Latitudinal‐diversity gradients can be shaped by biotic processes: new insights from an eco‐evolutionary model

Ecography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Henriques‐Silva ◽  
Alexander Kubisch ◽  
Pedro R. Peres‐Neto
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Diversity Gradients

Why do people believe in a zero-sum economy?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Coalitional Psychology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Zero Sum

AbstractZero-sum thinking and aversion to trade pervade our society, yet fly in the face of everyday experience and the consensus of economists. Boyer & Petersen's (B&P's) evolutionary model invokes coalitional psychology to explain these puzzling intuitions. I raise several empirical challenges to this explanation, proposing two alternative mechanisms – intuitive mercantilism (assigning value to money rather than goods) and errors in perspective-taking.

Drivers of diversity gradients of a highly mobile marine assemblage in a mesoscale seascape

2020 ◽  
Vol 638 ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
GM Svendsen ◽  
M Ocampo Reinaldo ◽  
MA Romero ◽  
G Williams ◽  
A Magurran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Shared Resources ◽  
Thermal Front ◽  
Boosted Regression Tree ◽  
Diversity Gradients ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Bottom Depth

With the unprecedented rate of biodiversity change in the world today, understanding how diversity gradients are maintained at mesoscales is a key challenge. Drawing on information provided by 3 comprehensive fishery surveys (conducted in different years but in the same season and with the same sampling design), we used boosted regression tree (BRT) models in order to relate spatial patterns of α-diversity in a demersal fish assemblage to environmental variables in the San Matias Gulf (Patagonia, Argentina). We found that, over a 4 yr period, persistent diversity gradients of species richness and probability of an interspecific encounter (PIE) were shaped by 3 main environmental gradients: bottom depth, connectivity with the open ocean, and proximity to a thermal front. The 2 main patterns we observed were: a monotonic increase in PIE with proximity to fronts, which had a stronger effect at greater depths; and an increase in PIE when closer to the open ocean (a ‘bay effect’ pattern). The originality of this work resides on the identification of high-resolution gradients in local, demersal assemblages driven by static and dynamic environmental gradients in a mesoscale seascape. The maintenance of environmental gradients, specifically those associated with shared resources and connectivity with an open system, may be key to understanding community stability.

Radiative Accelerations for Evolutionary Model Calculations

1998 ◽  
Vol 492 (2) ◽  
pp. 833-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Richer ◽  
G. Michaud ◽  
F. Rogers ◽  
C. Iglesias ◽  
S. Turcotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Model Calculations

scholarly journals Functional examination of lncRNAs in allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyao Wang ◽  
Jin Han ◽  
Kening Lu ◽  
Menglin Li ◽  
Mengtao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Functional Screening ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Cotton Species ◽  
Allotetraploid Cotton

Abstract Background An evolutionary model using diploid and allotetraploid cotton species identified 80 % of non-coding transcripts in allotetraploid cotton as being uniquely activated in comparison with its diploid ancestors. The function of the lncRNAs activated in allotetraploid cotton remain largely unknown. Results We employed transcriptome analysis to examine the relationship between the lncRNAs and mRNAs of protein coding genes (PCGs) in cotton leaf tissue under abiotic stresses. LncRNA expression was preferentially associated with that of the flanking PCGs. Selected highly-expressed lncRNA candidates (n = 111) were subjected to a functional screening pilot test in which virus-induced gene silencing was integrated with abiotic stress treatment. From this low-throughput screen, we obtained candidate lncRNAs relating to plant height and tolerance to drought and other abiotic stresses. Conclusions Low-throughput screen is an effective method to find functional lncRNA for further study. LncRNAs were more active in abiotic stresses than PCG expression, especially temperature stress. LncRNA XLOC107738 may take a cis-regulatory role in response to environmental stimuli. The degree to which lncRNAs are constitutively expressed may impact expression patterns and functions on the individual gene level rather than in genome-wide aggregate.

scholarly journals Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations: A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model

Evolution ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enikő Szép ◽  
Himani Sachdeva ◽  
Nicholas H. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Evolutionary Model
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