scholarly journals Ecological drivers of avian community assembly along a tropical elevation gradient

Ecography ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia A. Montaño‐Centellas ◽  
Bette A. Loiselle ◽  
Morgan W. Tingley
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Avian Community

Community assembly processes along a sub-Mediterranean elevation gradient: analyzing the interdependence of trait community weighted mean and functional diversity

Plant Ecology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (12) ◽  
pp. 1139-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bricca ◽  
Luisa Conti ◽  
Maria Federico Tardella ◽  
Andrea Catorci ◽  
Marco Iocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Community Weighted Mean

scholarly journals Effect of Gap Size And Elevation On The Regeneration And Coexistence of Three Tree Species In A Subalpine Coniferous Forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangya Han ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
G. Geoff Wang ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Guohua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Gap Size ◽  
Stem Size ◽  
Subalpine Coniferous Forest ◽  
Old Growth Forest

Abstract Background: Gap size and environmental gradient have fundamental influence on the tree species coexistence and community assembly. We studied the regeneration and coexistence of three co-dominant tree species in three different gap size (large gap, 201-402 m2; medium gap, 101-200 m2; small gap, 38.8-100 m2) along an elevation gradient (between 3000m and 3500m) in an old-growth forest, on Mount Nadu in southwest China. Results: We found that the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was positively affected by gap size during the growing season. All three species had a higher regeneration density in large gaps, but the detailed response to treatments for each species depended on its stem size. Gap size had a significant positive effect on the regeneration density of Abies faxoniana small trees and Betula utilis saplings, but had no significant effect on Acer maximowiczii regeneration density. Saplings regeneration density is more sensitive to elevation compared to small trees regeneration density. Large gaps magnified the negative effects of elevation on regeneration density. Our findings indicated that Abies may maintain its regeneration advantage with low-intensity canopy disturbance, and large gap may provide excellent opportunities for broadleaf species (Betula and Acer) establishment and regeneration in this subalpine coniferous forest. Conclusion: Microhabitats heterogeneity controlled by characteristics of forest gaps along an elevation affected regeneration niche difference of tree species, which contributed to species coexistence and community assembly processes.

scholarly journals Avian community structure and habitat use of Polylepis forests along an elevation gradient

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Steven Sevillano-Rios ◽  
Amanda D. Rodewald
Keyword(s):  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
The Andes ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
High Elevations

Background. As one of the highest and most unique systems in the world, Polylepis forests are recognized both as center of endemism and diversity along the Andes and as a system under serious threat from human activities, fragmentation, and climate change. Effective conservation efforts are limited, in part, by our poor understanding of the habitat needs of the system’s flora and fauna. Methods. In 2014-2015, we studied bird communities and 19 associated local and landscape attributes within five forested glacial valleys within the Cordillera Blanca and Huascaran National Park, Peru. Birds were surveyed in dry (May-August) and wet (January-April) seasons at 130 points distributed along an elevational gradient (3,300-4,700 masl) and analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Results. A total of 50 species of birds, including 13 species of high conservation concern, were associated with four basic habitat types: (1) Polylepis sericea forests at low elevations, (2) P. weberbaueri forests at high elevations, (3) Puna grassland and (4) shrublands. Four species of conservation priority (e.g., Poospiza alticola) were strongly associated with large forest patches (~10-ha) dominated by P. sericea at lower elevations (<3,800 masl), whereas another four (e.g., Anairetes alpinus) were associated with less disturbed forests of P. weberbaueri at upper elevations (>4,200 masl). Discussion. Results suggest that, in addition to conserving large (>10-ha) P. sericea forests at lower elevations as the cornerstone for maintaining bird diversity, any high elevation (>4,200 masl) relicts of P. weberbaueri, irrespective of size, should be prioritized for conservation.

scholarly journals Avian community structure and habitat use of Polylepis forests along an elevation gradient

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Steven Sevillano-Rios ◽  
Amanda D. Rodewald
Keyword(s):  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
The Andes ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
High Elevations

Background. As one of the highest and most unique systems in the world, Polylepis forests are recognized both as center of endemism and diversity along the Andes and as a system under serious threat from human activities, fragmentation, and climate change. Effective conservation efforts are limited, in part, by our poor understanding of the habitat needs of the system’s flora and fauna. Methods. In 2014-2015, we studied bird communities and 19 associated local and landscape attributes within five forested glacial valleys within the Cordillera Blanca and Huascaran National Park, Peru. Birds were surveyed in dry (May-August) and wet (January-April) seasons at 130 points distributed along an elevational gradient (3,300-4,700 masl) and analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Results. A total of 50 species of birds, including 13 species of high conservation concern, were associated with four basic habitat types: (1) Polylepis sericea forests at low elevations, (2) P. weberbaueri forests at high elevations, (3) Puna grassland and (4) shrublands. Four species of conservation priority (e.g., Poospiza alticola) were strongly associated with large forest patches (~10-ha) dominated by P. sericea at lower elevations (<3,800 masl), whereas another four (e.g., Anairetes alpinus) were associated with less disturbed forests of P. weberbaueri at upper elevations (>4,200 masl). Discussion. Results suggest that, in addition to conserving large (>10-ha) P. sericea forests at lower elevations as the cornerstone for maintaining bird diversity, any high elevation (>4,200 masl) relicts of P. weberbaueri, irrespective of size, should be prioritized for conservation.

Avian community assembly rules: The foliage-gleaning guild

Oecologia ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Haefner
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Assembly Rules ◽  
Avian Community

scholarly journals Avian community structure and habitat use ofPolylepisforests along an elevation gradient

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3220 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Steven Sevillano-Ríos ◽  
Amanda D. Rodewald
Keyword(s):  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
The Andes ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
High Elevations ◽  
Avian Community Structure ◽  
Landscape Attributes

BackgroundAs one of the highest forest ecosystems in the world,Polylepisforests are recognized both as center of endemism and diversity along the Andes and as an ecosystem under serious threat from habitat loss, fragmentation, and climate change due to human activities. Effective conservation efforts are limited, in part, by our poor understanding of the ecology and habitat needs of the ecosystem’s flora and fauna.MethodsIn 2014–2015, we studied bird communities and 19 associated local and landscape attributes within five forested glacial valleys within the Cordillera Blanca and Huascaran National Park, Peru. We surveyed birds during the dry (May–August) and wet (January–April) seasons at 130 points distributed along an elevational gradient (3,300–4,700 m) and analyzed our data using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA).ResultsWe associated a total of 50 species of birds, including 13 species of high conservation concern, with four basic habitat types: (1)Polylepis sericeaforests at low elevations, (2)P. weberbaueriforests at high elevations, (3) Puna grassland and (4) shrublands. Four species of conservation priority (e.g., Microspingus alticola) were strongly associated with large forest patches (∼10-ha) ofP. sericeaat lower elevations (<3,800 m), whereas another four (e.g., Anairetes alpinus) were associated with less disturbed forests ofP. weberbaueriat higher elevations (>4,200 m).DiscussionResults suggest two key strategies form the cornerstones of conservation efforts: (a) protect large remnant (>10-ha)P. sericeaforests at lower elevations and (b) maintain all relicts ofP. weberbaueri, irrespective of size, at high elevations (>4,200 m).

Experimentally altered rainfall regimes and host root traits affect grassland arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coline Deveautour ◽  
Suzanne Donn ◽  
Sally Power ◽  
Kirk Barnett ◽  
Jeff Powell
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Rainfall Regimes

Future climate scenarios predict changes in rainfall regimes. These changes are expected to affect plants via effects on the expression of root traits associated with water and nutrient uptake. Associated microorganisms may also respond to these new precipitation regimes, either directly in response to changes in the soil environment or indirectly in response to altered root trait expression. We characterised arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities in an Australian grassland exposed to experimentally altered rainfall regimes. We used Illumina sequencing to assess the responses of AM fungal communities associated with four plant species sampled in different watering treatments and evaluated the extent to which shifts were associated with changes in root traits. We observed that altered rainfall regimes affected the composition but not the richness of the AM fungal communities, and we found distinctive communities in the increased rainfall treatment. We found no evidence of altered rainfall regime effects via changes in host physiology because none of the studied traits were affected by changes in rainfall. However, specific root length was observed to correlate with AM fungal richness, while concentrations of phosphorus and calcium in root tissue and the proportion of root length allocated to fine roots were correlated to community composition. Our study provides evidence that climate change and its effects on rainfall may influence AM fungal community assembly, as do plant traits related to plant nutrition and water uptake. We did not find evidence that host responses to altered rainfall drive AM fungal community assembly in this grassland ecosystem.

Functional evenness of bird communities varies along the elevational gradient in Europe: Conservation implications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Yanina
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Functional Evenness

ContextThe negative association between elevation and species richness is a well-recognized pattern in macro-ecology. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in functional evenness of breeding bird communities along an elevation gradient in Europe. MethodsUsing the bird data from the EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds we estimated an index of functional evenness which can be assumed as a measure of the potential resilience of communities.ResultsOur findings confirm the existence of a negative association between elevation and bird species richness in all European eco regions. However, we also explored a novel aspect of this relationship, important for conservation: Our findings provide evidence at large spatial scale of a negative association between the functional evenness (potential community resilience) and elevation, independent of the eco region. We also found that the Natura2000 protected areas covers the territory most in need of protection, those characterized by bird communities with low potential resilience, in hilly and mountainous areas.ConclusionsThese results draw attention to European areas occupied by bird communities characterized by a potential lower capacity to respond to strong ecological changes, and, therefore, potentially more exposed to risks for conservation.

Marine bacterioplankton consortia follow deterministic, non-neutral community assembly rules

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
KL Vergin ◽  
N Jhirad ◽  
J Dodge ◽  
CA Carlson ◽  
SJ Giovannoni
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Assembly Rules ◽  
Marine Bacterioplankton
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