The evolving role of the orphan nuclear receptorftz-f1, a pair-rule segmentation gene

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Heffer ◽  
Nathaniel Grubbs ◽  
James Mahaffey ◽  
Leslie Pick
Keyword(s):  
Segmentation Gene ◽  
Pair Rule

Analysis of function of the pair-rule genes hairy, even-skipped and fushi tarazu in mosaic Drosophila embryos

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Lawrence ◽  
P. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
Nuclear Transplantation ◽  
Fushi Tarazu ◽  
Segmentation Gene ◽  
Hairy Cells ◽  
Analysis Of Function ◽  
Mutant Cells ◽  
Pair Rule ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

We report the first attempt of its kind to study genetic interactions using young Drosophila embryos that are mosaic for wildtype and mutant cells. Using nuclear transplantation we make mosaic embryos in which a patch of cells lacks a particular segmentation gene, A. With antibodies, we than look at the expression of another gene that is known to be downstream of gene A, with respect to the cells in the patch. We have examples of patches of hairy cells (where we monitor the effect on fushi tarazu (ftz) expression), even-skipped (monitoring ftz) and ftz (monitoring engrailed and Ultrabithorax). Our main finding is that the dependence of engrailed expression on the ftz gene is strictly cell-autonomous. This result goes some way towards explaining the dependence of Ultrabithorax expression on ftz, a dependence we show to be locally cell-autonomous within parts of parasegments 6 and 8 but non autonomous within parasegment 7.

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of odd-skipped, a zinc finger encoding segmentation gene with a novel pair-rule expression pattern.

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3795-3804 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Coulter ◽  
E. A. Swaykus ◽  
M. A. Beran-Koehn ◽  
D. Goldberg ◽  
E. Wieschaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Segmentation Gene ◽  
Pair Rule

scholarly journals The role of the segmentation gene hairy in Tribolium

2008 ◽  
Vol 218 (9) ◽  
pp. 465-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Aranda ◽  
Henrique Marques-Souza ◽  
Till Bayer ◽  
Diethard Tautz
Keyword(s):  
Segmentation Gene

scholarly journals A Screen for Genes That Interact With the Drosophila Pair-Rule Segmentation Gene fushi tarazu

Genetics ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Kankel ◽  
Dianne M. Duncan ◽  
Ian Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Fushi Tarazu ◽  
Segmentation Gene ◽  
Pair Rule

scholarly journals Embryonic expression patterns of panarthropod Teneurin-m/odd Oz genes suggest a possible function in segmentation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Segmentation Gene ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Pair Rule

AbstractBackgroundA hallmark of arthropods is their segmented body, and the so-called Drosophila segmentation gene cascade that controls this process serves as one of the best-studied gene regulatory networks. An important group of segmentation genes is represented by the pair-rule genes (PRGs). One of these genes was thought to be the type-II transmembrane protein encoding gene Tenascin-m (Ten-m (aka odd Oz)). Ten-m, however, does not have a pair-rule function in Drosophila, despite its characteristic PRG-like expression pattern. A recent study in the beetle Tribolium castaneum showed that its Ten-m gene is not expressed like a segmentation gene, and hence is very unlikely to have a function in segmentation.ResultsIn this study, I present data from a range of arthropods covering the arthropod tree of life, and an onychophoran, representing a closely related group of segmented animals. At least one ortholog of Ten-m/odz in each of these species is expressed in the form of transverse segmental stripes in the ectoderm of forming and newly formed segments – a characteristic of genes involved in segmentation.ConclusionsThe new expression data support the idea that Ten-m orthologs after all may be involved in panarthropod segmentation.

scholarly journals A dual role for DNA-binding by Runt in activation and repression of sloppy paired transcription

2021 ◽  
pp. mbc.E20-08-0509
Author(s):  
Lisa Prazak ◽  
Yasuno Iwasaki ◽  
Ah-Ram Kim ◽  
Konstantin Kozlov ◽  
Kevin King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Pair Rule

This work investigates the role of DNA-binding by Runt in regulating the sloppy-paired-1 ( slp1) gene, and in particular two distinct cis-regulatory elements that mediate regulation by Runt and other pair-rule transcription factors during Drosophila segmentation. We find that a DNA-binding defective form of Runt is ineffective at repressing both the distal (DESE) and proximal (PESE) early stripe elements of slp1 and is also compromised for DESE-dependent activation. The function of Runt-binding sites in DESE is further investigated using site-specific transgenesis and quantitative imaging techniques. When DESE is tested as an autonomous enhancer, mutagenesis of the Runt sites results in a clear loss of Runt-dependent repression but has little to no effect on Runt-dependent activation. Notably, mutagenesis of these same sites in the context of a reporter gene construct that also contains the PESE enhancer results in a significant reduction of DESE-dependent activation as well as the loss of repression observed for the autonomous mutant DESE enhancer. These results provide strong evidence that DNA-binding by Runt directly contributes to the regulatory interplay of interactions between these two enhancers in the early embryo.

Two distinct mechanisms for differential positioning of gene expression borders involving the Drosophila gap protein giant

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (19) ◽  
pp. 3765-3774 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Wu ◽  
R. Vakani ◽  
S. Small
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Gap Gene ◽  
Gap Genes ◽  
Pair Rule Gene ◽  
Differential Positioning ◽  
Pair Rule

We have combined genetic experiments and a targeted misexpression approach to examine the role of the gap gene giant (gt) in patterning anterior regions of the Drosophila embryo. Our results suggest that gt functions in the repression of three target genes, the gap genes Kruppel (Kr) and hunchback (hb), and the pair-rule gene even-skipped (eve). The anterior border of Kr, which lies 4–5 nucleus diameters posterior to nuclei that express gt mRNA, is set by a threshold repression mechanism involving very low levels of gt protein. In contrast, gt activity is required, but not sufficient for formation of the anterior border of eve stripe 2, which lies adjacent to nuclei that express gt mRNA. We propose that gt's role in forming this border is to potentiate repressive interaction(s) mediated by other factor(s) that are also localized to anterior regions of the early embryo. Finally, gt is required for repression of zygotic hb expression in more anterior regions of the embryo. The differential responses of these target genes to gt repression are critical for the correct positioning and maintenance of segmentation stripes, and normal anterior development.

Segmentation gene expression in the housefly Musca domestica

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sommer ◽  
D. Tautz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Segmentation Gene ◽  
Gap Genes ◽  
Segment Polarity ◽  
Pair Rule Gene ◽  
Segmentation Gene Expression ◽  
Early Expression ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Pair Rule

Drosophila and Musca both belong to the group of higher dipteran flies and show morphologically a very similar early development. However, these two species are evolutionary separated by at least 100 million years. This presents the opportunity for a comparative analysis of segmentation gene expression across a large evolutionary distance in a very similar embryonic background. We have analysed in detail the early expression of the maternal gene bicoid, the gap genes hunchback, Kruppel, knirps and tailless, the pair-rule gene hairy, the segment-polarity gene engrailed and the homoeotic gene Ultrabithorax. We show that the primary expression domains of these genes are conserved, while some secondary expression aspects have diverged. Most notable is the finding of hunchback expression in 11–13 stripes shortly before gastrulation, as well as a delayed expression of terminal domains of various genes. We conclude that the early developmental gene hierarchy, as it has been defined in Drosophila, is evolutionary conserved in Musca domestica.

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