Aquatain AMF efficacy on juvenile mosquito stages in control of Culex pipiens complex and Aedes albopictus

2020 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Mihaela Kavran ◽  
Igor Pajović ◽  
Dušan Petrić ◽  
Aleksandra Ignjatović‐Ćupina ◽  
Nedeljko Latinović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Culex Pipiens Complex

scholarly journals Efficacy of Aquatain® Against Culex pipiens Complex and Aedes albopictus in Catch Basins in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Andrea Drago ◽  
Giulia Simonato ◽  
Stefano Vettore ◽  
Simone Martini ◽  
Federica Marcer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Culex Pipiens Complex ◽  
Northeastern Italy ◽  
Catch Basins ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Aquatain® is an alternative larvicide formulation to the currently used larvicides. Its efficacy can be assessed monitoring emerging adults with a floating device that was recently developed for use in catch basins. In this study, the efficacy of Aquatain in controlling Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens complex was investigated by comparing the adults emerging from 25 treated catch basins with that of 25 control basins in northeastern Italy. Basins were monitored weekly for 9 times and the efficacy was evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U-test and calculating the inhibition of emergence at each sampling. Aquatain was effective in reducing the number of emerging mosquitoes for both species, but its duration was affected by rainfall. Intensive showers (>10 mm daily) seem to reduce the efficacy of the product, allowing an increase in emerging adults after about 2 wk. This finding suggests that climatic factors should be taken into account to decide the right time for reapplication of Aquatain during routine larval treatments.

MEIOSIS IN THE MALE OF CULEX PIPIENS AND AEDES ALBOPICTUS AND FERTILIZATION IN THE CULEX PIPIENS-COMPLEX

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Jost
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Meiotic Prophase ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Female Meiosis ◽  
Culex Pipiens Complex ◽  
Cross Reactions ◽  
Somatic Pairing

As a result of close somatic pairing of the chromosomes visible leptotene stages do not occur in either Culex pipiens or Aedes albopictus. Bouquet stages were not observed during early meiotic prophase. The sperm of C. pipiens consist of a head 14 μ long and a tail 200 μ long. More than 80% of sperm treated with 3H-Tdr could be sufficiently labeled by feeding fourth instar larvae 10 μCi/ml/larva 3H-Tdr for about 3 days. An almost complete label could be found in the sperm head and only some few grains in the DNA of the mitochondrial bodies of the tail.In the C. pipiens female, meiosis is activated by the entrance of the sperm and karyogamy is effected about 50 minutes after oviposition. During the meiotic divisions the sperm moves to the center of the egg and fuses with the pronucleus. If supernumerary sperm are present they most often are found near the micropylar pole of the egg.Although the frequency of polyspermy is low, one or two sperm are usually present in the fertilized eggs.In incompatible crosses with strains of different geographical origins (♂ Hamburg ♀ Paris) the egg is activated by the sperm and the meiotic divisions begin but the sperm does not succeed in fusing with the pronucleus. The developing embryos are haploid and embryogenesis leads to irregular differentiation; 99.9% of the embryos die. Apparently reactions between sperm and egg cytoplasm prevent karyogamy. The different models of cross-reactions in the C. pipiens-complex are discussed; mitochondrial DNA is suggested to be involved in fertilization.

scholarly journals Screening of Mosquitoes for West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus in Croatia, 2015–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ana Klobucar ◽  
Vladimir Savic ◽  
Marcela Curman Posavec ◽  
Suncica Petrinic ◽  
Urska Kuhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Usutu Virus ◽  
Culex Pipiens Complex ◽  
Mammalian Origin ◽  
Mosquito Pool ◽  
The City ◽  
Generation Sequencing

In the period from 2015 to 2020, an entomological survey for the presence of West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) in mosquitoes was performed in northwestern Croatia. A total of 20,363 mosquitoes were sampled in the City of Zagreb and Međimurje county, grouped in 899 pools and tested by real-time RT-PCR for WNV and USUV RNA. All pools were negative for WNV while one pool each from 2016 (Aedes albopictus), 2017 (Culex pipiens complex), 2018 (Cx. pipiens complex), and 2019 (Cx. pipiens complex), respectively, was positive for USUV. The 2018 and 2019 positive pools shared 99.31% nucleotide homology within the USUV NS5 gene and both clustered within USUV Europe 2 lineage. The next-generation sequencing of one mosquito pool (Cx. pipiens complex) collected in 2018 in Zagreb confirmed the presence of USUV and revealed several dsDNA and ssRNA viruses of insect, bacterial and mammalian origin.

scholarly journals First report of L1014F-kdr mutation in Culex pipiens complex from Morocco

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Bkhache ◽  
Fatim-Zohra Tmimi ◽  
Omar Charafeddine ◽  
Chafika Faraj ◽  
Anna-Bella Failloux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Kdr Mutation ◽  
First Report ◽  
Culex Pipiens Complex ◽  
L1014f Kdr

scholarly journals Effects of ultraviolet radiation on metabolic rate and fitness of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens mosquitoes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswaldo C Villena ◽  
Bahram Momen ◽  
Joseph Sullivan ◽  
Paul T Leisnham
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Rates

Environmental changes will alter many environmental factors in the coming years including temperature, precipitation, humidity, and the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface, which in turn will have an impact on living organisms like invertebrates. In this study, we assessed the effect of UV-B radiation upon the metabolic rate and upon three fitness parameters (survival, development time, and body size) of the mosquitoes Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens, and upon the production of microbial resources on which mosquito larvae feed in aquatic microcosms. We set up three UV-B radiation treatments mimicking levels typically measured in full-sun (FS) and shade (S) conditions, as well as a control group with no UV-B radiation (NUV). The metabolic rate expressed as heat production (µwatts/ml) for larvae and microbial community was measured at days 1, 8, and 15. Our results indicated that UV-B radiation affected the metabolic rate of both Cx. pipiens and Ae. albopictus larvae; metabolic rates were significantly higher in full-sun (FS) compared to shade (S) and no-UV condition (NUV), at days 8 and 15 compared to day 1 (Figures 1A and 1B). Culex pipiens metabolic rates were significantly higher than Ae. albopictus at day 15 compared to days 1 and 8 (Figure 1B). Metabolic rates were significantly lower in microbial communities from vials with Ae. albopictus larvae, Cx. pipiens larvae, and no larvae in FS conditions compared to vials from S and NUV conditions, especially at day 8 (Figure 2A and 2B). There was a major effect of UV-B conditions only on the survival of Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens mosquitoes, with significantly lower survival in FS compared to S and NUV conditions. UV-B radiation at levels found in aquatic environments in open fields showed a negative impact on the metabolic rate of Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens larvae and on the microbial communities on which they feed. These negative impacts could have important implications for the distribution and abundance of these mosquitoes and for the transmission rate of illness caused by the pathogens that these two broadly distributed mosquitoes transmit.

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