Photoperiodism of diapause induction and diapause termination inOstrinia furnacalis

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Zhong Yang ◽  
Xiao-Yun Tu ◽  
Qin-Wen Xia ◽  
Hai-Min He ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Diapause Termination

scholarly journals Geographic Variation of Diapause Induction and Termination in the Spider Mite Tetrαnychus urticαe: Α mini-review

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Koveos ◽  
A. Veerman
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Diapause Termination ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Critical Daylength ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

In eight strains of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), originating from different localities in Europe, the critical daylength for diapause induction and termination was almost the same in each strain but varied with the latitudinal origin of the strains; critical daylength was shorter in strains originating from lower latitudes and longer in those from higher latitudes. Diapause intensity, measured as the period of chilling required for diapause termination under a short day photoperiod (LD 10:14) and 19°C, again varied with the latitudinal origin of each strain, being higher the more northern the origin of the strain. An exception were two mountain strains which showed a longer critical daylength and a deeper diapause than expected on the basis of their latitudinal origin. The number of long-day (LD 17:7) cycles required for 50% diapause termination after a certain period of chilling was higher in the northern and lower in the southern strains. These results indicate that geographic strains of T urticae may differ considerably in their diapause attributes, which may be explained as an adaptation to local climatic conditions. The great plasticity of the diapause response may, among other factors, have been responsible for the wide distribution of this mite species.

INDUCTION AND TERMINATION OF DIAPAUSE IN THE FACE FLY, MUSCA AUTUMNALIS (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE), IN THE LABORATORY

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. N. Caldwell ◽  
R. E. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Total Darkness ◽  
Diapause Termination ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
The Face ◽  
Musca Autumnalis

AbstractDiapause induction studies showed that face flies, Musca autumnalis De Geer, from a recently established colony, entered diapause more readily than those that had been colonized for many years. Photoperiods of less than 16 h of light induced diapause at 16° and 27 °C but more flies entered diapause at 16°C. Maximum numbers of flies entered diapause under total darkness at 16°C, but the critical photoperiod corresponding to natural periods of daylight in late summer was 15 h of light at 16°C. Diapause termination studies indicated that 4 months’ exposure to 5 °C under total darkness was required for the termination of diapause.

The effect of photoperiod on diapause induction, and temperature on diapause termination in embryos of Aedes campestris Dyar and Knab (Diptera: Culicidae)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tauthong ◽  
R. A. Brust
Keyword(s):  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Northern Population ◽  
Diapause Termination

Populations of Aedes campestris from Manitoba and Saskatchewan were found to be either multivoltine or univoltine depending upon the geographical region from which the adults were collected. Three southern populations (from 49–52° N) were found to be totally multivoltine, whereas a northern population (58° N) was found to be partially (36%) univoltine. The latter fraction was designated as univoltine because the eggs entered an obligatory diapause after oviposition. When univoltine eggs were placed at 30 °C for a period of 10 days, 59% of the eggs hatched when subjected to a hatching stimulus.Facultative dispause was induced in eggs of multivoltine populations of A. campestris, by subjecting fully embryonated eggs to photoperiods of less than 14 h per day. For example, after 30 days at 8 h light: 16 h dark 73% of the eggs entered diapause.

scholarly journals Geographic Variation in Diapause Induction: The Grape Berry Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1751-1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jody Timer ◽  
Patrick C. Tobin ◽  
Michael C. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Diapause Induction

Plasticity of nutrient accumulation patterns in diapausing fall webworm pupae

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lvquan Zhao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ying Qiu ◽  
Alex S. Torson
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Energy Reserve ◽  
Short Photoperiod ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Fall Webworm ◽  
Diapause Incidence

Abstract The accumulation of nutrients during diapause preparation is crucial because any lack of nutrition will reduce the likelihood of insects completing diapause, thereby decreasing their chances of survival and reproduction. The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, diapause as overwintering pupae and their diapause incidence and diapause intensity are regulated by the photoperiod. In this study, we test the hypothesis that photoperiod influences energy reserve accumulation during diapause preparation in fall webworm. We found that the body size and mass, lipid and carbohydrate content of pupae with a short photoperiod during the diapause induction phase were significantly greater than those of pupae with a relatively short photoperiod, and the efficiency of converting digested food and ingested food into body matter was greater in the short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae than the relatively short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae. We also observed higher lipase and amylase activities in short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae relative to the counterparts. However, no obvious difference was found in protein and protease in the pupae with a short photoperiod during the diapause induction phase and short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae compared with the counterparts. Therefore, we conclude that the energy reserve patterns of diapausing fall webworm pupae are plastic and that short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae increase their energy reserves by improving their feeding efficiency and increase their lipid and carbohydrate stores by increasing the lipase and amylase activities in the midgut.

scholarly journals The β-oxidation pathway is downregulated during diapause termination in Calanus copepods

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Skottene ◽  
Ann M. Tarrant ◽  
Anders J. Olsen ◽  
Dag Altin ◽  
Mari-Ann Østensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Diapause Termination ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Field Samples

Abstract Calanus copepods are keystone species in marine ecosystems, mainly due to their high lipid content, which is a nutritious food source for e.g. juvenile fish. Accumulated lipids are catabolized to meet energy requirements during dormancy (diapause), which occurs during the last copepodite stage (C5). The current knowledge of lipid degradation pathways during diapause termination is limited. We characterized changes in lipid fullness and generated transcriptional profiles in C5s during termination of diapause and progression towards adulthood. Lipid fullness of C5s declined linearly during developmental progression, but more β-oxidation genes were upregulated in early C5s compared to late C5s and adults. We identified four possible master regulators of energy metabolism, which all were generally upregulated in early C5s, compared to late C5s and adults. We discovered that one of two enzymes in the carnitine shuttle is absent from the calanoid copepod lineage. Based on the geographical location of the sampling site, the field-samples were initially presumed to consist of C. finmarchicus. However, the identification of C. glacialis in some samples underlines the need for performing molecular analyses to reliably identify Calanus species. Our findings contributes to a better understanding of molecular events occurring during diapause and diapause termination in calanoid copepods.

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