scholarly journals Intraspecific variation in host plant traits mediates taxonomic and functional composition of local insect herbivore communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1382-1395
Author(s):  
Elske K. Tielens ◽  
Daniel S. Gruner
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Insect Herbivore ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
Herbivore Communities

Predicting tropical insect herbivore abundance from host plant traits and phylogeny

Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (sp8) ◽  
pp. S211-S222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. S. Whitfeld ◽  
Vojtech Novotny ◽  
Scott E. Miller ◽  
Jan Hrcek ◽  
Petr Klimes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Insect Herbivore

Maternal effects in an insect herbivore as a mechanism to adapt to host plant phenology

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margriet van Asch ◽  
Riita Julkunen-Tiito ◽  
Marcel E. Visser
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Plant Phenology ◽  
Insect Herbivore

scholarly journals Plant and insect herbivore community variation across the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Hanna Basin, southeastern Wyoming

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7798
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Azevedo Schmidt ◽  
Regan E. Dunn ◽  
Jason Mercer ◽  
Marieke Dechesne ◽  
Ellen D. Currano
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Insect Herbivore ◽  
Herbivore Damage ◽  
Late Paleocene ◽  
Hanna Basin ◽  
Laramide Basins ◽  
Herbivore Communities

Ecosystem function and stability are highly affected by internal and external stressors. Utilizing paleobotanical data gives insight into the evolutionary processes an ecosystem undergoes across long periods of time, allowing for a more complete understanding of how plant and insect herbivore communities are affected by ecosystem imbalance. To study how plant and insect herbivore communities change during times of disturbance, we quantified community turnover across the Paleocene­–Eocene boundary in the Hanna Basin, southeastern Wyoming. This particular location is unlike other nearby Laramide basins because it has an abundance of late Paleocene and Eocene coal and carbonaceous shales and paucity of well-developed paleosols, suggesting perpetually high water availability. We sampled approximately 800 semi-intact dicot leaves from five stratigraphic levels, one of which occurs late in the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM). Field collections were supplemented with specimens at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science. Fossil leaves were classified into morphospecies and herbivore damage was documented for each leaf. We tested for changes in plant and insect herbivore damage diversity using rarefaction and community composition using non-metric multidimensional scaling ordinations. We also documented changes in depositional environment at each stratigraphic level to better contextualize the environment of the basin. Plant diversity was highest during the mid-late Paleocene and decreased into the Eocene, whereas damage diversity was highest at the sites with low plant diversity. Plant communities significantly changed during the late PETM and do not return to pre-PETM composition. Insect herbivore communities also changed during the PETM, but, unlike plant communities, rebound to their pre-PETM structure. These results suggest that insect herbivore communities responded more strongly to plant community composition than to the diversity of species present.

Host plant phenology, insect outbreaks and herbivore communities – The importance of timing

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-841
Author(s):  
Adam Ekholm ◽  
Ayco J. M. Tack ◽  
Pertti Pulkkinen ◽  
Tomas Roslin
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Phenology ◽  
Insect Outbreaks ◽  
Herbivore Communities

scholarly journals The early wasp plucks the flower: disparate extant diversity of sawfly superfamilies (Hymenoptera: ‘Symphyta’) may reflect asynchronous switching to angiosperm hosts

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Tommi Nyman ◽  
Renske E Onstein ◽  
Daniele Silvestro ◽  
Saskia Wutke ◽  
Andreas Taeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Insect Herbivore ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Asynchronous Switching ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Diversification Rates ◽  
Insect Order ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Diversity Dynamics ◽  
Herbivore Communities

AbstractThe insect order Hymenoptera originated during the Permian nearly 300 Mya. Ancestrally herbivorous hymenopteran lineages today make up the paraphyletic suborder ‘Symphyta’, which encompasses c. 8200 species with very diverse host-plant associations. We use phylogeny-based statistical analyses to explore the drivers of diversity dynamics within the ‘Symphyta’, with a particular focus on the hypothesis that diversification of herbivorous insects has been driven by the explosive radiation of angiosperms during and after the Cretaceous. Our ancestral-state estimates reveal that the first symphytans fed on gymnosperms, and that shifts onto angiosperms and pteridophytes – and back – have occurred at different time intervals in different groups. Trait-dependent analyses indicate that average net diversification rates do not differ between symphytan lineages feeding on angiosperms, gymnosperms or pteridophytes, but trait-independent models show that the highest diversification rates are found in a few angiosperm-feeding lineages that may have been favoured by the radiations of their host taxa during the Cenozoic. Intriguingly, lineages-through-time plots show signs of an early Cretaceous mass extinction, with a recovery starting first in angiosperm-associated clades. Hence, the oft-invoked assumption of herbivore diversification driven by the rise of flowering plants may overlook a Cretaceous global turnover in insect herbivore communities during the rapid displacement of gymnosperm- and pteridophyte-dominated floras by angiosperms.

scholarly journals Long‐term restoration success of insect herbivore communities in seminatural grasslands: a functional approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Neff ◽  
M. Carol Resch ◽  
Anja Marty ◽  
Jacob D. Rolley ◽  
Martin Schütz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Approach ◽  
Insect Herbivore ◽  
Restoration Success ◽  
Seminatural Grasslands ◽  
Herbivore Communities

scholarly journals Establishment and maintenance of aphid endosymbionts after horizontal transfer is dependent on host genotype

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 20170016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Parker ◽  
Ailsa H. C. McLean ◽  
Jan Hrček ◽  
Nicole M. Gerardo ◽  
H. Charles J. Godfray
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Host Genotype ◽  
Pea Aphids

Animal-associated microbial communities have important effects on host phenotypes. Individuals within and among species differ in the strains and species of microbes that they harbour, but how natural selection shapes the distribution and abundance of symbionts in natural populations is not well understood. Symbionts can be beneficial in certain environments but also impose costs on their hosts. Consequently, individuals that can or cannot associate with symbionts will be favoured under different ecological circumstances. As a result, we predict that individuals within a species vary in terms of how well they accept and maintain symbionts. In pea aphids, the frequency of endosymbionts varies among host-plant-associated populations (‘biotypes’). We show that aphid genotypes from different biotypes vary in how well they accept and maintain symbionts after horizontal transfer. We find that aphids from biotypes that frequently harbour symbionts are better able to associate with novel symbionts than those from biotypes that less frequently harbour symbionts. Intraspecific variation in the ability of hosts to interact with symbionts is an understudied factor explaining patterns of host–symbiont association.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document