Adverse events of surgical extrusion in treatment for crown-root and cervical root fractures: a systematic review of case series/reports

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elkhadem ◽  
Sharon Mickan ◽  
Derek Richards
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Crown Root ◽  
Root Fractures ◽  
Cervical Root

scholarly journals Effectiveness of surgical fixation for lateral compression type one (LC-1) fragility fractures of the pelvis: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e024737
Author(s):  
Alison Booth ◽  
Helen Margaret Ann Ingoe ◽  
Matthew Northgraves ◽  
Elizabeth Coleman ◽  
Melissa Harden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Lateral Compression ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Surgical Fixation ◽  
And Function

ObjectivesTo undertake a systematic review of the evidence base for the effectiveness of surgical fixation of lateral compression (LC-1) fragility fractures of the pelvis compared with non-surgical approaches.SearchesMEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and two international trials registers were searched up to January 2017 (MEDLINE to February 2019) for studies of internal or external fixation of fragility fractures of the pelvis.ParticipantsPatients with lateral compression pelvic fractures, sustained as the result of a low-energy mechanism, defined as a fall from standing height or less.InterventionsSurgery using either external or internal fixation devices. Conservative non-surgical treatment was the defined comparator.Outcome measuresOutcomes of interest were patient mobility and function, pain, quality of life, fracture union, mortality, hospital length of stay and complications (additional operative procedures, number and type of adverse events and serious adverse events).Quality assessment and synthesisThe Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Case Series was used to assess the included studies. Results were presented in a narrative synthesis.ResultsOf 3421 records identified, four retrospective case series met the inclusion criteria. Fixation types were not consistent between studies or within studies and most patients had more than one type of pelvic fixation. Where reported, mobility and function improved post-surgery, and a reduction in pain was recorded. Length of hospital stay ranged from 4 days to 54 days for surgical fixation of any type. Reported complications and adverse outcomes included: infections, implant loosening, pneumonia and thrombosis. Use of analgesia was not reported.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to support guidance on the most effective treatment for patients who fail to mobilise after sustaining an LC-1 fragility fracture.Trial registration numberCRD42017055872.

scholarly journals Efficacy and harms of remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Piscoya ◽  
Luis Fernando Ng-Sueng ◽  
Angela Parra del Riego ◽  
Renato Cerna-Viacava ◽  
Vinay Pasupuleti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated the efficacy and safety of remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19.MethodsSystematic review in five engines, pre-print webpages and RCT registries until May 22, 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies evaluating remdesivir on confirmed, COVID-19 adults with pneumonia and/or respiratory insufficiency. Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, clinical improvement or recovery, need for invasive ventilation, and serious adverse events (SAE). Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, progression of pneumonia, and adverse events (AE). Inverse variance random effects meta-analyses were performed.ResultsTwo placebo-controlled RCTs (n=1300) and two case series (n=88) were included. All studies used remdesivir 200mg IV the first day and 100mg IV for 9 more days, and followed up until 28 days. Wang et al. RCT was stopped early due to AEs; ACTT-1 was preliminary reported at 15-day follow up. Time to clinical improvement was not decreased in Wang et al. RCT, but median time to recovery was decreased by 4 days in ACTT-1. Remdesivir did not decrease all-cause mortality (RR 0.71, 95%CI 0.39 to 1.28) and need for invasive ventilation at 14 days (RR 0.57, 95%CI 0.23 to 1.42), but had fewer SAEs (RR 0.77, 95%CI 0.63 to 0.94). AEs were similar between remdesivir and placebo arms. Risk of bias ranged from some concerns to high risk in RCTs.InterpretationThere is paucity of adequately powered and fully reported RCTs evaluating effects of remdesivir in adult, hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Remdesivir should not be recommended for the treatment of severe COVID-19.

scholarly journals Repurposing of drugs for Covid-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinky Kotecha ◽  
Alexander Light ◽  
Enrico Checcucci ◽  
Daniele Amparore ◽  
Cristian Fiori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the data currently available regarding the repurposing of different drugs for Covid-19 treatment. Participants with suspected or diagnosed Covid-19 will be included. The interventions being considered are drugs being repurposed, and comparators will include standard of care treatment or placebo.MethodsWe searched Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, clinical trial registration site in the UK(NIHR), Europe (clinicaltrialsregister.eu), US (ClinicalTrials.gov) and internationally (isrctn.com), and reviewed the reference lists of articles for eligible articles published up to April 22, 2020. All studies in English that evaluated the efficacy of the listed drugs were included. Cochrane RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tool were used to assess study quality. This systematic review adheres to the PRISMA guidelines. The protocol is available at PROSPERO (CRD42020180915).ResultsFrom 708 identified studies or clinical trials, 16 studies and 16 case reports met our eligibility criteria. Of these, 6 were randomized controlled trials (763 patients), 7 cohort studies (321 patients) and 3 case series (191 patients). Chloroquine (CQ) had a 100% discharge rate compared to 50% with lopinavir-ritonavir at day 14, however a trial has recommended against a high dosage due to cardiotoxic events. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has shown no significant improvement in negative seroconversion rate which is also seen in our meta-analysis (p=0.68). Adverse events with HCQ have a significant difference compared to the control group (p=0.001). Lopinavir-ritonavir has shown no improvement in time to clinical improvement which is seen in our meta-analyses (p=0.1). Remdesivir has shown no significant improvement in time to clinical improvement but this trial had insufficient power.DiscussionDue to the paucity in evidence, it is difficult to establish the efficacy of these drugs in the treatment of Covid-19 as currently there is no significant clinical effectiveness of the repurposed drugs. Further large clinical trials are required to achieve more reliable findings. A risk-benefit analysis is required on an individual basis to weigh out the potential improvement in clinical outcome and viral load reduction compared to the risks of the adverse events. (1-16)

scholarly journals Adverse Events Associated with Yoga: A Systematic Review of Published Case Reports and Case Series

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e75515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Cramer ◽  
Carol Krucoff ◽  
Gustav Dobos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series

scholarly journals Crown-Root Fractures in Primary Teeth: A Case Series Study of 28 Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Polina Pereira da Costa ◽  
Luisa Jardim Correa Oliveira ◽  
Denise Paiva Rosa¹ ◽  
Mariana Gonzalez Cademartori ◽  
Dione Dias Torriani(in memoriam)
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Crown Root ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Reference Service ◽  
Root Fractures ◽  
Simple Fracture ◽  
Series Study ◽  
Total Extraction

Abstract Crown-root fractures in primary teeth are rare, with a wide variation of patterns that make diagnosis and treatment difficult. The aim of this study was to present a case series of crown-root fractures in primary teeth of children who attended a reference center. The study followed 28 cases of crown-root fractures in 26 children, representing 4% of the total number of attendees over 11 years of reference service at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. In most cases, the maxillary central incisors (85.7%) were involved. In the crown, 57.1% of the cases had a simple line of fracture, and 42.9% had multiple lines. Simple lines predominated in the root (89.3%). In cases with simple fracture lines in the crown, 37.6% underwent a total extraction, 31.2% required a partial extraction and 31.2% underwent pulpectomy. In most teeth with multiple lines of fractures in the crown, total extraction was performed (91.7%) All cases were followed-up until the eruption of the permanent successor tooth, and all patients had favorable outcomes.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Voxelotor in Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 35-35
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ashar Ali ◽  
Anam Khan ◽  
Sana Irfan Khan ◽  
Sobia Aamir ◽  
Saad Ur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Reticulocyte Count ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Grade 3

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is caused by mutation of beta-globin chain alleles, with the involvement of at least one sickle mutation. Sickling of red cells leads to hemolytic anemia, vaso-occlusions, and inflammation. Voxelotor (GBT440) is a hemoglobin modulator that prevents polymerization by increasing the affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of voxelotor in SCD patients. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed to perform the literature search and selection of articles for this systematic review. A search was performed using databases including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, and clinicaltrials.gov. We used the following keywords, "Voxelotor" OR "Benzaldehydes" OR "GBT440" AND "Sickle Cell Anemia" from the inception of literature till 04/25/2020. Out of 475 articles, we screened and included three clinical trials and a case series measuring the efficacy (i-e, change in Hemoglobin (Hb), Hb modification, etc.) and safety (adverse events) in clinical terms (N=359). We excluded case reports, pre-clinical studies, review articles, and meta-analysis. RESULTS: We included data on 359 patients, with 12-67 years of age. In Blyden et al. 2018, authors presented a case series of 7 patients with advanced SCD treated with 700 mg-1500 mg voxelotor. With treatment, vaso-occlusive episodes related hospitalizations decreased by 67%, hemoglobin levels, and markers of hemolysis improved in all patients. Authors in Hutchaleelaha et al. 2019 randomly assigned 24 participants to a once-daily dose of 900 mg, 600 mg, 300 mg voxelotor, and placebo for 15 days. With treatment, hemoglobin modification was maximum in the 900 mg voxelotor group. Headache and diarrhea were the only adverse events related to voxelotor treatment. No grade 3 adverse events were reported. In phase I/II trial by Howard et al. 2019, (n=54) 38 patients were followed for 28 days, and 16 patients were followed for >90 days. The compliance for study drug was 91%. In the 28-day cohort, treatment with 1000 mg of voxelotor showed maximum improvement in hemoglobin level, reticulocyte count, and unconjugated bilirubin. In >90-day cohort, the improvement in hemoglobin, unconjugated bilirubin, and reticulocyte count were statistically significant in favor of 900 mg voxelotor treatment as compared to placebo (p<0.05). LDH showed variability with treatment. Vaso-occlusive episodes seen in voxelotor groups were reported when the treatment was on hold or after the last dose. No grade ≥3 adverse events were reported. In a randomized placebo-controlled phase III clinical trial by Vichinsky et al. 2019, two doses of voxelotor 1500 mg (N=90) and 900 mg (N=92) were compared with placebo (N=92). 12-65 years old SCD patients were followed for 24 weeks. After treatment, improvement in hemoglobin was statistically significant in favor of 1500 mg voxelotor vs. placebo. Moreover, markers of hemolysis, reticulocyte count, and indirect bilirubin levels were also significantly improved in favor of 1500mg voxelotor treatment vs. placebo. The incidence of vaso-occlusive crisis episodes was similar in 1500 mg, 700 mg, and placebo groups (p>0.05). Treatment-related adverse events were seen in 94%, 93%, and 89% of participants in 1500mg, 700mg, and placebo groups, respectively. (Table 1) There are 6 ongoing clinical trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov (n=665) to determine the efficacy and safety of high doses of voxelotor and its use in children below 12 years. (Table 2) Conclusion: Voxelotor has an acceptable safety profile in sickle cell disease patients of 12 years or older. Voxelotor has shown a dose-dependent improvement in hemoglobin levels and markers of hemolysis, which is associated with a reduction in end-organ damage. Moreover, the increase in hemoglobin was not associated with an increase in vaso-occlusive crisis episodes, in contrast to the other hemoglobin modulator (senicapoc). Additional large prospective multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these results. Disclosures Anwer: Incyte, Seattle Genetics, Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, AbbVie Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Celegene, Millennium Pharmaceuticals.:Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Tolerability of Lacosamide in Lennox–Gastaut Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Kumar Panda ◽  
Indar Kumar Sharawat ◽  
Lesa Dawman ◽  
Pragnya Panda ◽  
Ananthanarayanan Kasinathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Seizure Frequency ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Serious Adverse Events

Abstract Purpose Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is one of the most difficult to treat childhood-onset epileptic encephalopathies. There is growing evidence that lacosamide is safe and efficacious in patients and adults with refractory epilepsy. However, the evidence regarding the efficacy of lacosamide in LGS is controversial so far. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of lacosamide in patients with LGS. Methods We conducted a systematic review on MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE CENTRAL, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, collating all available literature till July 31, 2020. The qualitative review included case reports, case series, and both controlled/uncontrolled trials as well as retrospective studies, but for determining pooled estimates, we only included studies with a sample size of 5 or more. The primary outcome was the efficacy of lacosamide in patients with LGS. Clinical variables related to efficacy and adverse events attributed to lacosamide were extracted from each publication. The pooled estimate of variables related to these parameters was performed using a random-effect model. Results Of the 68 items identified by the search, 14 were reviewed as full-text. Eleven articles including two prospective and six retrospective studies fulfilled eligibility criteria and described outcomes in 81 patients (42 adults, 39 children, 60% male, range—1.4–61 years). On average, 35.2%, 27.9%, 7.3%, and 29.4% patients had > 50% reduction, < 50% reduction, no change, and worsening of seizure frequency, respectively. Although 36% of patients had adverse events like somnolence, behavioral abnormalities including irritability, aggressiveness, nausea, tremor, memory problems, dizziness, gastrointestinal discomfort, vomiting, and weight loss, no serious adverse events were noted. Conclusion The evidence available in the current literature is not sufficient to support or refute the use of lacosamide in patients with LGS. Although it is one of the possible therapeutic options worth exploring in patients with LGS, caution is still necessary, as there are reports of worsening of seizure frequency in some patients.

Fragment reattachment after complicated crown‐root fractures of anterior teeth: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyal Khandelwal ◽  
Siddharth Srinivasan ◽  
Buvaneshwari Arul ◽  
Velmurugan Natanasabapathy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Crown Root ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Root Fractures

Adverse Events after Rigid and Flexible Endoscopic Repair of Zenker’s Diverticula: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna Crawley ◽  
Salem Dehom ◽  
Shanalee Tamares ◽  
Abdullah Marghalani ◽  
Julina Ongkasuwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Vocal Fold Palsy ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective To determine adverse events after endoscopic flexible vs endoscopic rigid cricopharyngeal myotomy for treatment of Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD). Data Sources Systematic review of MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for all years according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additional studies were identified from review citations and a by hand search of manuscripts referencing ZD. Review Methods A structured literature search was conducted to identify studies for this systematic review. Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria were applied to assess study quality. For inclusion, each study had to provide data for at least 10 adult patients who had undergone endoscopic ZD repair reporting clear association with the postprocedure course in each case. Data extracted included all reported adverse events, recurrences, follow-up, and operative times. Results In total, 115 studies were included. All but 8 were retrospective case series. Sixty-one reported series of patients after rigid endoscopic stapler repair, 31 after rigid laser repair, and 13 with other rigid endoscopic instruments. Twenty-nine flexible endoscopic studies were included. Mortality, infection, and perforation were not significantly more likely in either the rigid or the flexible group, but bleeding and recurrence were more likely after flexible endoscopic techniques (20% vs <10% and 4% vs 0%, respectively). Dental injury and vocal fold palsy were reported rarely in the rigid endoscopic groups. Conclusions Adverse events are rare after endoscopic Zenker’s repair. The flexible approach minimizes exposure limitations and can be completed in some patients without general anesthesia. Transoral rigid approaches result in fewer revision surgeries compared with flexible diverticulotomy.

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