scholarly journals Importance of spatio–temporal connectivity to maintain species experiencing range shifts

Ecography ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun‐Long Huang ◽  
Marco Andrello ◽  
Alexandre Camargo Martensen ◽  
Santiago Saura ◽  
Dian‐Feng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Shifts ◽  
Temporal Connectivity ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Spatio‐temporal connectivity: assessing the amount of reachable habitat in dynamic landscapes

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1253-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Camargo Martensen ◽  
Santiago Saura ◽  
Marie‐Josee Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Connectivity ◽  
Dynamic Landscapes ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals How range shifts induced by climate change affect neutral evolution

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1661) ◽  
pp. 1527-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J McInerny ◽  
J.R.G Turner ◽  
H.Y Wong ◽  
J.M.J Travis ◽  
T.G Benton
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Neutral Evolution ◽  
Founder Effects ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Spatial Spread ◽  
Strategic Model ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Neutral Markers

We investigate neutral evolution during range shifts in a strategic model of a metapopulation occupying a climate gradient. Using heritable, neutral markers, we track the spatio-temporal fate of lineages. Owing to iterated founder effects (‘mutation surfing’), survival of lineages derived from the leading range limit is enhanced. At trailing limits, where habitat suitability decreases, survival is reduced (mutations ‘wipe out’). These processes alter (i) the spatial spread of mutations, (ii) origins of persisting mutations and (iii) the generation of diversity. We show that large changes in neutral evolution can be a direct consequence of range shifting.

Transient networks of spatio-temporal connectivity map communication pathways in brain functional systems

NeuroImage ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 490-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Griffa ◽  
Benjamin Ricaud ◽  
Kirell Benzi ◽  
Xavier Bresson ◽  
Alessandro Daducci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connectivity Map ◽  
Functional Systems ◽  
Temporal Connectivity ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Transient Networks

scholarly journals Incorporating spatio-temporal connectivity for prioritized conservation of individual habitat patches in a dynamic landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 107414
Author(s):  
Hongzhuo Zhao ◽  
Dianfeng Liu ◽  
Fuxiang Li ◽  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
Jiqiang Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Patches ◽  
Temporal Connectivity ◽  
Dynamic Landscape ◽  
Spatio Temporal

E3 ubiquitin ligases

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen C. Ardley ◽  
Philip A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Substrate Protein ◽  
Protein Ubiquitination ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

The selectivity of the ubiquitin–26 S proteasome system (UPS) for a particular substrate protein relies on the interaction between a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2, of which a cell contains relatively few) and a ubiquitin–protein ligase (E3, of which there are possibly hundreds). Post-translational modifications of the protein substrate, such as phosphorylation or hydroxylation, are often required prior to its selection. In this way, the precise spatio-temporal targeting and degradation of a given substrate can be achieved. The E3s are a large, diverse group of proteins, characterized by one of several defining motifs. These include a HECT (homologous to E6-associated protein C-terminus), RING (really interesting new gene) or U-box (a modified RING motif without the full complement of Zn2+-binding ligands) domain. Whereas HECT E3s have a direct role in catalysis during ubiquitination, RING and U-box E3s facilitate protein ubiquitination. These latter two E3 types act as adaptor-like molecules. They bring an E2 and a substrate into sufficiently close proximity to promote the substrate's ubiquitination. Although many RING-type E3s, such as MDM2 (murine double minute clone 2 oncoprotein) and c-Cbl, can apparently act alone, others are found as components of much larger multi-protein complexes, such as the anaphase-promoting complex. Taken together, these multifaceted properties and interactions enable E3s to provide a powerful, and specific, mechanism for protein clearance within all cells of eukaryotic organisms. The importance of E3s is highlighted by the number of normal cellular processes they regulate, and the number of diseases associated with their loss of function or inappropriate targeting.

Elucidating cyclic AMP signaling in subcellular domains with optogenetic tools and fluorescent biosensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1733-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Klausen ◽  
Fabian Kaiser ◽  
Birthe Stüven ◽  
Jan N. Hansen ◽  
Dagmar Wachten
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclases ◽  
Temporal Precision ◽  
Fluorescent Biosensors ◽  
Subcellular Domains ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Cyclic Amp Signaling

The second messenger 3′,5′-cyclic nucleoside adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) plays a key role in signal transduction across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Cyclic AMP signaling is compartmentalized into microdomains to fulfil specific functions. To define the function of cAMP within these microdomains, signaling needs to be analyzed with spatio-temporal precision. To this end, optogenetic approaches and genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors are particularly well suited. Synthesis and hydrolysis of cAMP can be directly manipulated by photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (PACs) and light-regulated phosphodiesterases (PDEs), respectively. In addition, many biosensors have been designed to spatially and temporarily resolve cAMP dynamics in the cell. This review provides an overview about optogenetic tools and biosensors to shed light on the subcellular organization of cAMP signaling.

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