Predation of cotton bollworm by green lacewings in the presence of cotton aphid as alternative prey on transgenic Bt and conventional cotton

2012 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Habibullah Bahar ◽  
John Stanley ◽  
Peter Gregg ◽  
Alice Del Socorro
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Bollworm ◽  
Alternative Prey ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Green Lacewings

scholarly journals Multidecadal, county-level analysis of the effects of land use, Bt cotton, and weather on cotton pests in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (33) ◽  
pp. E7700-E7709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yanhui Lu ◽  
Wopke van der Werf ◽  
Jikun Huang ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Cotton Bollworm ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Cotton Pests ◽  
Unused Land

Long-term changes in land use, climate, and agricultural technologies may affect pest severity and management. The influences of these major drivers can only be identified by analyzing long-term data. This study examines panel data on land use, adoption of genetically modified Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insect-resistant cotton, weather, pest severity, and insecticide use on three major cotton pests for 51 counties in China during 1991–2015. Bt cotton had pervasive effects on the whole pest complex in cotton and its management. Adoption resulted in major reductions in insecticide use for bollworm control. The resulting restoration of aphid biological control decreased aphid severity. However, mirid bugs, which have few effective natural enemies in cotton, increased in severity with warming May and reduced insecticide spraying against bollworm. The effects of landscape on pest severity were pest specific. The severity of cotton aphid and mirid bugs decreased with higher land use diversity, but the severity of highly polyphagous cotton bollworm was unrelated to land use diversity. Shares of forest, water body, and unused land area were negatively associated with the severity of mirid bugs, whereas cotton bollworm responded positively to the shares of water body and unused land area. Farmers sprayed insecticides at mild infestation levels and responded aggressively to severe bollworm outbreaks. Findings support the usefulness of Bt-based plant resistance as a component of integrated pest management (IPM) but highlight the potential for unexpected outcomes resulting from agro-ecosystem feedback loops as well as the importance of climate.

Alternative prey and farming system mediate predation of Colorado potato beetles by generalists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A Lynch ◽  
Olivia M Smith ◽  
Eric G Chapman ◽  
Michael S Crossley ◽  
David W Crowder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Farming System ◽  
Alternative Prey

scholarly journals Transgenerational Effects of a Neonicotinoid and a Novel Sulfoximine Insecticide on the Harlequin Ladybird

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Changchun Dai ◽  
Michele Ricupero ◽  
Zequn Wang ◽  
Nicolas Desneux ◽  
Antonio Biondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Harlequin Ladybird

The harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is a generalist predator and an effective biocontrol agent of various insect pests that has been exploited for the control of aphid pests in the greenhouse and field. However, insecticides are widely used to control aphid pests worldwide and the potential non-target effects of sulfoxaflor and imidacloprid for controlling aphid pests towards this biocontrol agent are little known. Although both sulfoxaflor and imidacloprid act on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of insects, sulfoxaflor has a novel chemical structure compared with neonicotinoids. We assessed the lethal, sublethal and transgenerational effects of sulfoxaflor and imidacloprid on H. axyridis simultaneously exposed via ingestion of contaminated prey and via residual contact on the host plant at LC20 and LC50 doses estimated for the cotton aphid. Imidacloprid significantly reduced the survival of H. axyridis adults compared to sulfoxaflor at the same lethal concentration against cotton aphid. Both concentrations of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor reduced the proportion of ovipositing females, and both concentrations of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor, except LC20 dose of sulfoxaflor, reduced the fecundity and fertility of the parental generation. In the progeny of imidacloprid- and sulfoxaflor-exposed parents, both tested LC50 concentrations significantly decreased the juvenile survival rate, and both concentrations of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor, except LC20 dose of sulfoxaflor, prolonged the development time. Our findings provide evidence of the negative influence of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor at low lethal concentrations on the harlequin ladybird and on the progeny of exposed individuals, i.e., transgenerational effects. Hence, these findings stress the importance of optimizing the applications of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor for the control of aphid pests, aiming at preserving the biocontrol services provided by H. axyridis throughout the integrated pest management approach.

scholarly journals Transformation and functional verification of Cry5Aa in cotton

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihao Zhao ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Qiuping Zhang ◽  
Jiayi Zou ◽  
Zhangshu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Insect Resistance ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Cotton Bollworm ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Functional Verification ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transgenic Strains

AbstractMost of the cotton bollworm-resistant genes applied in cotton are more than 20 years and they all belong to Cry1Ab/c family, but the insect-resistant effects of Cry5Aa on cotton were rarely reported. The possible risk of resistance is increasing. The study synthesized a novel bollworm-resistant gene Cry5Aa artificially based on preferences of cotton codon. The new gene was transferred to cotton through the method of pollen tube pathway. The transgenic strains were identified by kanamycin test in field and laboratory PCR analysis. Meanwhile, an insect resistance test was conducted by artificial bollworm feeding with transgenic leaves and GK19 was used as a control in this study. Results showed that rate of positive transgenic strains with kanamycin resistance in the first generation (T1), the second generation (T2) and the third generation (T3) respectively were 7.76%, 73.1% and 95.5%. However, PCR analysis showed that the positive strain rate in T1, T2 and T3 were 2.35%, 55.8% and 94.5%, respectively. The resistant assay of cotton bollworm showed that the mortality rate of the second, third and fourth instar larva feed by the transgenic cotton leaves, were 85.42%, 73.35% and 62.79%, respectively. There was a significant difference between transgenic plant of Cry5Aa and GK19 in insect resistance. Finally, we also conducted the further analysis of gene expression patterns, gene flow and the effect on non-target pest in the study. The results showed that Cry5Aa gene had less environmental impact, and Cry5Aa has been transferred successfully and expressed stably in cotton. Therefore, the novel bollworm resistance gene can partially replace the current insect-resistance gene of Lepidoptera insects.

Crown-of-thorns starfish larvae are vulnerable to predation even in the presence of alternative prey

Coral Reefs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zara-Louise Cowan ◽  
Scott D. Ling ◽  
Ciemon F. Caballes ◽  
Symon A. Dworjanyn ◽  
Morgan S. Pratchett
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Prey

Identification of Semiochemicals Released by Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, Upon Infestation by the Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahabaleshwar Hegde ◽  
Janser N. Oliveira ◽  
Joao G. da Costa ◽  
Ervino Bleicher ◽  
Antonio E. G. Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Cotton Aphid
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