scholarly journals Food colouring as a new possibility to study diet ingestion and honeydew excretion by aphids

2017 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Joschinski ◽  
Jochen Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Honeydew Excretion

Quantification of antibiosis levels in nine different rice genotypes against Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 330-339
Author(s):  
P. S. Sarao ◽  
J. S. Bentur
Keyword(s):  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Damage Score ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Honeydew Excretion ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Better Than

AbstractStudies on different parameters of antibiosis to simultaneously compare diverse genotypes with different resistance levels are lacking. Such studies are necessary to identify the genetic variability among resistant genotypes, which, ultimately, can lead to the identification of resistance genes with diverse mechanisms. The current study was undertaken to quantify antibiosis levels in nine rice genotypes against the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), under glasshouse conditions using nine parameters. Among these genotypes, RP2068-18-3-5 and Ptb33 displayed significantly better performance as compared to other genotypes in most of the parameters studied and did not differ from each other. Rathu Heenati was the best in unfertilised eggs laid and similar to the above two genotypes regarding percent of nymphal survival. All the test genotypes performed significantly better than the susceptible check TN1, though INRC3021 did not differentiate from the former in some tests. The overall damage score was positively and significantly correlated with the amount of honeydew excretion, percent nymphal survival and emergence, the proportion of brachypterous females, female population, and growth index, and were negatively and significantly correlated with percent unfertilised eggs laid and nymphal development period. Regression analysis revealed a significant linear relationship between damage score and nymphal emergence, nymphal survival percentage, and proportion of brachypterous females. RP2068-18-3-5 is the new source of BPH resistance identified through this study, which breeders can further use in resistance breeding.

Uptake, excretion and respiration of sucrose and amino acids in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum

1996 ◽  
Vol 199 (6) ◽  
pp. 1269-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Rhodes ◽  
P Croghan ◽  
A Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Excretion Rate ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
Honeydew Excretion

Ingestion, excretion and respiration in aphids were studied using artificial diets labelled with radioactive sucrose or amino acids. The rate of ingestion of a 25 % w/v sucrose diet was 12.4 nl mg-1 h-1 and the honeydew excretion rate was 5.3 nl mg-1 h-1, about 43 % of the volume ingested during the same period. The concentration of sugars in the honeydew was equivalent to 0.53 mol l-1 sucrose and 69 % of the sucrose ingested was assimilated. The amino acid concentration of honeydew was 24.6 mmol l-1 and 94 % of the ingested amino acids were assimilated. Respiration was measured by collecting respired 14CO2 using a chamber which allowed the aphids to feed during the experiments on 14C-labelled artificial diets. While feeding on a 25 % w/v sucrose diet, sucrose was respired at the rate of 1.32x10(-6) mmol mg-1 h-1, equivalent to 0.354 µl O2 mg-1 h-1, which was 14.6 % of the rate of ingestion. There was no evidence that reducing the dietary sucrose concentration from 22 to 11 % w/v had any effect on the rate at which sucrose was respired. Amino acids were respired at a rate of 0.14x10(-6) mmol mg-1 h-1, which was 6.4 % of the rate of ingestion. Dietary sucrose was oxidised in preference to amino acids.

Spatial trade-offs in the digestive and reproductive systems of grape phylloxera

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Andrews ◽  
D. Kemper ◽  
K. S. Powell ◽  
P. D. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Posterior Chamber ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Daktulosphaira Vitifoliae ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Honeydew Excretion ◽  
Dispersal Events

Trade-offs between reproduction and other energy-requiring activities are present in insects. However, feeding and reproduction are not often thought to be trade-offs, although in small insects space may be limiting for both ingestion of food and egg development. This study characterised the structure of the digestive system of radicicolae Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae) to investigate how feeding and egg development occur in this species. Using light and electron microscopy, the midgut of D. vitifoliae was observed to be composed of anterior and posterior regions, separated by a hindgut connection. The midgut is compressed during the development of parthenogenetically produced eggs in adults; individual eggs are ~30% of the adult length and in volume internally occupy 3–5% of the body cavity. The midgut posterior chamber is suggested to be essential for the continual supply of energy during periods of reduced food intake. The presence of the hindgut and an anal opening indicated that waste excretion through the anus was physiologically possible, although honeydew excretion was not observed. The structure of the digestive system of radicicolae D. vitifoliae is atypical, containing adaptations that may assist the survival of the monophagous insect during dispersal events to a new Vitis food source.

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