scholarly journals DISCOUNTING, COGNITION, AND FINANCIAL AWARENESS: NEW EVIDENCE FROM A CHANGE IN THE MILITARY RETIREMENT SYSTEM

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis J. Simon ◽  
John T. Warner ◽  
Saul Pleeter
Keyword(s):  
Retirement System ◽  
Military Retirement ◽  
Financial Awareness ◽  
The Military ◽  
New Evidence

A Framework for Restructuring the Military Retirement System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy A. Wallace ◽  
David S. Lyle ◽  
John Z. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Retirement System ◽  
Military Retirement ◽  
The Military

scholarly journals ОКРЕМІ АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ПЕНСІЙНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ В УКРАЇНІ

2021 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Nataliia V. Fastovets
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Retirement System ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Military Retirement ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

The article discusses historical aspects in building a system of pension provision for military servicemen representing a specific social institution which in modern realia is of critical importance in addressing the issues of national security of Ukraine. A retrospective analysis of the historical genesis of the military retirement system demonstrates that the government efforts to ensure social protection of ex-servicemen have laid a solid foundation for shaping a common institution for social security provision to population. The study reveals the nature of economic and social significance of the military retirement system. In the context of the modern stage of military retirement system reform, pension as an economic category is understood as a cash benefit, the right to receive which is established by the government according to the current legislation for citizens who meet certain requirements of the national pension system provision. The research findings also reveal that as a social category, after retirement, the pension acts as a guarantor of economic stability of ex-servicemen and members of their families. The efficiency of the three-tier pension system has been substantiated. The study provides evidence on the existence of a normative legal framework in Ukraine regulating the pension provision to servicemen and their families, the implementation of which however is hampered by the lack of a secure comprehensive system that ensures relevant programs for retired servicemen pension maintenance. Apart from the lack of viable mechanisms for the implementation of ex-servicemen pension plans, Ukraine is currently facing a whole range of internal and external barriers to ensuring decent financial security in military retirement. Among such challenges are the high social risks of the current imbalance between the number of retirees and the number of working-age population. In addition, the replenishment pattern of the Ukrainian national pension system is based on the government subsidies by almost 50%, which in the long run may translate into further increase in the tax burden on business, and as a consequence, will lead to its further shadowing. The study suggests creating a robust regulatory system and an action plan aimed at step-by-step waiver of the solidarity-based military retirement system and shifting to a compulsory two-tier accumulation system of mandatory social contributions through the scheme of deductions from salaries and incomes, thus ensuring a relevant financial support mechanism to facilitate appropriate labor remuneration to ex-servicemen.

The Roman Road-Station at Thenadassa (Ain Wif)

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Mattingly
Keyword(s):  
Initial Phase ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
The Third ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Military ◽  
New Evidence

AbstractA reappraisal of the Roman period ruins at Ain Wif has been made following the identification there of traces of defensive walls. These walls are interpreted as being the robbed-out remains of a Roman fortlet and possibly also a tort on the same site. Two phases of military occupation were also evident in modern drain trenches being cut across the site and are attested epigraphically for the military bath-house by the spring. Ceramic evidence from the site suggests that the initial phase lies within the second century, whilst the Severan occupation, known from an inscription to begin early in the third century, represents a second phase. The previous view of the site as an undefended road-station, with a military presence only under the Severan emperors is no longer tenable. Moreover, the new evidence indicates that there was some measure of military organisation in the hinterland of the Emporia prior to the accession of Septimius Severus at the very end of the second century AD. The importance of the site also lies in its large civilian and indigenous population who continued to occupy the site long after the military had departed.

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