Feeding behaviour of a virus-vector leafhopper on host and non-host plants characterised by electrical penetration graphs

2015 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergely Tholt ◽  
Ferenc Samu ◽  
Balázs Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graphs

Influence of selected plant amines on probing behaviour of bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sempruch ◽  
S. Goławska ◽  
P. Osiński ◽  
B. Leszczyński ◽  
P. Czerniewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graphs ◽  
Defence Responses ◽  
Plant Defence Responses ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Probing Behaviour

AbstractThe study aimed to quantify the influence of common plant polyamines and tyramine on probing behaviour in the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.). Electrical penetration graphs (DC) were used to monitor the probing and feeding behaviour of R. padi exposed to the amines agmatine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine and tyramine. The study results showed that the analyzed amines tended to shorten the stylet activity of aphids in the gels (as indicated by the g-C pattern), prolong the duration of non-probing behaviour (g-np pattern) and decrease salivation into the gels (g-E1pattern) and ingestion from the gels (g-G pattern). The 10 mM concentration of the studied amines, especially cadaverine, reduced or completely inhibited aphid ingestion. The obtained results demonstrate that plant amines participate in plant defence responses to R. padi through disturbance of its probing behaviour and the intensity of such effects is concentration dependent.

African cassava mosaic virus (African cassava mosaic).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Joseph Alabi ◽  
Rabson M. Mulenga
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
African Cassava Mosaic Virus ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Cotton Species ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Whitefly Vector ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Virus

Abstract Cassava is vegetatively propagated therefore ACMV and other CMGs are primarily transmitted via movement of contaminated cuttings. Consequently, introductions of specific CMGs into new localities mirror patterns of cassava cuttings exchange among farmers. Once infected cuttings are planted, the virus establishes easily and can be transmitted within and between fields through the feeding behaviour of the whitefly vector, Bemisia tabaci. ACMV is particularly invasive in that it is the most widespread of all known CMGs, occurring across all cassava-producing countries of Africa in cassava and several alternative host plants (Thottappilly et al., 2003; Alabi et al. 2015). ACMV has also been reported infecting non-cultivated exotic cotton species in Pakistan (Nawaz-Ul-Rehman et al., 2012) further underscoring its invasive nature. Yield loss due to CMD can range from 12 to 82%, depending on the cassava variety and infection type (Owor et al., 2004). ACMV is not on the IUCN or ISSG alert list.

scholarly journals Observations on the Feeding of the Virus Vector Orosi Us Argent Atus (Evans), and Comparisons With Certain Other Jassids

1952 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Day ◽  
H Irzykiewicz ◽  
Anne Mckinnon
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Ph Gradient ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Phloem Tissue

Examination of feeding tracks of several species of jassids in plant petioles shows that each species produces characteristic stylet sheaths. Most species feed in both parenchyma and vascular bundles and they exhibit varying degrees of preference for phloem tissue. An attempt to confirm published observations on a pH gradient towards the phloem failed to reveal such a gradient in many of the plants examined; in fact, it has been demonstrated that no such gradient is required to explain the feeding behaviour of the jassids studied. It is concluded that they find .the tissues upon which they feed by random probing with the stylets.

Electrically recorded feeding behaviour of cassava mealybug on host and non-host plants

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Calatayud ◽  
Y. Rahbé ◽  
W. F. Tjallingii ◽  
M. Tertuliano ◽  
B. Rü
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Cassava Mealybug

Host specificity and seed dispersal of Psittacanthus robustus (Loranthaceae) in south-east Brazil

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ferreira Monteiro ◽  
Rogério Parentoni Martins ◽  
Kikyo Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Dispersal Agent ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTPsittacanthus robustus (Loranthaceae) is a Neotropical mistletoe which grows mainly on species of Vochysiaceae in Brazilian ‘cerrado’ regions. Its parasitizing pattern involves: (a) the height and the aspect of the crown of the host-plants; (b) the presence of sticky substance in the fruits of the parasite; and (c) the feeding behaviour and habitat selection of the dispersal agent, the swallowtanager Tersina viridis viridis. The feeding behaviour of this bird on fruits of P. robustus facilitates seed release and seedling establishment; its foraging habit and habitat selection account for high concentrations of the parasites on their preferred host-plants.

Brevipalpus Species Vectoring Citrus Leprosis Virus (Cilevirus and Dichorhavirus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1628-1634
Author(s):  
Leticia M Ferreira ◽  
Maria A Nunes ◽  
Thaís E Sinico ◽  
Alex J Soares ◽  
Valdenice M Novelli
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Vector Specificity ◽  
False Spider Mites ◽  
Citrus Leprosis ◽  
False Spider ◽  
Virus C

Abstract Citrus leprosis (CL) is one of the most devastating viral diseases of orchards, and industries correspondingly invest highly in the management and control of the virus vector. In Brazil, the disease is caused most predominantly by the citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C, Kitaviridae: Cilevirus), and also by citrus leprosis virus N (CiLV-N, Rhabdoviridae: Dichorhavirus). Both viruses are transmitted by false spider mites and at least three different species, Brevipalpus yothersi Baker, B. papayensis Baker, and B. phoenicis (Geijskes) sensu stricto, have been reported in citrus orchards. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the capacity of three Brevipalpus species to transmit citrus leprosis virus (cytoplasmic and nuclear types). The capacity of false spider mites to acquire the virus was accomplished using RT–PCR and the ability to inoculation the virus to host plants (common bean and sweet orange) was assessed via viral transmission assays. Common beans infested with B. yothersi and B. papayensis showed symptoms of CiLV-C in 87.5 and 17% of the plants assessed, respectively. In sweet orange, B. yothersi was exclusively able to inoculate CiLV-C, and around 83% of samples were symptomatic. Host plants infected with CiLV-N showed symptoms only when infested with B. phoenicis sensu stricto (s.s.). All the Brevipalpus species (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) were able to acquire both viruses (CiLV-C and CiLV-N), but not infect plants. These results suggest the existence of virus-vector specificity in the leprosis pathosystem, and this information will be critical for enhancing our further understanding of epidemiological features and disease management.

scholarly journals The effects of condensed tannins on behaviour and performance of a specialist aphid on Aspen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Diez Rodríguez ◽  
Karen Kloth ◽  
Benedicte Albrectsen
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graphs ◽  
Aphid Feeding ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
And Performance

The plant defence syndromes (PDSs) concept predicts host plants should develop diverse resistance profiles against their herbivores. We used Electrical Penetration Graphs (EPG) to investigate complex and genotype-specific penetration-barriers to Chaitophorous tremulae aphid feeding on Aspen (Populus tremula). Leaf condensed tannins were associated with enhanced probing activity and increased ingestion of xylem sap. Aphids probed less on Aspen genotypes low in tannins, suggesting other defence traits might be elicited. Our results support the idea of multi-layered PDS defence traits, and provide evidence of high plasticity in tannin profiles across temporal and spatial scales. We conclude that tannin plasticity may form a dynamically unpredictable aspect of the PDS defence arsenal that protects Aspen against piercing-sucking aphids.

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