scholarly journals Intertwined effects of defaunation, increased tree mortality and density compensation on seed dispersal

Ecography ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1352-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Fedriani ◽  
D. Ayllón ◽  
T. Wiegand ◽  
V. Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Density Compensation

The influence of white pine blister rust on seed dispersal in whitebark pine

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn T. McKinney ◽  
Diana F. Tomback
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Whitebark Pine ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Seed Predator ◽  
Seed Survival ◽  
Blister Rust

We tested the hypotheses that white pine blister rust ( Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch.) damage in whitebark pine ( Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) stands leads to reduced (1) seed cone density, (2) predispersal seed survival, and (3) likelihood of Clark’s Nutcracker ( Nucifraga columbiana (Wilson, 1811)) seed dispersal. We gathered data from two sets of paired forest sites in the Bitterroot Mountains of eastern Idaho and western Montana that were similar in topography, canopy structure, tree species composition, and successional stage, but differed in rust infection level, crown kill, and tree mortality. We counted initial (mid-July) and final (late August) seed cones, observed vertebrate seed predator activity, and documented nutcracker seed dispersal in study sites in 2001 and 2002. High-rust sites had higher rates of seed predation relative to cone abundance, lower predispersal seed survival, and fewer observations of nutcracker seed dispersal than paired low-rust sites. These findings suggest that as blister-rust-induced damage increases within stands in the Bitterroot Mountains, the likelihood of nutcracker seed dispersal decreases. We propose that whitebark pine in heavily rust-damaged forests may not self-regenerate and would therefore require planting of seeds or seedlings from genetically rust-resistant trees.

FRUGIVORIA E DISPERSÃO DE SEMENTES POR PEIXES

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Luciane Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Fishing Gears ◽  
Solimões River

Biotic or abiotic processes of seed dispersal are important for the maintenance of the diversity, and for the natural regeneration in tropical forests. Ichthyochory is one of the fundamental mechanisms for seed dispersal in flooded environments, as the “igapó” forests. A study on the ichthyochory of the igapós was conducted at Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, in the middle Solimões river, from June 2002 to September 2004. Monthly samples of frugivorous fish were taken, with the main fishing gears used locally. Guts of 1,688 fish caught were examined. The main species were Myloplus rubripinnis (29.21%), Hemiodus immaculatus (18.96%),Colossoma macropom um (16.23%) and Mylossoma duriventre (16.05%). The diet was made of vegetables (fruits, leave and flowers), and animals (arthropods). 53.02% of all fish caught ingested fruits. The total number of intact seeds in the stomachs and intestines were 8,069 and 5,763 respectively. About 61.9% of the Brycon melanopterus (matrinchão), 46.34% of the Brycon amazonicus (mamuri) and 30.22% of M . rubripinnis (parum ) analysed had intact seeds in their guts. Seeds of Nectandra amazonum and Genipa spruceana ingested proved to be more viable than those non-ingested by fish. The high rates of frugivory, the presence of intact seeds in the guts of fish and the greater viability of ingested seeds all suggest that these animals are important seed dispersors in the “igapó” forests of Amanã Reserve.

Mechanistic Analytical Models for Long-Distance Seed Dispersal by Wind

2005 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katul ◽  
Porporato ◽  
Nathan ◽  
Siqueira ◽  
Soons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Long Distance

Guides for Estimating Forest Stand Losses to Gypsy Moth

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Gansner ◽  
Owen W. Herrick
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Measure Data ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Field Plot ◽  
Crown Condition ◽  
As Species

Abstract People who have to make decisions about cost-effective management for gypsy moth need help in predicting and evaluating its effects. Field plot data collected during recent outbreaks in Pennsylvania are being used to develop guides for predicting forest stand losses to the pest Presented here are some of the more useful products of that effort to date. Easy-to-measure data for forest characteristics such as species composition and crown condition can be collected and applied in models that estimate potential stand and tree mortality and changes in timber value. North. J. Appl. For. 2:21-23, June 1984.

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