Service. Changes in total pollen intensity were examined along with detailed analyses of the eight most abundant pollen types in the Tulsa atmosphere. In addition to pollen intensity, changes in pollen season start date, end date, peak date and season duration were also analyzed. Results show a trend to increasing temperatures with a significant increase in annual maximum temperature. There was a non-significant trend toward increasing total pollen and a significant increase in tree pollen over time. Several individual taxa showed significant increases in pollen intensity over the study period including spring Cupressaceae and Quercus pollen, while Ambrosia pollen showed a significant decrease. Data from the current study also indicated that the pollen season started earlier for spring pollinating trees and Poaceae. Significant correlations with preseason temperature may explain the earlier pollen season start dates along with a trend toward increasing March temperatures. More research is needed to understand the global impact of climate change on allergenic species, especially from other regions that have not been studied.

scholarly journals Economic impacts of climate change on water resources in the coterminous United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Henderson ◽  
Charles Rodgers ◽  
Russell Jones ◽  
Joel Smith ◽  
Kenneth Strzepek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Downscaling and Projection of Winter Extreme Daily Precipitation over North America

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 923-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiafeng Wang ◽  
Xuebin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Statistical Downscaling ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Generalized Extreme Value Distribution ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Distribution Parameters

Abstract Large-scale atmospheric variables have been statistically downscaled to derive winter (December–March) maximum daily precipitation at stations over North America using the generalized extreme value distribution (GEV). Here, the leading principal components of the sea level pressure field and local specific humidity are covariates of the distribution parameters. The GEV parameters are estimated using data from 1949 to 1999 and the r-largest method. This statistical downscaling procedure is found to yield skill over the southern and northern West Coast, central United States, and areas of western and eastern Canada when tested with independent data. The projected changes in covariates or predictors are obtained from transient climate change simulations conducted with the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma) Coupled General Circulation Model, version 3.1 (CGCM3.1) forced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) A2 forcing scenario. They are then used to derive the GEV distribution parameters for the period 2050–99. The projected frequency of the current 20-yr return maximum daily precipitation for that period suggests that extreme precipitation risk will increase heavily over the south and central United States but decrease over the Canadian prairies. The difference between the statistical downscaling results and those estimated using GCM simulation is also discussed.

TV Meteorologists as Local Climate Change Educators

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Maibach ◽  
Bernadette Woods Placky ◽  
Joe Witte ◽  
Keith Seitter ◽  
Ned Gardiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
American Meteorological Society ◽  
Resource Program ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Global climate change is influencing the weather in every region of the United States, often in harmful ways. Yet, like people in many countries, most Americans view climate change as a threat that is distant in space (i.e., not here), time (i.e., not now), and species (i.e., not us). To manage risk and avoid harm, it is imperative that the public, professionals, and policy-makers make decisions with an informed understanding of our changing climate. In the United States, broadcast meteorologists are ideally positioned to educate Americans about the current and projected impacts of climate change in their community. They have tremendous reach, are trusted sources of climate information, and are highly skilled science communicators. When our project began in 2009, we learned that many U.S.-based TV weathercasters were potentially interested in reporting on climate change, but few actually were, citing significant barriers including a lack of time to prepare and air stories, and lack of access to high-quality content that can be rapidly used in their broadcasts, social media, and community presentations. To test the premise that TV weathercasters can be effective climate educators—if supported with high-quality localized climate communication content—in 2010 George Mason University, Climate Central, and WLTX-TV (Columbia, SC) developed and pilot-tested Climate Matters, a series of short on-air (and online) segments about the local impacts of climate change, delivered by the station’s chief meteorologist. During the first year, more than a dozen stories aired. To formally evaluate Climate Matters, we conducted pre- and post-test surveys of local TV news viewers in Columbia. After one year, WLTX viewers had developed a more science-based understanding of climate change than viewers of other local news stations, confirming our premise that when TV weathercasters report on the local implications of climate change, their viewers learn. Through a series of expansions, including the addition of important new partners—the American Meteorological Society, National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and Yale University—Climate Matters has become a comprehensive nationwide climate communication resource program for American broadcast meteorologists. As of March 2016, 313 local weathercasters nationwide (at 202 stations in 111 media markets) are participating in the program, receiving new content on a weekly basis. Some leaders in the World Meteorological Organization are now promoting the concept of “TV weather presenters as climate change communicators,” and collaborative discussions are underway with Climate Central. In this article, we review the theoretical basis of the program, detail its development and national scale-up, and conclude with insights for how to develop climate communication initiatives for other professional communities of practice in the U.S. and other countries.

scholarly journals A New Look at the Variance of Summertime Temperatures over Land

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (13) ◽  
pp. 5465-5477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas R. Vargas Zeppetello ◽  
David S. Battisti ◽  
Marcia B. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Temperature Variance ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Very High

AbstractThe increasing frequency of very high summertime temperatures has motivated growing interest in the processes determining the probability distribution of surface temperature over land. Here, we show that on monthly time scales, temperature anomalies can be modeled as linear responses to fluctuations in shortwave radiation and precipitation. Our model contains only three adjustable parameters, and, surprisingly, these can be taken as constant across the globe, notwithstanding large spatial variability in topography, vegetation, and hydrological processes. Using observations of shortwave radiation and precipitation from 2000 to 2017, the model accurately reproduces the observed pattern of temperature variance throughout the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. In addition, the variance in latent heat flux estimated by the model agrees well with the few long-term records that are available in the central United States. As an application of the model, we investigate the changes in the variance of monthly averaged surface temperature that might be expected due to anthropogenic climate change. We find that a climatic warming of 4°C causes a 10% increase in temperature variance in parts of North America.

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